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Author: James E. Freeland
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 166
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Book Description
Chapter one provides an introduction. Chapter two seeks to answer the question of how the property tax affects the tax base. Cities are divided into four types as defined by the census. Principal, central, suburban, and rural cities. The reason for dividing the cities into these categories is to see how the impact of changing the millage rate differs between these different city types. Another question this research seeks to answer is how the millage rate affects different property types differently. To address, the sec- ond question, properties are divided into residential, commercial, and office buildings. Increasing the millage rate decreases property values when controlling for provision of public goods. Increasing the millage rate by one percent decreases tax revenue collected in 28 out of 40 Florida regions. The loss in tax revenue from the lower property values outweights the gain in tax revenue from the increased millage rate in these regions. This finding can help provide a local government playbook in times of financial stress. Chapter three seeks to determine the link between municipal surplus and the number of various land use types. The fiscal impact of alternative land uses are partially determined by existing residents. These residents are guided by self-interest to influence what is built within their community. The makeup of a community in terms of renters versus homeowners influences whether a new project will be built. Another determinant of the project approval condition is a community's fiscal stress. Marginal impact for revenue, expenditure, and surplus are calculated for each land use type. The fiscal impact differs between central and suburban cities and in response to the housing market crash. Using a unique panel of Florida cities, systems of revenue and expenditure equations for each xi type of city are estimated before and after the crash. Results show fiscal tightening differs between central and suburban cities after the great financial crisis. This fiscal tightening can be perceived by comparing surplus effects in the pre- and post-crash time periods. Chapter four seeks to answer the question of how city revenue and expenditure are sep- arately related to the spatial density of various property types. Theory suggests that forces work against one another to either raise or lower public services costs as build- ings spatially concentrate within a city. Concentration lowers costs through economies of density but raises costs due to harshness of the environment as found by Bradford and others (1969), Ladd (1992), Ladd (1993), and Ladd (1994). There is little empirical evi- dence on how these opposing forces play out to affect the budgets of local governments. In this part of the project, empirical estimation addresses questions regarding the rela- tionship between the geography of land uses within cities and public services' costs. Property types that, when becoming more concentrated from their mean level, increase revenues are single-family, offices, retail, other commercial, industrial, and institutional. Property types that, when becoming more concentrated from their mean level, increase expenditure are single-family, multi-family, condominiums, retail, other commercial, industrial, and institutional. In general, development has become more spatially dis- persed within cities over time. Three dimensions of this dispersal are to be considered. As the developed area of a city expands, how are municipal revenues and public ser- vices' costs influenced? Second, as the spatial concentration of buildings within the developed area decreases, what is the impact on municipal revenue and public services' costs? Lastly, how are municipal revenue and public services' costs affected by the spa- tial de-concentration of alternative land uses (for example, single-family homes versus office buildings) within the developed area of a city?
Author: James E. Freeland
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 166
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Book Description
Chapter one provides an introduction. Chapter two seeks to answer the question of how the property tax affects the tax base. Cities are divided into four types as defined by the census. Principal, central, suburban, and rural cities. The reason for dividing the cities into these categories is to see how the impact of changing the millage rate differs between these different city types. Another question this research seeks to answer is how the millage rate affects different property types differently. To address, the sec- ond question, properties are divided into residential, commercial, and office buildings. Increasing the millage rate decreases property values when controlling for provision of public goods. Increasing the millage rate by one percent decreases tax revenue collected in 28 out of 40 Florida regions. The loss in tax revenue from the lower property values outweights the gain in tax revenue from the increased millage rate in these regions. This finding can help provide a local government playbook in times of financial stress. Chapter three seeks to determine the link between municipal surplus and the number of various land use types. The fiscal impact of alternative land uses are partially determined by existing residents. These residents are guided by self-interest to influence what is built within their community. The makeup of a community in terms of renters versus homeowners influences whether a new project will be built. Another determinant of the project approval condition is a community's fiscal stress. Marginal impact for revenue, expenditure, and surplus are calculated for each land use type. The fiscal impact differs between central and suburban cities and in response to the housing market crash. Using a unique panel of Florida cities, systems of revenue and expenditure equations for each xi type of city are estimated before and after the crash. Results show fiscal tightening differs between central and suburban cities after the great financial crisis. This fiscal tightening can be perceived by comparing surplus effects in the pre- and post-crash time periods. Chapter four seeks to answer the question of how city revenue and expenditure are sep- arately related to the spatial density of various property types. Theory suggests that forces work against one another to either raise or lower public services costs as build- ings spatially concentrate within a city. Concentration lowers costs through economies of density but raises costs due to harshness of the environment as found by Bradford and others (1969), Ladd (1992), Ladd (1993), and Ladd (1994). There is little empirical evi- dence on how these opposing forces play out to affect the budgets of local governments. In this part of the project, empirical estimation addresses questions regarding the rela- tionship between the geography of land uses within cities and public services' costs. Property types that, when becoming more concentrated from their mean level, increase revenues are single-family, offices, retail, other commercial, industrial, and institutional. Property types that, when becoming more concentrated from their mean level, increase expenditure are single-family, multi-family, condominiums, retail, other commercial, industrial, and institutional. In general, development has become more spatially dis- persed within cities over time. Three dimensions of this dispersal are to be considered. As the developed area of a city expands, how are municipal revenues and public ser- vices' costs influenced? Second, as the spatial concentration of buildings within the developed area decreases, what is the impact on municipal revenue and public services' costs? Lastly, how are municipal revenue and public services' costs affected by the spa- tial de-concentration of alternative land uses (for example, single-family homes versus office buildings) within the developed area of a city?
Author: University of Florida. Public Administration Clearing Service
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cities and towns
Languages : en
Pages : 672
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Book Description
Author: Florida League of Municipalities
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Municipal finance
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Book Description
Author: University of Florida. Public Administration Clearing Service
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Florida
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Book Description
Author: University of Florida. Public Administration Clearing Service
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cities and towns
Languages : en
Pages : 24
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Book Description
Author: Florida. State Planning Board
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Municipal finance
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
Author: Florida. Legislature. Committee on Finance and Taxation
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Finance, Public
Languages : en
Pages : 84
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Book Description
Author: William Trotter Hicks
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Advertising
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
Author: Frank Sherwood
Publisher: iUniverse
ISBN: 0595481604
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 263
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Book Description
The counties of Florida play a special role because of the settlement patterns of the state. Nearly half the population lives outside a city, and many others reside in a small municipality. For many citizens the local government they know and on which they depend is one of 67 counties. These units cover every inch of Florida and so every citizen is a county resident. The quality of life, then, depends very much on the functioning of these counties. They must be organized, managed, and financed so as to provide a huge variety of services to a society that is heavily urbanized. This book seeks to make the reader well aware of these obligations, and it introduces a companion principle, home rule. The counties must have the operating freedom and the resources to meet their responsibilities, and that flexibility must be provided by higher levels of government, particularly the State. The finances of counties, as well as other local governments, were being publicly debated in 2007-2008. Two chapters of this book provide important perspectives on the issues involved.
Author: Howard A. Frank
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420004166
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 836
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Book Description
Public Financial Management covers the five major pillars of this sub-discipline of public administration: context, public finance, retirement systems, performance measurement and budgeting, and international perspectives. This text offers practitioners information valuable in their day-to-day operations, while also providing students in public adm