Real Conditionals PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Real Conditionals PDF full book. Access full book title Real Conditionals by William G. Lycan. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: William G. Lycan
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191515906
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 234
Get Book Here
Book Description
Philosophers and logicians have long debated how best to understand conditional or hypothetical sentences. William G. Lycan has a distinctive approach to this debate, attending not just to the semantics of such sentences, but equally to their syntax. He shows how insights from linguistic theory help to illuminate problems about the meaning and function of conditionals. For instance, philosophers and logicians have had problems analysing the locutions 'only if', 'unless', and 'even if'. Lycan sets out a general semantic theory of conditionals which works for all such sentences; he assigns meanings to them in a way that explains how and why those meanings depend upon features of utterance context. According to Lycan's theory the 'if'-clauses refer to items called 'events', 'circumstances', or 'conditions'. Real Conditionals gives at last the definitive presentation of this original approach to a topic at the intersection of philosophy, logic, and linguistics. Lycan's characteristically lively and witty expository style ensures that it can be enjoyed by readers from all three disciplines.
Author: William G. Lycan
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191515906
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 234
Get Book Here
Book Description
Philosophers and logicians have long debated how best to understand conditional or hypothetical sentences. William G. Lycan has a distinctive approach to this debate, attending not just to the semantics of such sentences, but equally to their syntax. He shows how insights from linguistic theory help to illuminate problems about the meaning and function of conditionals. For instance, philosophers and logicians have had problems analysing the locutions 'only if', 'unless', and 'even if'. Lycan sets out a general semantic theory of conditionals which works for all such sentences; he assigns meanings to them in a way that explains how and why those meanings depend upon features of utterance context. According to Lycan's theory the 'if'-clauses refer to items called 'events', 'circumstances', or 'conditions'. Real Conditionals gives at last the definitive presentation of this original approach to a topic at the intersection of philosophy, logic, and linguistics. Lycan's characteristically lively and witty expository style ensures that it can be enjoyed by readers from all three disciplines.
Author: Manik Joshi
Publisher: Manik Joshi
ISBN:
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 72
Get Book Here
Book Description
"Conditional sentences” express factual implications, or hypothetical situations and their consequences. There are two clauses in conditional sentences: Dependent clause: Expresses the condition Main clause: Expresses the consequence This Book Covers The Following Topics: What are “Conditional Sentences”? Present Real Conditional Sentences Present Unreal Conditional Sentences Past Real Conditional Sentences Past Unreal Conditional Sentences Future Real Conditional Sentences Future Unreal Conditional Sentences Continuous Forms of Conditional Sentences Mixed Conditional Sentences 'Were To' - Conditional Sentences 'Special Force' - Conditional Sentences 'Wish'- Conditional Sentences 'Miscellaneous' - Conditional Sentences Conditional Sentences: Exercise – 1 Conditional Sentences: Exercise – 2 Summary Sample This: Present Real Conditional Sentences The Present Real Conditional Is Used To Talk About What You Normally Do In Real-Life Situations. STRUCTURE [First Part – If / When + Subject + Present Verb…, Second Part – Simple Present] OR [First Part – Simple Present, Second Part – If / When + Subject + Present Verb…] Whether Use “If” OR “When”? "If" implies - things don’t happen regularly. “When” implies - things happen regularly. If you eat too much fast food, it makes you overweight. Or [It makes you overweight if you eat too much fast food.] If you put salt on salad, they taste nicer. Or [They taste nicer if you put salt on salad.] When I have free time, I often sit in the library. [Regularly] Or [I often sit in the library when I have free time.] MORE EXAMPLES: [First Part – If / When + Subject + Present Verb…, Second Part – Simple Present] If I move to school, I never take my mobile. If you want to be a super-achiever, first recognize your own capabilities. If it melts, it raises the sea level. If something bad happens anywhere, it is natural to be sad. If you heat water, it boils. If the office closes early, we definitely go to the library. If you need help, call me. If I don’t come on time, you are supposed to leave the office. If you feel sleepy, just go to bed. If that isn’t absolute verification, I don’t know what is. If the contractors fail to achieve the target within the specified period, they are liable to pay damages. If you don't get the first good, be content with the second good. [Note: Use of Imperative Sentence] If you are working for something with convictions, you are satisfied. If proper punishment is not awarded to the accused, the faith of the society is shaken in the legal system of the country. [Note: Use of passive voice – is + awarded, and is + shaken] If uranium is bombarded with a neutron, it absorbs some. If a Swedish govt. is interested in such a deal at all, Sweden can negotiate for itself a better deal. If a person is abused repeatedly then that person has the right to object and the right to argue also. If my statement has pained someone then I regret it. If they have done something wrong that doesn’t mean I have also done something wrong. If the refugee cannot afford to pay, she may be refused access to the hospital or have her refugee card confiscated. [First Part – Simple Present, Second Part – If / When + Subject + Present Verb…] I have come to bother you if you don’t mind. We don’t even know if any person by that name exists. Their wages are cut if they do not report for duty on time. You learn a language better if you visit the country where it is spoken. Agency works under pressure if one goes by what the ex-Director says. I apologize if at all the article hurt anyone. Power companies can hike the tariffs if the cost of imported coal rises. Hang me if I am guilty. I meet him if I go there. Butter dissolves if you leave it in sun. Plants die if you don’t water them. Milk goes off if you don’t keep it in a cool place. Ask the officer if you have any problems. I don’t mind if you sit in my cabin. Customers get upset if they are being overcharged. I have no problem if her name is disclosed. They promised to slash power rates if they are elected. Existing laws can be a deterrent if a time-based trial is conducted. Do you mind if I turn on the radio for a while? A death row convict cannot be executed if he is not physically and mentally fit. A student may not be motivated to work hard if a promotion is guaranteed. Many of the deaths can be avoided if bikers wear helmets. I go by taxi when the bus is late.
