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Author: Martin Ravallion
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Household surveys
Languages : en
Pages : 59
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Book Description
Because of sustained growth in average real consumption, a modest improvement in overall equity, and gains to the rural sector -- particularly the poorest of the poor -- poverty and undernutrition continued to be alleviated during Indonesia's recent period of macroeconomic adjustment.
Author: Martin Ravallion
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Household surveys
Languages : en
Pages : 59
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Book Description
Because of sustained growth in average real consumption, a modest improvement in overall equity, and gains to the rural sector -- particularly the poorest of the poor -- poverty and undernutrition continued to be alleviated during Indonesia's recent period of macroeconomic adjustment.
Author: Library of Congress
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Indonesia
Languages : en
Pages : 1180
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Author: World Bank
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
This report assesses trends in the level and the regional incidence of poverty as well as changes in income inequality. It examines the characteristics of the poor and outlines a general strategy for continuing poverty reduction in the 1990s. In addition, recent Government initiatives to reduce poverty are analyzed in the context of the proposed general strategic approach. Then, the report discusses in detail sectoral issues in designing and implementing antipoverty programs in three areas that are critical to the needs of the poor - agricultural programs, and human resource development in the social services and other basic services, such as water supply, sanitation and other basic infrastructure. Within these sectors, the report identifies those areas of most benefit to the poor and outlines appropriate policies and programs to shift a larger portion of resources to these areas. Finally, implementing the strategy outlined in this report will require changes in the Government's current institutional arrangements for identifying and implementing poverty programs. The report concludes with a discussion of institutional arrangements and responsibilities that could increase the efficiency of the Government's efforts. There is also a discussion of the role that community groups could play, in addition to Government institutions, in reaching and delivering services more effectively to the poor.
Author: Cecile T. David
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 170
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Book Description
Author: Muhammad Ghulam Quibria
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Asia
Languages : en
Pages : 808
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Book Description
Provides indepth accounts of rural poverty in seven developing countries.
Author: Frances Stewart
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134803710
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
The last decade has bought sharp adjustments and rising poverty to much of the developing world. The experiences of Africa and Latin America are contrasted with areas which were able to combine adjustment with protecting the poor.
Author: Michael Lipton
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 9780821326749
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 624
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Book Description
Explores the role of government policy in economic development in the Republic of Korea. The Republic of Korea has achieved economic success on many fronts. Real GNP has tripled every decade since the 1960s. A dynamic and flexible manufacturing sector now dominates the economy. The benefits of growth have been widely distributed, with a sharp decrease in poverty. This study, like others in the series, seeks to draw lessons from such success and to identify and analyze the policies behind this strong economic performance. Koreas development strategy and macroeconomic performance are outlined in Part I. Several factors are seen to underlie strong growth, including the maintenance of a stable macroenvironment, flexible and pragmatic policies, and investment in infrastructure and human capital. Part II assesses the role played by industrial policy since 1961. Particular attention is given to the Heavy and Chemical Industry (HCI) drive, launched in 1973 to diversify and upgrade Koreas industrial sector. The authors note that while the HCI has been largely successful, it also has been very costly, particularly to the financial sector. Part III outlines the role of institutions and the close relationships among the government, the bureaucracy, and business. The key to Koreas rapid development, according to the authors, was the governments commitment to growth and its early focus on equity and wide distribution of the gains from growth. The authors also laud the efficiency and effectiveness of Koreas public and private sector institutions, which they see as models for all developing nations.
Author: Erik Thorbecke
Publisher: Development Centre of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ; [Washington, D.C. : OECD Publications and Information Centre
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
Author: Ravi Kanbur
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Abstract: August 1995 - In urban areas of Côte d'Ivoire, human capital is the endowment that best explains welfare changes over time. In rural areas, physical capital - especially the amount of land and farm equipment owned - matters most. Empirical investigations of poverty in developing countries tend to focus on the incidence of poverty at a particular point in time. If the incidence of poverty increases, however, there is no information about how many new poor have joined the existing poor and how many people have escaped poverty. Yet this distinction is of crucial policy importance. The chronically poor may need programs to enhance their human and physical capital endowments. Invalids and the very old may need permanent (targeted) transfers. The temporarily poor, on the other hand, may best be helped with programs that complement their own resources and help them bridge a difficult period. Results from analyses of panel surveys show significant mobility into and out of poverty and reveal a dynamism of the poor that policy should stimulate. Understanding what separates chronic from temporary poverty requires knowing which characteristics differentiate those who escape poverty from those who don't. In earlier work, Grootaert, Kanbur, and Oh found that region of residence and socioeconomic status were important factors. In this paper they investigate the role of other household characteristics, especially such asset endowments as human and physical capital, in the case of Côte d'Ivoire. In urban areas of Côte d'Ivoire, human capital is the most important endowment explaining welfare changes over time. Households with well-educated members suffered less loss of welfare than other households. What seems to have mattered, though, is the skills learned through education, not the diplomas obtained. Diplomas may even have worked against some households in having oriented workers too much toward a formal labor market in a time when employment growth came almost entirely from small enterprises. In rural areas, physical capital - especially the amount of land and farm equipment owned - mattered most. Smallholders were more likely to suffer welfare declines. Households with diversified sources of income managed better, especially if they had an important source of nonfarm income. In both rural and urban areas, larger households suffered greater declines in welfare and households that got larger were unable to increase income enough to maintain their former welfare level. Households whose heads worked in the public sector maintained welfare better than other households, a finding that confirms earlier observations. The results also suggest that government policies toward certain regions or types of household can outweigh the effects of household endownments. Surprisingly, migrant non-Ivorian households tended to be better at preventing welfare losses than Ivorian households, while households headed by women did better than those headed by men (after controlling for differences in or changes in endowment). The implications for policymakers? First, education is associated with higher welfare levels and helps people cope better with economic decline. Second, targeting the social safety net to larger households - possibly through the schools, to reach children - is justified in periods of decline. Third, smallholders might be targeted in rural areas, and ways found to encourage diversification of income there. This paper - a joint product of the Social Policy and Resettlement Division, Environment Department, and the Africa Regional Office, Office of the Chief Economist - is the result of a research project on The Dynamics of Poverty: Why Some People Escape Poverty and Others Don't, A Panel Analysis for Côte d'Ivoire (RPO 678-70).
Author: Martin Ravallion
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
