Progress and Prejudice in Cosmic Ray Physics until 2006

Progress and Prejudice in Cosmic Ray Physics until 2006 PDF Author: Antonio Codino
Publisher: Società Editrice Esculapio
ISBN: 8874889186
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 136

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Book Description
The cosmic radiation is a rain of atomic nuclei and electrons which continuously cross any region of the Milky Way Galaxy, and in particular, the Earth surface. The energies of the cosmic particles range from those of the quiescent matter up to the maximum energies observed in Nature, which presently are about ten thousand times higher than those produced in terrestrial laboratories by the most powerful particle accelerators. In the last years, following the measurements of some experiments, almost all the fundamental ideas and theories on the cosmic radiation recurrent in the literature have been proved to be inadequate to describe the experimental data. This booklet reports a survey of some new ideas and calculations to account for the observed characteristic features of the cosmic radiation along with a critical examination of the experimental data which prompted a scientific revolution in Cosmic Ray Physics.

Progress and Prejudice in Cosmic Ray Physics until 2006

Progress and Prejudice in Cosmic Ray Physics until 2006 PDF Author: Antonio Codino
Publisher: Società Editrice Esculapio
ISBN: 8874889186
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 136

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Book Description
The cosmic radiation is a rain of atomic nuclei and electrons which continuously cross any region of the Milky Way Galaxy, and in particular, the Earth surface. The energies of the cosmic particles range from those of the quiescent matter up to the maximum energies observed in Nature, which presently are about ten thousand times higher than those produced in terrestrial laboratories by the most powerful particle accelerators. In the last years, following the measurements of some experiments, almost all the fundamental ideas and theories on the cosmic radiation recurrent in the literature have been proved to be inadequate to describe the experimental data. This booklet reports a survey of some new ideas and calculations to account for the observed characteristic features of the cosmic radiation along with a critical examination of the experimental data which prompted a scientific revolution in Cosmic Ray Physics.

Progress and Prejudice in Cosmic Ray Phisics Until 2006

Progress and Prejudice in Cosmic Ray Phisics Until 2006 PDF Author: Antonio Codino
Publisher:
ISBN: 9788874886753
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description


How electrostatic fields generated by cosmic rays cause the expansion of the nearby universe

How electrostatic fields generated by cosmic rays cause the expansion of the nearby universe PDF Author: Antonio Codino
Publisher: Società Editrice Esculapio
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 239

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Book Description
The positive electric charge transported by the cosmic radiation while migrating from the interiors of galaxy clusters toward the outer intergalactic space, slowly but inevitably, uncovers a negative electric charge of the same amount inside galaxy clusters, where it is mostly retained. Electrons constitute the negative electric charge inside galaxy clusters. The negative charge and the positive one of the overflowed cosmic nuclei in the intergalactic space cannot be neutralized due to the separating, huge distances. After time intervals of a few billion years, electrostatic repulsion among galaxy clusters initiates to contrast gravity and, at longer time spans, dominates. The electrostatic repulsion among galaxy clusters, which always store negative electric charges, determines in a few billion years, a general receding motion of cosmic matter, including smaller celestial bodies dragged in by galaxy clusters. It will be proved that the general receding motion of cosmic matter occurs with increasing velocities of galaxy clusters as far as the corresponding distances from the Earth augment.

The ubiquitous mechanism accelerating cosmic rays at all the energies

The ubiquitous mechanism accelerating cosmic rays at all the energies PDF Author: Antonio Codino
Publisher: Società Editrice Esculapio
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 297

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Book Description
The mechanism accelerating Cosmic rays in the milky way galaxy and galaxy clusters is identified and described. The acceleration of Cosmic rays is a purely electrostatic process which operate up to the maximum energies of 1023 ev in galaxy clusters. Galactic Cosmic rays are accelerated in a pervasive electrostatic field active in the whole galaxy except in restricted regions shielded by Interstellar and stellar plasma as, for instance, the region occupied by the Solar system. It is proved that the Energy spectrum of the Cosmic radiation in the milky way galaxy, in the region where the Solar system resides, has a constant Spectral index comprised between 2.64-2.68 and the maximum energies of galactic protons are 3.0 × 1019 ev. The agreement of these results with the experimental data is discussed in detail and highlighted. The various physical processes that maintain the stability of the electrostatic structure in the milky way galaxy are the same that generate the galactic magnetic field. Accordingly, the intensity, orientation and direction of the galactic magnetic field are evaluated. The results of the calculation are compared with the observation data, optical and mostly radio astronomi data. The accord of the intensity, orientation and direction of the observed magnetic field with calculation is excellent.

A Project to Find the Fundamental Theory of Physics

A Project to Find the Fundamental Theory of Physics PDF Author: Stephen Wolfram
Publisher: Wolfram Media
ISBN: 9781579550356
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
The Wolfram Physics Project is a bold effort to find the fundamental theory of physics. It combines new ideas with the latest research in physics, mathematics and computation in the push to achieve this ultimate goal of science. Written with Stephen Wolfram's characteristic expository flair, this book provides a unique opportunity to learn about a historic initiative in science right as it is happening. A Project to Find the Fundamental Theory of Physics includes an accessible introduction to the project as well as core technical exposition and rich, never-before-seen visualizations.

