Provenance, Detrital Zircon U-PB Geochronology, and Tectonic Significance of Middle Cretaceous Sandstones from the Alberta Foreland Basin PDF Download
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Author: Daniel Lee Buechmann
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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The Canadian-Alaskan Cordillera exhibits a severely overprinted amalgam of subduction zone, arc, back-arc, ocean basin, and continental margin assemblages that collectively represent more than 750 million years of tectonic activity. Sedimentary basins flanking the orogeny were filled with detritus from the adjacent uplifted fold-and-thrust belt and thus provide a detailed record of the source area that helps constrain the timing of paleogeographic reconstructions and tectonic evolution models. This study presents new U-Pb detrital zircon ages from Middle Cretaceous sandstones of the Alberta Foreland Basin that indicate a dramatic shift in provenance across the Albian-Cenomanian boundary and elucidate the extent of terrane emergence in the Cordillera between 101 and 96 Ma. The Albian Viking Formation yielded 221 U-Pb detrital zircon analyses with 206 grains (93%) providing Precambrian ages that are consistent with age spectra for Paleozoic and early Mesozoic miogeoclinal strata, indicating the foreland basin was being flooded by recycled passive margin detritus during the late Early Cretaceous. The Cenomanian Dunvegan Formation yielded 338 U-Pb detrital zircon analyses showing statistically significant Paleozoic age clusters at 358, 338, and 328 Ma that correspond with the Late Devonian to Early Mississippian Finlay and Late Mississipian Little Salmon magmatic cycles observed regionally throughout the large pericratonic Yukon-Tanana terrane. This correlation suggests the Yukon-Tanana terrane was entrained in the fold-and-thrust belt and exposed near the Dunvegan paleo-catchment area during the early Late Cretaceous, providing a minimum time constraint for the collision of the northern pericratonic terranes with western Laurentia.
Author: Daniel Lee Buechmann
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The Canadian-Alaskan Cordillera exhibits a severely overprinted amalgam of subduction zone, arc, back-arc, ocean basin, and continental margin assemblages that collectively represent more than 750 million years of tectonic activity. Sedimentary basins flanking the orogeny were filled with detritus from the adjacent uplifted fold-and-thrust belt and thus provide a detailed record of the source area that helps constrain the timing of paleogeographic reconstructions and tectonic evolution models. This study presents new U-Pb detrital zircon ages from Middle Cretaceous sandstones of the Alberta Foreland Basin that indicate a dramatic shift in provenance across the Albian-Cenomanian boundary and elucidate the extent of terrane emergence in the Cordillera between 101 and 96 Ma. The Albian Viking Formation yielded 221 U-Pb detrital zircon analyses with 206 grains (93%) providing Precambrian ages that are consistent with age spectra for Paleozoic and early Mesozoic miogeoclinal strata, indicating the foreland basin was being flooded by recycled passive margin detritus during the late Early Cretaceous. The Cenomanian Dunvegan Formation yielded 338 U-Pb detrital zircon analyses showing statistically significant Paleozoic age clusters at 358, 338, and 328 Ma that correspond with the Late Devonian to Early Mississippian Finlay and Late Mississipian Little Salmon magmatic cycles observed regionally throughout the large pericratonic Yukon-Tanana terrane. This correlation suggests the Yukon-Tanana terrane was entrained in the fold-and-thrust belt and exposed near the Dunvegan paleo-catchment area during the early Late Cretaceous, providing a minimum time constraint for the collision of the northern pericratonic terranes with western Laurentia.
