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Author: Carole Rawcliffe
Publisher: Premodern Crime and Punishment
ISBN: 9789462985193
Category : Community development, Urban
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This book addresses the ways in which authorities across Western Europe attempted to control urban space for the common good and how the wider population responded to these initiatives.
Author: Carole Rawcliffe
Publisher: Premodern Crime and Punishment
ISBN: 9789462985193
Category : Community development, Urban
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This book addresses the ways in which authorities across Western Europe attempted to control urban space for the common good and how the wider population responded to these initiatives.
Author: Martin Christ
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040153267
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 153
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Book Description
Through a range of case studies, this book traces how death shaped cities, and vice versa. It argues that by focusing on death and the city, we can open up new avenues of research into religious, political and cultural change. Dying in a city was significantly different from dying in a village or the countryside. Cities and towns were centres of commerce and learning, shaping discourses on death. The importance of urban centres meant that events had a large audience there, for example when people were executed. Urban diversity led to a wide variety of deathways, which also had to be regulated by urban magistrates. The placement of dead bodies and the urban arrangement of cemeteries were related to the high population density in towns, urban hygiene and religious changes, such as the Reformation. The fact that many cities were seats of power had a direct impact on the design of necropolises and the performance of funerary rituals. It was also in urban centres that religious, ethnic and cultural diversity tended to be more pronounced, leading to compromise and conflict when it came to burials and commemoration. Considering death and the city can therefore help us understand much broader processes of dying, urbanity and change over time. This book is essential reading for all students and academics of death in the premodern period. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Mortality.
Author: Janna Coomans
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108923909
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 351
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Book Description
By exploring the uniquely dense urban network of the Low Countries, Janna Coomans debunks the myth of medieval cities as apathetic towards filth and disease. Based on new archival research and adopting a bio-political and spatial-material approach, Coomans traces how cities developed a broad range of practices to protect themselves and fight disease. Urban societies negotiated challenges to their collective health in the face of social, political and environmental change, transforming ideas on civic duties and the common good. Tasks were divided among different groups, including town governments, neighbours and guilds, and affected a wide range of areas, from water, fire and food, to pigs, prostitutes and plague. By studying these efforts in the round, Coomans offers new comparative insights and bolsters our understanding of the importance of population health and the physical world - infrastructures, flora and fauna - in governing medieval cities.
Author: Claire Weeda
Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
ISBN: 1914049012
Category : Ethnicity
Languages : en
Pages : 357
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Book Description
An investigation into how racial stereotypes were created and used in the European Middle Ages. Students in twelfth-century Paris held slanging matches, branding the English drunkards, the Germans madmen and the French as arrogant. On crusade, army recruits from different ethnic backgrounds taunted each other's military skills. Men producing ethnography in monasteries and at court drafted derogatory descriptions of peoples dwelling in territories under colonisation, questioning their work ethic, social organisation, religious devotion and humanness. Monks listed and ruminated on the alleged traits of Jews, Saracens, Greeks, Saxons and Britons and their acceptance or rejection of Christianity. In this radical new approach to representations of nationhood in medieval western Europe, the author argues that ethnic stereotypes were constructed and wielded rhetorically to justify property claims, flaunt military strength and assert moral and cultural ascendance over others. The gendered images of ethnicity in circulation reflect a negotiation over self-representations of discipline, rationality and strength, juxtaposed with the alleged chaos and weakness of racialised others. Interpreting nationhood through a religious lens, monks and schoolmen explained it as scientifically informed by environmental medicine, an ancient theory that held that location and climate influenced the physical and mental traits of peoples. Drawing on lists of ethnic character traits, school textbooks, medical treatises, proverbs, poetry and chronicles, this book shows that ethnic stereotypes served as rhetorical tools of power, crafting relationships within communities and towards others.
Author: Franz X. Eder
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1350341088
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 537
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Book Description
How did sexual relationships work before, in and outside of marriage in the pre-modern era? What problems did contraception and sexually transmitted diseases pose? How did people deal with prostitution and pornography back then? What were the possibilities for same-sex and queer desire and practice? Using numerous examples and sources from across the continent, Sexuality in Premodern Europe shows that even in earlier centuries, sexual life had an elementary significance for the coexistence of couples and communities. It was just as decisive for how individuals saw themselves and others as it was for maintaining the social, economic and political order. Franz X. Eder interestingly emphasises the socio-historical view of sexuality, offering an apt foil for the cultural perspective which is so prevalent in the field. In this book, sexual behaviour is understood and thought about as social practice. From this vantage point, Eder deals with the function of the sexual in upbringing and socialization, its significance for the image of men and women, its role in marriage initiation, and the importance of sexual life for marital relationships and concubinage. Deviant and discriminated sexual forms such as prostitution, pornography and same-sex acts are also addressed throughout. The book explores the ways in which many people gained sexual experiences before, besides or beyond marriage, even if these experiences were forbidden in former societies. While research into the history of sexuality has so far dealt with such forms of the sexual primarily from the point of view of regulation and sanctioning, here they are understood as 'positive' practices that allowed people to understand and take ownership of their sexual desire.
