PROTEINS INVOLVED IN PHAGE LAMBDA TRANSCRIPTION ANTITERMINATION (RIBOSOME, NUS GENES, RNA POLYMERASE). PDF Download
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Author: ALAN THOMAS SCHAUER
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 103
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Book Description
ribosome in the regulation of phage transcription.
Author: ALAN THOMAS SCHAUER
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 103
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Book Description
ribosome in the regulation of phage transcription.
Author: Hwai-Chen Guo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bacterial proteins
Languages : en
Pages : 654
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Book Description
Author: Alan T. Schauer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 14
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Book Description
Coliphage ambda gene expression is regulated temporally by systems of termination and antitermination of transcription. The lambda-encoded N protein (pN) acting with host factors (Nus) at sites (nut) located downstream from early promoters is the first of these systems to operate during phage development. We report observations on some of the components of this complex system that, in part, address the way in which these elements interact to render RNA polymerase termination-resistant. (1) The isolation of a conditionally lethal cold-sensitive nusA mutation demonstrates that NusA is essential for bacterial growth. (2) The effect on lambda growth in a host in which the Salmonella NusA protein is overproduced suggests that NusA is essential for N-mediated antitermination in phage lambda (3) A truncated NusA product, representing only the amino two-thirds of the native protein, is active for both bacterial growth and pN action, indicating that the carboxy end of the molecule may not be a functionally important region (4) lambdapN can function with the heterologous nut region from Salmonella typhimurium phage P22 when lambda pN is overproduced, demonstrating that lambda pN can function with the nut regions of other lambdoid phages. (5) A single base-pair change in the lambda nutR boxA sequence that was selected to permit a lambda derivative to utilize the Salmonella NusA protein restores lambda growth in the Escherichia colinusA1 host. (Reprints).
Author: Xianjie Yang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bacteriophage lambda
Languages : en
Pages : 446
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Author: Mark Steven Kainz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 356
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Author: Heeyoun Bunch
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Controlled gene expression in phage [lamda] is a model of transcription regulation which is mainly mediated by transcription factors to activate or repress E. coli RNA polymerase (RNAP). They switch appropriate genes on or off, determining the lysogenic or lytic pathway of progeny phages. Q is a [lamda] late gene regulator that exerts antitermination for products of the pR' promoter. Previous studies presented exciting aspects of [lamda]Q modification of RNAP which cause dramatic changes in the protein under certain conditions. RNAP engaged with [lamda]Q escapes a [sigma]-mediated promoter proximal pause and overcomes an intrinsic terminator downstream of the pR' promoter. In addition, [lamda]Q alters RNAP dynamics, aiding faster elongation, fewer pauses, and resistance to both the intrinsic and [rho]-dependent termination. Although [lamda]Q-mediated antitermination was characterized with previous works as described above, the mechanism by which [lamda]Q exerts antitermination is still unclear. In order to uncover this mechanism, this study attempted to answer the fundamental question of where [lamda]Q interacts with RNAP. First, the two largest subunits of RNAP were systematically dissected to map a [lamda]Q binding region on RNAP. The results suggested a clustered region of three fragments of [beta] and [beta]' for [lamda]Q binding, and as small as 82 amino acids ([beta]600-681) within this region were identified to bind to [lamda]Q. Second, a potential [lamda]Q binding region of RNAP proposed by a previous study was evaluated in this study. Although the region is located in the surface domain of [beta]600- 681, mutational analyses targeting the region demonstrated little [lamda]Q binding. Third, twelve RNAP mutants that reduce [lamda]Q-mediated antitermination were identified, and they suggested four spatial regions of RNAP as critical for [lamda]Q antitermination. Finally, one of the RNAP mutants, [beta]K1073G, presented altered function of NusA, a transcription elongation factor, in [lamda]Q-mediated antitermination at the intrinsic terminator, providing evidence of cooperation between NusA and [lamda]Q antitermination.
Author: Walid El-Sharoud
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540749217
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 377
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Book Description
The application of new molecular methodologies in the study of bacterial behavior and cell architecture has enabled new revolutionary insights and discoveries in these areas. This new text presents recent developments in bacterial physiology that are highly relevant to a wide range of readership including those interested in basic and applied knowledge. Its chapters are written by international scientific authorities at the forefront of the subject. The value of this recent knowledge in bacterial physiology is not only restricted to fundamental biology. It also extends to biotechnology and drug-discovery disciplines.
Author: Tilman Heise
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781071602317
Category : Human genetics
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Book Description
This book provides a wide spectrum of methods to study RNA chaperones in vitro, at the single molecule level, and protocols useful for cell-based assays. Beginning with a section on a number of bacterial proteins for study, the volume also explores proteins from eukaryotic cells and how to delve into the complex interactions between RNA chaperones and the folding and unfolding of proteins. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, RNA Chaperones: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide for scientists and students interested in RNA biology and RNA chaperones. Chapter 3 is available Open Access under a CC-BY 4.0 license via link.springer.com.
Author: Richard Calendar
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0195148509
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 761
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Book Description
This authoritative, timely, and comprehensively referenced compendium on the bacteriophages explores current views of how viruses infect bacteria. In combination with classical phage molecular genetics, new structural, genomic, and single-molecule technologies have rendered an explosion in our knowledge of phages. Bacteriophages, the most abundant and genetically diverse type of organism in the biosphere, were discovered at the beginning of the 20th century and enjoyed decades of used as anti-bacterial agents before being eclipsed by the antibiotic era. Since 1988, phages have come back into the spotlight as major factors in pathogenesis, bacterial evolution, and ecology. This book reveals their compelling elegence of function and their almost inconceivable diversity.Much of the founding work in molecular biology and structural biology was done on bacteriophages. These are widely used in molecular biology research and in biotechnology, as probes and markers, and in the popular method of assesing gene expression.
Author: Uldis N. Streips
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471461083
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 673
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Book Description
In accordance with its predecessor, the completely revised and expanded Second Edition of Modern Microbial Genetics focuses on how bacteria and bacteriophage arrange and rearrange their genetic material through mutation, evolution, and genetic exchange to take optimal advantage of their environment. The text is divided into three sections: DNA Metabolism, Genetic Response, and Genetic Exchange. The first addresses how DNA replicates, repairs itself, and recombines, as well as how it may be manipulated. The second section is devoted to how microorganisms interact with their environment, including chapters on sporulation and stress shock, and the final section contains the latest information on classic exchange mechanisms such as transformation and conjugation. Chapters include: * Gene Expression and Its Regulation * Single-Stranded DNA Phages * Genetic Tools for Dissecting Motility and Development of Myxococcus xanthus * Molecular Mechanism of Quorum Sensing * Transduction in Gram-Negative Bacteria * Genetic Approaches in Bacteria with No Natural Genetic Systems The editors also cultivate an attention to global regulatory systems throughout the book, elucidating how certain genes and operons in bacteria, defined as regulons, network and cooperate to suit the needs of the bacterial cell. With clear appreciation for the impact of molecular genomics, this completely revised and updated edition proves that Modern Microbial Genetics remains the benchmark text in its field.