Author: Gary J. Hunt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geology
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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The distribution of U-Pb ages of detrital zircons from synorogenic Lower Cretaceous (Barremain-Albian) Cedar Mountain and San Pitch formation conglomerates and sandstones (N = 7, n = 641) preserved in the Sevier foreland basin of Utah are statistically related to age spectra of detrital zircons in Jurassic-Neoproterozoic strata (N = 11, n = 1104) in the Cordilleran fold-thrust belt. A history of Sevier thrust-belt unroofing, reworking, and recycling of detritus is recorded in the distribution of detrital zircons in Lower Cretaceous foreland basin strata. Three geochronological provenance intervals are observed in Neoproterozoic-Jurassic strata in the thrust-belt that are also recognized in 3 inverted chronofacies in foreland basin strata. The first provenance interval in the thrust belt is recognized as chronofacies A in the foreland basin. It is defined by a dominant group of Paleoproterozoic detrital zircons and the presence of significant numbers of Late Neoproterozic-Early Paleozoic (550 - 300 Ma) grains. Quartzites and sandstones in the thrust belt in provenance interval 1 include Pennsylvanian-Permain Oquirrh Formation, Permian Diamond Creek Sandstone, and the Jurassic Nugget Sandstone. Statistically related to provenance interval 1 are the oldest foreland basin strata in chronofacies A, including the Buckhorn Conglomerate Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation on the San Rafael Swell, and the Yellow Cat and Poison Strip Sandstone members in eastern Utah. The second provenance is observed in Ordovician-Devonian strata in the Canyon Range thrust sheet, and chronofacies B in the foreland basin; these display mostly Paleoproterozoic detrital zircons with dominant age groups of 1.8-1.9 Ga and 2.2-2.4 Ga. Cedar Mountain Formation conglomerates at the base of the Cretaceous succession in Salina Canyon on the southwestern Wasatch Plateau, and the Short Canyon Conglomerate (Upper Albain) on the western San Rafael Swell, are statistically related to detrital zircon age spectra observed in the Eureka (Ordovician) and Cove Fort (Devonian) quartzites in the thrust-belt. The third provenance interval observed constitutes Neoproterozoic and Cambrian quartzites from the Canyon Range thrust sheet and chronofacies C in the foreland basin, which all produce a tri-modal population of Mesoproterozoic (1.0-1.2 Ga), Paleoproterozoic (1.4 Ga and 1.6-1.8 Ga), and a subordinate population of Archean (>2.5 Ga) grains. Upper Albian conglomerates of the San Pitch Formation produced detrital zircon grains that were derived primarily from the oldest allochthonous strata in the thrust sheet, thus recording the complete unroofing of the thrust-belt in Early Cretaceous time. Abundant Mesozoic detrial zircon grains were sampled in distal Cedar Mountain Formation samples, whereas in more proximal deposits of the Buckhorn Conglomerate on the San Rafael Swell, Cordilleran arc grains are rare. This is due to different sediment dispersal patterns and involves recycling of detrital zircons from reworked Mesozoic strata and perhaps transported directly from Jurassic plutons in the southern Mogollon Highlands. The Buckgorn Conglomerate was deposited by braided transverse rivers with headwaters in the Sevier highlands that produce minimal Triassic-Jurassic detrital zircons, whereas distal deposits of the Yellow Cat and Poison Strip Sandstone members were deposited in a distal axial river system with headwaters in the Mogollon highlands where Triassic-Jurassic zircons are plentiful. Three stages of the early Cretaceous foreland basin in Utah are recognized. An initial stage, which was controlled predominantly by dynamic subsidence, is recognized by the slow deposition of Barremian-Aptian strata of the lower Cedar Mountain Formation (e.g. Buckhorn Conglomerate) with no evidence of a clastic wedge developement to the west. The second stage is the observance of the first westward thickening wedge of sediment recognized in Aptian-Albian Cedar Mountain Formation (Ruby Ranch Member); this indicates that the flexural component of the foreland basin began in Late Aptian or later.The final stage of Early Cretaceous thrust-belt unroofing is recognized with deposition of the San Pitch Formation on proximal axial rivers in an actively subsiding foredeep depozone during latest Albian time.
