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Author: Lance Grande
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Clupeiformes
Languages : en
Pages : 164
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Book Description
"The Clupeomorpha are a diverse, widespread group of fishes containing (as defined here) about 317 Recent and over 150 known fossil species. They are known as far back as the early Cretaceous and today are worldwide in distribution. Surprisingly little is known about this group phylogenetically. This study briefly reviews past work on clupeomorph interrelationships and examines the skeletal morphology of clupeomorphs to produce materials for a revision of the subgroups of clupeiform fishes. By concentrating on clupeomorph osteology, fossils can be added to the resulting classification. Comparative osteological data, based on examination of over 750 skeletal preparations, are summarized by 20 tables and several cladograms. The osteology of a pellonuline (Odaxothrissa vittata) and dorosomatine (Dorosoma cepedianum) is descriptively illustrated in detail. Also, a list of all nominal fossil species known to the author which appear to belong in Clupeomorpha as defined here, is provided (based on examination of either illustrations or specimens of over 150 fossil species), and the species in this list are briefly discussed. It was found that several skeletal characters define groups such as Clupeomorpha, Clupeomorpha Division 2, Clupeiformes, Clupeoidei, and some clupeoid subgroups. Based on osteological characters, the family Pristigasteridae should be excluded from the superfamily Clupeoidea (which includes Chirocentridae and Clupeidae); and the groups Pristigasteroidea, Engrauloidea, Clupeoidea, Clupeidae, Pellonulinae, and Dussumieriinae were each found to be monophyletic. Several fossil groups are removed from Clupeomorpha (†Ornategulum, †Clupavidae, †Engraulis evolans, and others). Cladograms for Pristigasteroidea, Dussumieriinae, and Pellonulinae are given based on osteological characters. No osteological characters were discovered to indicate that Dorosomatinae, Alosinae, Clupeinae, or these three groups together, are monophyletic. The biggest remaining problem in clupeomorph systematics is seen as discovering the interrelationships of the members of these three subfamilial 'groups of convenience' among Clupeoidei. It is hoped that this work will serve as a base for future phylogenetic studies on clupeomorph fishes by paleoichthyologists and neoichthyologists interested in clupeomorph osteology. The interrelationships of clupeid fishes and the placement of many fossil species within Clupeomorpha are still under study"--P. 235.
Author: Lance Grande
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Clupeiformes
Languages : en
Pages : 164
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Book Description
"The Clupeomorpha are a diverse, widespread group of fishes containing (as defined here) about 317 Recent and over 150 known fossil species. They are known as far back as the early Cretaceous and today are worldwide in distribution. Surprisingly little is known about this group phylogenetically. This study briefly reviews past work on clupeomorph interrelationships and examines the skeletal morphology of clupeomorphs to produce materials for a revision of the subgroups of clupeiform fishes. By concentrating on clupeomorph osteology, fossils can be added to the resulting classification. Comparative osteological data, based on examination of over 750 skeletal preparations, are summarized by 20 tables and several cladograms. The osteology of a pellonuline (Odaxothrissa vittata) and dorosomatine (Dorosoma cepedianum) is descriptively illustrated in detail. Also, a list of all nominal fossil species known to the author which appear to belong in Clupeomorpha as defined here, is provided (based on examination of either illustrations or specimens of over 150 fossil species), and the species in this list are briefly discussed. It was found that several skeletal characters define groups such as Clupeomorpha, Clupeomorpha Division 2, Clupeiformes, Clupeoidei, and some clupeoid subgroups. Based on osteological characters, the family Pristigasteridae should be excluded from the superfamily Clupeoidea (which includes Chirocentridae and Clupeidae); and the groups Pristigasteroidea, Engrauloidea, Clupeoidea, Clupeidae, Pellonulinae, and Dussumieriinae were each found to be monophyletic. Several fossil groups are removed from Clupeomorpha (†Ornategulum, †Clupavidae, †Engraulis evolans, and others). Cladograms for Pristigasteroidea, Dussumieriinae, and Pellonulinae are given based on osteological characters. No osteological characters were discovered to indicate that Dorosomatinae, Alosinae, Clupeinae, or these three groups together, are monophyletic. The biggest remaining problem in clupeomorph systematics is seen as discovering the interrelationships of the members of these three subfamilial 'groups of convenience' among Clupeoidei. It is hoped that this work will serve as a base for future phylogenetic studies on clupeomorph fishes by paleoichthyologists and neoichthyologists interested in clupeomorph osteology. The interrelationships of clupeid fishes and the placement of many fossil species within Clupeomorpha are still under study"--P. 235.