A New Kind of Science

A New Kind of Science PDF Author: Stephen Wolfram
Publisher: Wolfram Media
ISBN: 9781579550257
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 1193

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Book Description
NOW IN PAPERBACK"€"Starting from a collection of simple computer experiments"€"illustrated in the book by striking computer graphics"€"Stephen Wolfram shows how their unexpected results force a whole new way of looking at the operation of our universe.

Modern Physics and Ancient Faith

Modern Physics and Ancient Faith PDF Author: Stephen M. Barr
Publisher: University of Notre Dame Pess
ISBN: 0268158053
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 476

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Book Description
A considerable amount of public debate and media print has been devoted to the “war between science and religion.” In his accessible and eminently readable new book, Stephen M. Barr demonstrates that what is really at war with religion is not science itself, but a philosophy called scientific materialism. Modern Physics and Ancient Faith argues that the great discoveries of modern physics are more compatible with the central teachings of Christianity and Judaism about God, the cosmos, and the human soul than with the atheistic viewpoint of scientific materialism. Scientific materialism grew out of scientific discoveries made from the time of Copernicus up to the beginning of the twentieth century. These discoveries led many thoughtful people to the conclusion that the universe has no cause or purpose, that the human race is an accidental by-product of blind material forces, and that the ultimate reality is matter itself. Barr contends that the revolutionary discoveries of the twentieth century run counter to this line of thought. He uses five of these discoveries—the Big Bang theory, unified field theories, anthropic coincidences, Gödel’s Theorem in mathematics, and quantum theory—to cast serious doubt on the materialist’s view of the world and to give greater credence to Judeo-Christian claims about God and the universe. Written in clear language, Barr’s rigorous and fair text explains modern physics to general readers without oversimplification. Using the insights of modern physics, he reveals that modern scientific discoveries and religious faith are deeply consonant. Anyone with an interest in science and religion will find Modern Physics and Ancient Faith invaluable.

Understanding Space-Time

Understanding Space-Time PDF Author: Robert DiSalle
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9781139452663
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 204

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Book Description
Presenting the history of space-time physics, from Newton to Einstein, as a philosophical development DiSalle reflects our increasing understanding of the connections between ideas of space and time and our physical knowledge. He suggests that philosophy's greatest impact on physics has come about, less by the influence of philosophical hypotheses, than by the philosophical analysis of concepts of space, time and motion, and the roles they play in our assumptions about physical objects and physical measurements. This way of thinking leads to interpretations of the work of Newton and Einstein and the connections between them. It also offers ways of looking at old questions about a priori knowledge, the physical interpretation of mathematics, and the nature of conceptual change. Understanding Space-Time will interest readers in philosophy, history and philosophy of science, and physics, as well as readers interested in the relations between physics and philosophy.

God and the Folly of Faith

God and the Folly of Faith PDF Author: Victor J. Stenger
Publisher: Prometheus Books
ISBN: 1616145994
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 412

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Book Description
Looking at both historical and contemporary contexts, the author argues that religion has played a major role in suppressing scientific pursuit.

The Perfect Theory

The Perfect Theory PDF Author: Pedro G. Ferreira
Publisher: HMH
ISBN: 0547554907
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 309

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Book Description
“One of the best popular accounts of how Einstein and his followers have been trying to explain the universe for decades” (Kirkus Reviews, starred review). Physicists have been exploring, debating, and questioning the general theory of relativity ever since Albert Einstein first presented it in 1915. This has driven their work to unveil the universe’s surprising secrets even further, and many believe more wonders remain hidden within the theory’s tangle of equations, waiting to be exposed. In this sweeping narrative of science and culture, an astrophysicist brings general relativity to life through the story of the brilliant physicists, mathematicians, and astronomers who have taken up its challenge. For these scientists, the theory has been both a treasure trove and an enigma. Einstein’s theory, which explains the relationships among gravity, space, and time, is possibly the most perfect intellectual achievement of modern physics—yet studying it has always been a controversial endeavor. Relativists were the target of persecution in Hitler’s Germany, hounded in Stalin’s Russia, and disdained in 1950s America. Even today, PhD students are warned that specializing in general relativity will make them unemployable. Still, general relativity has flourished, delivering key insights into our understanding of the origin of time and the evolution of all the stars and galaxies in the cosmos. Its adherents have revealed what lies at the farthest reaches of the universe, shed light on the smallest scales of existence, and explained how the fabric of reality emerges. Dark matter, dark energy, black holes, and string theory are all progeny of Einstein’s theory. In the midst of a momentous transformation in modern physics, as scientists look farther and more clearly into space than ever before, The Perfect Theory exposes the greater relevance of general relativity, showing us where it started, where it has led—and where it can still take us.