Author: Cody John Stopka
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 500
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The Cordilleran foreland basin is located in the western part of North America and stretches from the Canadian Arctic to parts of southern Mexico and was active from the Late Jurassic to Late Cretaceous. Presented here are U-Pb detrital zircon ages, sandstone modal composition, and paleocurrent measurements from Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian- Campanian) nonmarine strata of the Dakota Sandstone, Tres Hermanos Formation, and Crevasse Canyon Formation (Lower Member and Ash Canyon Member) located in the southernmost portions of the Sevier foreland basin in southern New Mexico. The Dakota Sandstone is dominated by monocrystalline quartz (84%) with volcanic and metamorphic lithic grains (15%). Paleoflow trends show east-directed (108°) to northeast-directed flow (50°). Detrital zircon age peaks occur at 1732, 1651, 1416, 1050, 626, 412, 230, and 103 Ma. The Tres Hermanos Formation is composed primarily of monocrystalline quartz (63%) with volcanic and metamorphic lithic grains (27%). Paleoflow trends predominantly reflect east-directed (93-109°) and southeast-directed (166°) flow. Peak detrital zircon ages occur at 1709, 1420, 1085, 169, and 94 Ma. The Lower Member of the Crevasse Canyon Formation is composed of monocrystalline quartz (50%) along with volcanic and metamorphic lithic grains (41%). Paleoflow trends show primarily east-directed flow (100°). Detrital zircon age peaks occur at 1702, 1420, 1067, 167, and 91 Ma. The Ash Canyon Member of the Crevasse Canyon Formation is composed of monocrystalline quartz (48%) with volcanic and metamorphic lithic grains (46%). Paleoflow trends show a east- to southeast-directed flow (108-118°). Peak detrital zircon ages were determined to be 1682, 1415, 1108, 169 and 90 Ma. Precambrian to Paleozoic zircons overlap in age with the Yavapai, Mazatzal, Granite-Rhyolite, and Grenville provinces (and age-equivalent ~1.0 Ga rocks), and recycled Neoproterozoic and Early Paleozoic detritus from Mesozoic eolianites of the southwest United States. Permian to Triassic age detritus overlap in age with granitoid rocks that outcrop in California and Arizona. Jurassic to Cretaceous age zircons overlap with the mid-Mesozoic Cordilleran magmatic arc and the Sierra Nevada batholith. Based on the provenance trends summarized above, a sediment dispersal model is favored where the Dakota Sandstone was derived largely from recycled Lower Cretaceous strata of the Bisbee Rift of southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico (present-day Mogollon highlands). Overlying strata of the Tres Hermanos and Crevasse Canyon Formations were sourced primarily from Jurassic-Cretaceous parts of the Cordilleran arc with secondary contributions from recycled strata of the Bisbee Rift and possible the McCoy basin of southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico.
Author: John S. MacLean
Publisher: Geological Society of America
ISBN: 0813725224
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 400
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With its thickness of more than 15 km of strata, covering some 200,000 km2, the Belt basin displays one of the planet's largest, best-exposed, most accessible, and best-preserved sequences of Mesoproterozoic sedimentary and igneous rocks. This volume focuses on research into this world-class province; kindles ideas about this critical era of Earth evolution; and covers aspects of the basin from its paleontology, mineralogy, sedimentology, and stratigraphy to its magmatism, ore deposits, geophysics, and structural geology.
Author: Alan L. Titus
Publisher: Indiana University Press
ISBN: 0253008964
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 657
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The Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument is the location of one of the best-known terrestrial records for the late Cretaceous. Prior fieldwork confirmed the richness of the area, but a major effort begun in the new century has documented over 2,000 new vertebrate fossil sites, provided new radiometric dates, and identified five new genera of ceratopsids, two new species of hadrosaur, a probable new genus of hypsilophodontid, new pachycephalosaurs and ankylosaurs, several kinds of theropods (including a new genus of oviraptor and a new tyrannosaur), plus the most complete specimen of a Late Cretaceous therizinosaur ever collected from North America, and much more. The research documented in this book is rewriting our understanding of Late Cretaceous paleobiogeography and dinosaur phyletics. At the Top of the Grand Staircase: The Late Cretaceous of Southern Utah is a major stepping stone toward a total synthesis of the ecology and evolution of the Late Cretaceous ecosystems of western North America.
Author: Geological Association of Canada
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geology
Languages : en
Pages : 544
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Author: Alex L. Mankin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 89
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Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and sandstone petrography are studied to constrain the provenance of middle Cenozoic fluvial sandstone in the Central Rocky Mountains. Petrographic point counting of 12 sandstone samples show immature compositions, and combined recycled orogen provenance of the proximal Laramide uplifts and magmatic arc provenance of the distal middle Cenozoic magmatism in western and southwestern North America. A total of 670 detrital zircon U-Pb ages show a 17-44 Ma population, derived from the distal middle Cenozoic magmatism, and populations of 45-218 Ma, 220-708 Ma, 948-1326 Ma, 1332-1816 Ma, and 1825-3314 Ma, derived or recycled from the Precambrian basement cores and the Phanerozoic sedimentary rocks on the flanks of the local Laramide uplifts. Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology also yield maximum depositional ages between 37.8±1.1 Ma and 27.3±1.1 Ma for seven sandstone samples. These ages are generally consistent with the available radiometric ages of tuff beds and magnetostratigraphic ages.
