Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) PDF Download
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Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240002707
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
WHO estimates that in 2015, 257 million people were living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection worldwide, and that 900 000 had died from HBV infection, mostly as a result of cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Most HBV-associated deaths among adults are secondary to infections acquired at birth or in the first five years of life. In May 2016, the World Health Assembly endorsed the Global health sector strategy on viral hepatitis, which calls for the elimination of viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030 (defined as a 90% reduction in incidence of new infections and a 65% reduction in mortality). Elimination of HBV infection as a public health threat requires a reduction in the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) to below 0.1% in children 5 years of age. This can be achieved through universal immunization of newborns against hepatitis B and other interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HBV. These guidelines provide evidence-based guidance on the use of peripartum antiviral prophylaxis in HBsAg-positive pregnant women for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HBV.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240002707
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 58
Get Book Here
Book Description
WHO estimates that in 2015, 257 million people were living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection worldwide, and that 900 000 had died from HBV infection, mostly as a result of cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Most HBV-associated deaths among adults are secondary to infections acquired at birth or in the first five years of life. In May 2016, the World Health Assembly endorsed the Global health sector strategy on viral hepatitis, which calls for the elimination of viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030 (defined as a 90% reduction in incidence of new infections and a 65% reduction in mortality). Elimination of HBV infection as a public health threat requires a reduction in the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) to below 0.1% in children 5 years of age. This can be achieved through universal immunization of newborns against hepatitis B and other interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HBV. These guidelines provide evidence-based guidance on the use of peripartum antiviral prophylaxis in HBsAg-positive pregnant women for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HBV.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Antiviral agents
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309438020
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 187
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Book Description
Hepatitis B and C cause most cases of hepatitis in the United States and the world. The two diseases account for about a million deaths a year and 78 percent of world's hepatocellular carcinoma and more than half of all fatal cirrhosis. In 2013 viral hepatitis, of which hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are the most common types, surpassed HIV and AIDS to become the seventh leading cause of death worldwide. The world now has the tools to prevent hepatitis B and cure hepatitis C. Perfect vaccination could eradicate HBV, but it would take two generations at least. In the meantime, there is no cure for the millions of people already infected. Conversely, there is no vaccine for HCV, but new direct-acting antivirals can cure 95 percent of chronic infections, though these drugs are unlikely to reach all chronically-infected people anytime soon. This report, the first of two, examines the feasibility of hepatitis B and C elimination in the United States and identifies critical success factors. The phase two report will outline a strategy for meeting the elimination goals discussed in this report.
Author: Frederick J. Suchy
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108911374
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 875
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Book Description
Liver disease in children is increasing in prevalence, placing a huge burden on healthcare systems and often requiring long-term management. Offering an integrative approach to the science and clinical practice of pediatric hepatology, this is the definitive reference text for improved diagnosis and treatment strategies. In the new edition of this authoritative text, chapters have been thoroughly revised in line with major advances in the field, such as recognizing the increased frequency of fatty liver disease, and how genetic testing has the potential to establish earlier diagnoses for a variety of diseases. Disorders covered include cholestasis, metabolic disorders and hepatitis, with their presentation across the spectrum of infancy, childhood and adolescence discussed. The indications and surgical aspects of liver transplant are explained and post-transplant care is described in detail. This is a valuable resource for pediatricians, hepatologists, gastroenterologists and all clinicians involved in the care of children with liver diseases.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9789241549981
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Testing and diagnosis of hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) infection is the gateway for access to both prevention and treatment services, and is a crucial component of an effective response to the hepatitis epidemic. Early identification of persons with chronic HBV or HCV infection enables them to receive the necessary care and treatment to prevent or delay progression of liver disease. Testing also provides an opportunity to link people to interventions to reduce transmission, through counselling on risk behaviors and provision of prevention commodities (such as sterile needles and syringes) and hepatitis B vaccination. These are the first WHO guidelines on testing for chronic HBV and HCV infection and complement published guidance by WHO on the prevention, care and treatment of chronic hepatitis C and hepatitis B infection. These guidelines outline the public health approach to strengthening and expanding current testing practices for HBV and HCV, and are intended for use across age groups and populations.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9789241546010
Category : CD-ROMs
Languages : en
Pages : 364
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Book Description
"The Guide, in Part I, begins with a brief description of generalized CEA and how it relates to the two questions raised above. It then considers issues relating to study design, estimating costs, assessing health effects, discounting, uncertainty and sensitivity analysis, and reporting results. Detailed discussions of selected technical issues and applications are provided in a series of background papers, originally published in journals, but included in this book for easy reference in Part II." (from the back cover).
Author: King K. Holmes
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464805253
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1027
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Book Description
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240086781
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 22
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Book Description
Triple elimination of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B virus (HBV) requires a person- centred service delivery approach that meets the needs of and supports the rights of women, newborns, children and families and requires building cross-programmatic efficiencies that leverage and strengthen existing platforms for HIV, syphilis and HBV prevention, testing, treatment and care. With the recent release of guidance for validation of triple elimination and the 2023 guidance on country validation of viral hepatitis elimination and the path to elimination, WHO and partners have developed an accompanying 4 pillars framework for triple elimination implementation. The new framework will guide efforts to expand the focus of service delivery from elimination of MTCT of HIV to triple elimination of HIV, syphilis and HBV. The 4 pillars are: 1. Primary prevention of infection and vertical transmission; 2. SRH linkages and integration; 3. Essential maternal EMTCT services; and 4. Infant, child and partner services.
Author: World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Western Pacific
Publisher: WHO
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Book Description
In the Western Pacific Region mother-to-child transmission at birth plays a very important role in hepatitis B epidemiology. Approximately 3% to 5% of infants born in the Region will acquire chronic hepatitis B infection at birth if not immunized immediately after delivery. It is hoped that these guidelines for developing and implementing operational strategies for increased coverage of the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine within 24 hours of birth will help reduce mother-to-child transmission of the disease.
Author: Mei-Hwei Chang
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 981130050X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 227
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Book Description
This book is aimed to emphasize the rationale and importance of prevention and management of viral hepatitis in children, providing cutting edge knowledge. Viral hepatitis is a major health problem in the world. Although most complications of viral hepatitis are observed in adults, primary infection with hepatitis viruses often occurs during infancy or childhood. To better control viral hepatitis, prevention and therapy if possible should be started in childhood. This book offers updated and unique information about viral hepatitis in children, which has vitally important impact on global disease outcome and control, yet not discussed as frequently as viral hepatitis in adults in previous medical literature. Better prevention and management strategies are covered, starting from infancy and childhood, and even earlier during fetal life. It will be very helpful for better control of viral hepatitis both for daily practice and for developing future strategies and directions. If we can successfully control viral hepatitis in children, there will be very little remaining chronic hepatitis and related complications such as liver cirrhosis or hepatoma in adults. We hope readers, including medical students, researchers, pediatricians, family medicine physicians, infectious disease personnel, public health workers, gastroenterologists, hepatologists and parents of children with chronic hepatitis, will be benefited by reading this book.