Author: Lori Jones
Publisher: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
ISBN: 0228012996
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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Book Description
For centuries, recurrent plague outbreaks took a grim toll on populations across Europe and Asia. While medical interventions and treatments did not change significantly from the fourteenth century to the eighteenth century, understandings of where and how plague originated did. Through an innovative reading of medical advice literature produced in England and France, Patterns of Plague explores these changing perceptions across four centuries. When plague appeared in the Mediterranean region in 1348, physicians believed the epidemic’s timing and spread could be explained logically and the disease could be successfully treated. This confidence resulted in the widespread and long-term circulation of plague tracts, which described the causes and signs of the disease, offered advice for preventing infection, and recommended therapies in a largely consistent style. What, where, and especially who was blamed for plague outbreaks changed considerably, however, as political, religious, economic, intellectual, medical, and even publication circumstances evolved. Patterns of Plague sheds light on what was consistent about plague thinking and what was idiosyncratic to particular places and times, revealing the many factors that influence how people understand and respond to epidemic disease.
Author: John Theilmann
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000544613
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 333
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Book Description
Disease and Society in Premodern England examines the impact of infectious disease in England from the everyday to pandemics in the period c. 500–c. 1600, with the major focus from the eleventh century onward. Theilmann blends historical research, using a variety of primary sources, with an understanding of disease drawn from current scientific literature to enable a better understanding of how diseases affected society and why they were so difficult to combat in the premodern world. The volume provides a perspective on how society and medicine reacted to "new" diseases, something that remains an issue in the twenty-first century. The "new" diseases of the Late Middle Ages, such as plague, syphilis, and the English Sweat, are viewed as helping to lead to a change in how people viewed disease causation and treatment. In addition to the biology of disease and its relationship with environmental factors, the social, economic, political, religious, and artistic impacts of various diseases are also explored. With discussions on a variety of diseases including leprosy, tuberculosis, malaria, measles, typhus, influenza, and smallpox, this volume is an essential resource for all students and scholars interested in the history of medicine and disease in premodern England.
Author: Lori Jones
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 0429619294
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 237
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Book Description
This volume brings together environmental and human perspectives, engages with both historians and scientists, and, being mindful that environments and disease recognize no boundaries, includes studies that touch on Europe, the wider Mediterranean world, Asia, Africa, and the Americas. Disease and the Environment in the Medieval and Early Modern Worlds explores the intertwined relationships between humans, the natural and manmade environments, and disease. Urgency gives us a sense that we need a longer view of human responses and interactions with the airs, waters, and places in which we live, and a greater understanding of the activities and attitudes that have led us to the present. Through a series of new research studies, two salient questions are explored: What are the deeper patterns in thinking about disease and the environment? What can we know about the environmental and ecological parameters of emergent human diseases over a longer period – aspects of disease that contemporary persons were not able to know or understand in the way that we do today? The broad chronological and geographical approach makes this volume perfect for students and scholars interested in the history of disease, environment, and landscape in the medieval and early modern worlds.
Author: Danielle van den Heuvel
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000815773
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 242
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Book Description
For the first time, Early Modern Streets unites the diverse strands of scholarship on urban streets between circa 1450 and 1800 and tackles key questions on how early modern urban society was shaped and how this changed over time. Much of the lives of urban dwellers in early modern Europe were played out in city streets and squares. By exploring urban spaces in relation to themes such as politics, economies, religion, and crime, this edited collection shows that streets were not only places where people came together to work, shop, and eat, but also to fight, celebrate, show their devotion, and express their grievances. The volume brings together scholars from different backgrounds and applies new approaches and methodologies to the historical study of urban experience. In doing so, Early Modern Streets provides a comprehensive overview of one of the most dynamic fields of scholarship in early modern history. Accompanied by over 50 illustrations, Early Modern Streets is the perfect resource for all students and scholars interested in urban life in early modern Europe.
Author: Els Rose
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031485610
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 500
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Book Description