Author: María Daniela Muñoz Granados
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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"An integrated analysis of detrital zircon geochronology, clast counting, trace element concentration in zircons and zircon typology was done to get an understanding of the Gualanday Group provenance. Detrital zircon geochronology applied to the Gualanday Group sandstones provide accurate ages of the sources that fed this late Eocene - Paleocene molasse. The main peaks obtained are Precambrian, Jurassic, early and late Cretaceous. Other minor peaks of Triassic and Permian age were also identified. Clast counting gave a consent on which Gualanday Group conglomerate was sampled for this study, which were the Doima (upper) and Chicoral (lower) Formations. The trace element analysis on zircons were applied using REE diagrams, U vs. Yb, U/Yb vs. Hf and U/Yb vs. Y discrimination diagrams. This data, integrated with a typology analysis of the zircons according to their age, gave us crucial information on the type of rock in which the zircon has crystallized in and the sedimentological process that it has been through. The analysis showed that the sources of the Gualanday Group were mainly granitoid. The early Cretaceous sources are discussed and interpreted as Mariquita Stock; late Cretaceous sources are interpreted as Antioquia Batholith; Jurassic as Ibagué Batholith and/or Saldaña formation; Permo-Triassic as anatexis granitoids in Cajamarca Complex, such as Stock del Buey; Precambrian as the redeposited zircons (from the Cretaceous sedimentary cover) that chrystallized in the Greenvillian and Panafrican orogenies and are par of the Guyana Shield and Amazonian Craton. As a result, a palinspastic reconstruction map for the late Eocene - Oligocene is proposed based on the results of this study and from other authors. In this model the tectonic blocks situated west of the Upper Magdalena Valley, in which the Antioquia Batholith is, are in more meridional latitudes."--Tomado del Formato de Documento de Grado.
Author: Thomas R. Lovell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 178
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Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and thin-section petrology of core samples taken from onshore Alabama and offshore federal lease blocks, including Destin Dome, Pensacola, and Mobile, constrain sediment provenance for the Upper Jurassic Norphlet Formation in the eastern Gulf of Mexico. Previous research of the Norphlet Fm. in onshore Alabama suggests that sediments near onshore areas of Alabama originated from metamorphic rocks of the Talladega slate belt and Piedmont. This study provides evidence that the Gondwanan Suwannee terrane is another potential source for the Norphlet Fm. in the EGOM. This study determined U-Pb ages for 1111 detrital zircons from 13 Norphlet Fm. core and cutting samples were determined using LA-ICPMS. The Norphlet Fm. yields four major U-Pb age ranges: 197.9 - 350 Ma, 350 - 770 Ma, 800 - 1650 Ma, and 1650 - 3390 Ma. These ages correspond with known U-Pb ages of source terranes common to Laurentia, including the Grenville (950 - 1300 Ma), (Granite-Rhyolite (1350 - 1550 Ma), Yavapai-Matzatzal (1650 - 1750 Ma), Penokean (1800 - 1900 Ma), and Superior Provinces (>2500 Ma). U-Pb ages also reveal sourcing from the Gondwanan Suwannee Terrane (540 - 580 Ma and 2000 - 2200 Ma). This study establishes four geochronologic source terranes: the ancient Appalachian Mountains, the Appalachian foreland basin, Mesozoic rift basins, and the Suwannee Terrane. Ten samples from onshore Alabama yield detrital zircon U-Pb ages characteristic of Laurentian sources (Appalachian mountains and Appalachian foreland basin), whereas two offshore samples yield characteristic Gondwanan (Suwannee Terrane) ages. Four samples located adjacent to the Mesozoic rift basin reveal ages characteristic of both Laurentia and Gondwana - indicating an area of sediment mixing during the late Jurassic. Twelve thin-sections taken from 9 cores in the onshore and state waters areas were point counted for 400 grains each for compositional analysis. Petrolographic analyses reveal plagioclase and potassium feldspars, polycrystalline quartz, metamorphic and volcanic lithic fragments as dominant grain types. Petrologic data corroborate that onshore Alabama samples were sourced by recycled orogenic and cratonic rocks of Laurentia and southern samples were sourced by less mature sources characteristic of a rift basin (Mesozoic rift basins). A paleogeographic reconstruction illustrates sediment being distributed from Laurentian and Gondwanan sources via alluvial, fluvial, eolian, and marine depositional environments.
Author: Paul Karl Link
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geological time
Languages : en
Pages : 10
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