Recruitment of Neutrophils Into Lung by CXC Chemokines PDF Download
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Author: Andrew C. Merry
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 462
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Book Description
Author: Andrew C. Merry
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 462
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Book Description
Author: Robert M. Strieter
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0824747445
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 367
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Book Description
This reference discusses the role of chemokines in mediating leukocyte trafficking, angiogenesis, tumor cell metastasis, host defense, trauma-induced lung injury, and the progression of AIDS in the lung, and studies cytokines as natural agents for modulating diseases that affect the lung.
Author: Joanna Rzepka
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Neutrophils
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
The pathogenesis of lower respiratory tract infections (LRI) is often associated with dysregulated and exacerbated immune response. Immune response to LRI is often triggered by virus-infected target cells, such as epithelial cells that line the respiratory tract. It is critical to understand how the epithelium regulates immediate immune responses to be able to manipulate these responses for host's benefits. Animal models are often used to examine immunopathogenesis associated with diseases. Rat coronavirus (RCoV) is a natural pathogen of rats, used as a model for studying respiratory tract diseases caused by coronaviruses. This dissertation aims to clarify the role of the alveolar epithelium in mediating neutrophil responses to RCoV-infection and examines the role of neutrophils in a timely virus clearance and induction of lung tissue damage. Infection of rats with RCoV resulted in prompt recruitment of increased numbers of neutrophils to the lungs of infected animals. The peak of neutrophil recruitment coincided with observable, transient lung tissue injury, which was resolved soon after neutrophil counts in the lung had dropped to the homeostasis level. Interestingly, only in the presence of neutrophils infectious RCoV was effectively cleared from the lungs within 8 days after exposure of the animal to the virus. Depletion of neutrophils before the infection caused increased morbidity and mortality, without causing lung tissue damage. The second and the third chapters of this dissertation aim to clarify the role of alveolar epithelial cells, infected with RCoV, in mediation of neutrophil chemotaxis and inhibition of their apoptosis. Infection of type I alveolar epithelial cells, cultured in vitro, was performed to characterize signaling molecules involved in chemotaxis of neutrophils during RCoV infection and inhibition of their apoptosis. Epithelium-produced CXC chemokines, signaling through CXCR2 receptor on the surface of neutrophils, directed the recruitment of neutrophils and prolonged their life span. The presence of infectious virus particles was not required to elicit these effects. Understanding how the interactions between infected alveolar epithelial cells and the innate immune system, in particular neutrophils, are stimulated during infection with respiratory coronaviruses, will help in designing effective therapeutic strategies for pulmonary viral infections.
Author: Klaus Ley
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889194302
Category : Chemokines
Languages : en
Pages : 109
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Book Description
Arrest chemokines are a small group of chemokines that promote leukocyte arrest from rolling by triggering rapid integrin activation. Arrest chemokines have been described for neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, naïve lymphocytes and effector memory T cells. Most arrest chemokines are immobilized on the endothelial surface by binding to heparin sulfate proteoglycans. Whether soluble chemokines can promote integrin activation and arrest is controversial (Alon-Gerszten). Many aspects of the signaling pathway from the GPCR chemokine receptor to integrin activation are the subject of active investigation. Leukocyte adhesion deficiency III is a human disease in which chemokine-triggered integrin activation is defective because of a mutation in the cytoskeletal protein kindlin-3. About 10 different such mutations have been described. The defects seen in patients with LAD-III elucidate the importance of rapid integrin activation for host defense in humans. We welcome reports that help clarifying this crucial first step in the process of leukocyte transendothelial migration.
Author: Marco A. Cassatella
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 3805575521
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 247
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Book Description
In the past, neutrophils were often reduced to their ability to release preformed mediators and kill pathogens. The present volume of Chemical Immunology and Allergy, however, offers a very broad and timely view by highlighting the versatile functions of neutrophils in inflammatory, immune and antitumoral responses. Leading investigators uncover novel aspects of neutrophils, such as their capacity to control gene expression at the transcriptional level, or respond to proinflammatory cytokines, cytokine receptor chains (gc) and endogenous anti-inflammatory lipid mediators. Further points under discussion are neutrophils presenting antigens, activating T cells, participating in chemokine networking, and producing IL-12 and other cytokines during infectious diseases. Among the most original findings presented in this publication figure the observations that neutrophils cause increased vascular permeability during acute inflammation, regulate directly the angiogenic process, and influence tumor development. A final article offers a detailed description of the molecular processes affecting neutrophil cell death and survival. Unique in its field, this valuable volume is recommended reading not only for immunologists and pathologists, but also for cell biologists, hematologists and immunobiologists.
Author: John H. Sampson
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128026251
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 406
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Book Description
Translational Immunotherapy of Brain Tumors gives researchers and practitioners an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of the field. Chapters include adoptive immunotherapy, immunosuppression, CAR therapy of brain tumors, and dendritic cell therapy for brain tumors. Very few agents have been shown to be efficacious in the treatment of malignant gliomas. Recently, there have been a number of studies demonstrating the potential success of immunotherapy for brain tumors. Immunotherapeutics are becoming the most frequent drugs to be used in cancer therapy. These new breakthroughs, now approved by the FDA, are a part of multiple phase III international trials and ongoing research in malignant glioma, meaning that the information in this cutting-edge book will be of great importance to practitioners and researchers alike. Comprehensive overview, providing an update on immunology, translational immunotherapy, and clinical trials relating to malignant gliomas Edited by a prominent neurosurgeon with contributions by leading researchers in the field Ideal resource for researchers and practitioners interested in learning about mechanisms that use the immune system to treat brain tumors
Author: Bernhard Baune
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128110740
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 638
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Book Description
Inflammation and Immunity in Depression: Basic Science and Clinical Applications is the first book to move beyond the established theory of cytokine-induced depression and explore the broader role the immune system plays in this devastating mood disorder. The book fully explores the most recent lines of research into this rapidly advancing field, including alterations of T-cells, the neurobiological implications of neuroinflammation and immune alterations for brain development and function, and the genetic components of neuroinflammation in depression, including the relationships between stress and inflammation that are revealing gene-environment interactions in the disorder. Combining contributions from researchers worldwide, this book provides the most comprehensive discussion available today on the involvement of the innate immune and adaptive immune systems in depressive disorder. Chapters span neuroscience, psychology, clinical applications and future directions, making this book an invaluable resource for advanced students, researchers and practitioners who need to understand the complex and varied role of inflammation and immune responses in depression. Synthesizes current knowledge of inflammation and immunity in depression, ranging from basic neuroscience research, to clinical applications in psychiatry Expands on the long-established theory of cytokine-induced depression to discuss broader involvement of the immune system Explores translational potential of targeting immune dysfunction for clinical interventions
Author: Dragana Odobasic
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 288976902X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 129
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 1840
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Author: Didier Dreyfuss
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420019260
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 776
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Book Description
This reference surveys current best practices in the prevention and management of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) and spans the many pathways and mechanisms of VILI including cell injury and repair, the modulation of alveolar-capillary barrier properties, and lung and systemic inflammatory consequences of injurous mechanical ventilation. Cons