Author: Tim M. Berra
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226044432
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 645
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Book Description
With more than 29,000 species, fishes are the most diverse group of vertebrates on the planet. Of that number, more than 12,000 species are found in freshwater ecosystems, which occupy less than 1 percent of the Earth’s surface and contain only 2.4 percent of plant and animal species. But, on a hectare-for-hectare basis, freshwater ecosystems are richer in species than more extensive terrestrial and marine habitats. Examination of the distribution patterns of fishes in these fresh waters reveals much about continental movements and climate changes and has long been critical to biogeographical studies and research in ecology and evolution. Tim Berra’s seminal resource, Freshwater Fish Distribution,maps the 169 fish families that swim in fresh water around the world. Each family account includes the class, subclass, and order; a pronunciation guide to the family name; life cycle information; and interesting natural history facts. Each account is illustrated, many with historical nineteenth-century woodcuts. Now available in paperback, this heavily cited work in ichthyology and biogeography will serve as a reference for students, a research support for professors, and a helpful guide to tropical fish hobbyists and anglers.
Author: Jin Yu Gan
Publisher: VSP
ISBN: 9789067642576
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 210
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Book Description
This book is a collection of papers presented in the symposia, held in Beijing, on palaeontology and historical geology. The papers deal with different topics, providing information on Palaeobiogeography and Palaeoecology of Asian countries, their faunal content, and fossil preservation.
Author: David M. Williams
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520947991
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 501
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Book Description
Cladistics, or phylogenetic systematics—an approach to discovering, unraveling, and testing hypotheses of evolutionary history—took hold during a turbulent and acrimonious time in the history of systematics. During this period—the 1960s and 1970s—much of the foundation of modern systematic methodology was established as cladistic approaches became widely accepted. Virtually complete by the end of the 1980s, the wide perception has been that little has changed. This volume vividly illustrates that cladistic methodologies have continued to be developed, improved upon, and effectively used in ever widening analytically imaginative ways.
Author: Terry Grande
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000737969
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 423
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Book Description
An understanding of gonorynchiform morphology and systematic inter- and intra-relationships has proven vital to a better understanding of the evolution of lower teleosts in general, and more specifically of groups such as the clupeiforms (e.g., herrings and anchovies), and ostariophysans (e.g., carps, minnows and catfishes). This book examines the
Author: Evangelos Vlachos
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030683982
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 715
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Book Description
This 2-volume set provides a state-of-the-art study of the fossil record and taxonomy of the main vertebrate groups from Greece. Greece stands between 3 continents and its vertebrate fossil record is of great importance for paleontological and evolutionary studies in Europe, Asia and Africa. Fossils from classic, world-famous localities (e.g., Pikermi, Samos) form an essential part of the collections of the most important museums in the world and have been studied by numerous scientists. Recent paleontological research led to the discovery and study of numerous new sites. The volumes contain a taxonomic review of all named and identified taxa, their taxonomic history and current status, as well as historical, phylogenetic and biogeographic information. Volume 1 contains a synopsis of the fossil record and taxonomy of important groups of vertebrates represented in the fossil record of Greece. The volume deals with some of the early splitting clades, including the basal and enigmatic conodonts and basal tetrapods like fishes, amphibians, and reptiles like lizards, snakes, crocodiles, turtles and tortoises. The second part of the volume deals with basal mammalian clades, some of which are quite characteristic for the fossil record of the country: aardwarks, hyraxes, proboscideans, elephants and mammoths, sea cows, rodents, and lagomorphs. The volume ends with special chapters on the primate fossil record of the country, including some of our most recent and distant relatives.