Author: Olivier Durand
Publisher: LIT Verlag Münster
ISBN: 3643903340
Category : Foreign Language Study
Languages : en
Pages : 507
Get Book Here
Book Description
This volume is a collection of articles written by more than 40 scholars who work in the field of Arabic dialectology. All articles are revised versions of papers presented at the 9th Conference of the Association Internationale de Dialectologie Arabe (AIDA) held in Pescara in March 2011. The variety of dialects represented in the book engage various issues in Arabic dialectology - such as sedentary and Bedouin dialects, sociolinguistic phenomena, and the written dimension - investigated from both synchronic and diachronic perspectives. The broad range of meaningful subjects that are tackled in the book offer an important contribution to the current debates on general linguistics and sociolinguistics, Arabic linguistics, Arabic literature, as well as Semitic and Islamic studies. (Series: Neue Beihefte zur Wiener Zeitschrift fur die Kunde des Morgenlandes - Vol. 8)
Author: Kenneth Cranker
Publisher: Wayzgoose Press
ISBN:
Category : Foreign Language Study
Languages : en
Pages : 117
Get Book Here
Book Description
Practical English Grammar for Academic Writers is intended for international students who have to write academically in American English. Suitable for undergraduates or graduate students, it aims at enabling writers to produce grammatically correct, well-focused, well-developed writing with academic vocabulary, style, and tone. This book is compact, yet surprisingly broad in grammatical, lexical, and academic scope, making it ideal for advanced level English for academic purposes or academic transitions reading/writing classes that have to balance academic content with grammar. This book also includes an answer key, including sample paragraphs for all of the independent writing assignments, allowing for individual, autonomous study.
Author: Alex Tilbury
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107656796
Category : Foreign Language Study
Languages : en
Pages : 137
Get Book Here
Book Description
English Unlimited is a six-level (A1 to C1) goals-based course for adults. Centred on purposeful, real-life objectives, it prepares learners to use English independently for global communication. Through universal topics and activities, and a focus on intercultural competence as a 'fifth skill', this international coursebook helps learners become more sensitive, more effective communicators. Teaching natural, dependable language, and with CEFR goals at its core, it brings real life into the classroom and gives learners the skills and strategies to communicate confidently outside it. The 'Explore' sections provide the extra ingredients for enhancing communicative ability, from further development of speaking skills to independent learning strategies. The English Unlimited Upper Intermediate A Combo with DVD-ROM includes Coursebook Units 1 to 7 as well as the e-Portfolio and Self-Study DVD-ROM.
Author: Frank Robert Palmer
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521804790
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 262
Get Book Here
Book Description
Palmer investigates the category of modality, drawing on a wealth of examples from a wide variety of languages.
Author: John Bunting
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521143012
Category : Foreign Language Study
Languages : en
Pages : 358
Get Book Here
Book Description
Grammar and Beyond is a four-level North American grammar course informed by a collection of over one billion words of authentic language, ensuring that students learn grammar the way it is used in real spoken and written English. The Class Audio CD includes all of the audio for the exercises in the Student's Book. CEF: B2-C1.
Author: Janet Shanks
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 9780743241373
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 564
Get Book Here
Book Description
Are you ready for the TOEFL(R) Exam? You will be. Kaplan's "TOEFL(R) Paper-and-Pencil with 3 Audio CDs, Third Edition," is a complete review of all the material on the paper-based and computer-based TOEFL(R) exam. You get 3 realistic practice tests; Kaplan's powerful test-taking strategies; and easy-to-understand grammar, reading, listening, and writing reviews. "TOEFL(R) Paper-and-Pencil" will help you to score higher on the TOEFL(R) exam and get into the North American university or profession you want. SUCCEED on every section of the TOEFL(R) exam with a full review of Structure, Writing, Reading Comprehension, and Listening Comprehension. PREPARE with detailed information on the test, plus hundreds of practice questions to build your skills. PRACTICE with 3 full-length practice tests with complete score analysis as well as 3 audio CDs for listening comprehension and vocabulary review. SCORE HIGHER with effective strategies for managing time, understanding directions, handling stress, and more.
Author: Alice Savage
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0194218848
Category : Foreign Language Study
Languages : en
Pages : 242
Get Book Here
Book Description
Effective Academic Writing teaches the complete academic writing process from sentence level to researched essay.
Author: Maj-Britt Mosegaard Hansen
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0191035688
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 415
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book is an advanced student's grammar of French that integrates traditional grammar with knowledge and insights from modern linguistics. Maj-Britt Mosegaard Hansen takes a structural approach to French grammar: she provides clear descriptions of grammatical rules based explicitly on syntactic structure, and places descriptive emphasis on instances where the grammatical structures of French differ from those used in corresponding contexts in English. The first part of the book provides an introduction to French sentence structure, before the following parts examine the grammar of verbs, nominals, particles, and clauses and sentences. The Structure of Modern Standard French will be a valuable resource for students of French at undergraduate level and beyond. It assumes some prior knowledge of French grammar but is designed to be accessible to those with no background in linguistics.