Author: Philip A. Hastings
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520278720
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 336
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Book Description
"This is a coursebook and reference guide for ichthyology courses that will also serve as a tool for ichthyologists, fisheries scientists, marine biologists, and vertebrate zoologists. It will cover the basic anatomy and diversity of all 62 orders of fishes, focusing on the distinguishing characteristics of approximately 180 of the most commonly encountered fish families. Each family will be diagnosed with easily observed characteristics and clear photos--many in color and from living specimens. This guide will be distinctive through the use of photographs of preserved specimens primarily from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography Marine Vertebrate Collection, supplemented by radiographs and additional illustrations of key characters. The goal is to give ichthyology students, fisheries scientists, marine biologists, vertebrate zoologists, and others with an interest or stake in the diversity of fishes a broad overview of the morphological diversity of fishes, arranged in a modern classification system. For students, it's a natural complement to primary ichthyology textbooks, which don't cover the breadth of morphological characteristics necessary to identify fish"--Provided by publisher.
Author: Joseph S. Nelson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 111834233X
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 752
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Book Description
Take your knowledge of fishes to the next level Fishes of the World, Fifth Edition is the only modern, phylogenetically based classification of the world’s fishes. The updated text offers new phylogenetic diagrams that clarify the relationships among fish groups, as well as cutting-edge global knowledge that brings this classic reference up to date. With this resource, you can classify orders, families, and genera of fishes, understand the connections among fish groups, organize fishes in their evolutionary context, and imagine new areas of research. To further assist your work, this text provides representative drawings, many of them new, for most families of fishes, allowing you to make visual connections to the information as you read. It also contains many references to the classical as well as the most up-to-date literature on fish relationships, based on both morphology and molecular biology. The study of fishes is one that certainly requires dedication—and access to reliable, accurate information. With more than 30,000 known species of sharks, rays, and bony fishes, both lobe-finned and ray-finned, you will need to master your area of study with the assistance of the best reference materials available. This text will help you bring your knowledge of fishes to the next level. Explore the anatomical characteristics, distribution, common and scientific names, and phylogenetic relationships of fishes Access biological and anatomical information on more than 515 families of living fishes Better appreciate the complexities and controversies behind the modern view of fish relationships Refer to an extensive bibliography, which points you in the direction of additional, valuable, and up-to-date information, much of it published within the last few years Fishes of the World, Fifth Edition is an invaluable resource for professional ichthyologists, aquatic ecologists, marine biologists, fish breeders, aquaculturists, and conservationists.
Author: Kesara Anamthawat-Jónsson
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535102176
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Book Description
Mapping phylogenetics on geographical scales is one of the most important scientific aspects of bioscience research. Changes in the environment have evidently shaped the geographical distribution of organisms on land and in the oceans seen today. Overexploitation of key species has caused not only changes in the distribution and diversity of organisms and composition of the ecosystems, but is also leading to species extinction at accelerating rates. It is our duty as scientists to find ways of protecting the species endangered with extinction and preventing other species from entering the endangered stage. To manage this effectively, we need to map species distribution, understand life-history traits, define genetic variation within species and populations, identify lineages - especially at the molecular level - and correlate the historical, phylogenetic components with the spatial distributions of gene lineages. In this book, phylogenetics and phylogeography of a diverse range of organisms are reviewed: from microorganisms causing gastroenteritis in humans, fishes in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean and spiders of the western Indian Ocean, to mountain tapirs in South America and birch tree species of the Arctic tundra.
Author: Rui Diogo
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429526628
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 282
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Book Description
The book provides insight on the osteology, myology, phylogeny and evolution of Osteichthyes. It not only provides an extensive cladistic analysis of osteichthyan higher-level inter-relationships based on a phylogenetic comparison of 356 characters in 80 extant and fossil terminal taxa representing all major groups of Osteichthyes, but also analyses various terminal taxa and osteological characters. And also provides a general discussion on issues such as the comparative anatomy, homologies and evolution of osteichthyan cranial and pectoral muscles, the development of zebrafish cephalic muscles and the implications for evolutionary developmental studies, the origin homologies and evolution of one of the most peculiar and enigmatic structural complexes of osteichthyans, the Weberian apparatus, and the use of myological versus osteological characters in phylogenetic reconstructions.
