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Author: Richard W. Eppley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
Author: Richard W. Eppley
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
Author: Murray D. Dailey
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 9780520075788
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 952
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Book Description
Here is a benchmark study of one significant stretch of the Pacific Ocean, the Southern California Bight. Extending from Point Conception to the Mexican border and out to the 200-mile limit, these waters have never before been investigated in such detail, from so many points of view, by such an eminent group of scientists. The twenty-five expert contributors summarize everything known about the physical, chemical, geological, and biological characteristics of the area in individual chapters; the volume concludes with a synthesis of the information presented. In addition, chapters are devoted to the influence of humans on the marine environment and to the various laws and governmental agencies concerned with protecting it. Because Southern California is so heavily populated and because the ocean is a major recreational area for its people, the information in this unique volume will be invaluable for the region's planners and decisionmakers as well as for all those who study the globe's marine resources and ecology.
Author: Christian Briseño-Avena
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781339091402
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 145
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Book Description
Phytoplankton and zooplankton are important components of marine ecosystems, and play a major role in the biological pump, affecting carbon transport in the global oceans. Their dynamic heterogeneous spatial and temporal distributions require special tools for observing them at the ecological scales relevant to the individual organisms. In this work, I used optic and acoustic methods to study plankton organisms at spatial scales of meters and temporal scales ranging from minutes to months. Using two in situ microscopes I described the fine-scale vertical distribution of phytoplankton and several zooplankton taxa in a coastal location in the Southern California Bight. Highly resolved spatial observations revealed cryptic maxima of fluorescent particles not observed with traditional fluorometers. Furthermore, this high sampling resolution revealed that water density, and not depth, regulated the vertical position, and interactions between observed phytoplankton and zooplankton distributions. Underwater acoustic echosounders can be powerful tools to observe in situ plankton distributions. Interpreting the acoustic echoes, however, requires highly calibrated instruments and ground-truthing experiments to identify the source of acoustic signals. This work presents the description of a novel combination of a broadband, high-frequency (1.5-2.5 MHz) echosounder and a stereoscopic camera --combined, these systems can localize the echo produced by an individual target while simultaneously providing visual identification of the target. This work has provided one of the first comparisons of in situ measured broadband target strength (BTS) and the expected signal using a physical model. The results of this experiment revealed unexpected, important differences between measured and modeled BTS. This system was also used to make in situ observations of individual fragile gelatinous organisms, marine snow particles and phytoplankton, providing evidence of their significant acoustic reflectivity. Finally, using a moored in situ microscope (Scripps Plankton Camera) similar in design to the O-Cam helped identifying a parasite-host interaction over a period of a few months. This is the first reported observation of Paradinium poucheti parasitizing Oithona similis in the North Pacific Ocean. The short time-series revealed that the prevalence of this parasite is higher than previously observed in other ocean basins.
Author: Southern California Ocean Studies Consortium
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coastal ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 906
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Author: Mary Ann Tiffany
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Algal blooms
Languages : en
Pages : 386
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Book Description
Restoration of the Salton Sea, a large salt lake in the desert area of southeastern California, is presently under consideration by state and federal agencies. It experiences wildly fluctuating fish populations, algal blooms and occasions of anoxia with toxic levels of hydrogen sulfide. Overturn events, caused by windstorms, occur from early summer to early fall leading to upwelling. These are associated with patches of bright green water with low oxygen and high sulfide levels in surface waters, called "green tides", and are visible by satellite. Orders of magnitude drops in both phytoplankton and zooplankton populations occur in these green waters. Phytoplankton was studied over the three years 1997-1999 as well as in fall 2005 during a "green tide" event. Major groups were dinoflagellates, diatoms, cryptomonads and a raphidophyte. A euglenoid was often abundant in green waters. Biovolume densities and chlorophyll a concentrations each year were highest in spring and lowest within green waters in August or September. An increase in abundance of large cells and colonial algae over the three years is attributed to a release in grazing pressure due to the decline in the planktivorous fish, tilapia. Ciliates were the major protozooplankters but usually accounted for less than half of the zooplankton in 1997-1999. Large ciliates increased in abundance over the three-year period, likely due to decreasing fish populations. An anaerobic ciliate, Sonderia sp., became abundant during the anoxic green water events. Anecdotal reports of "green tides" date back decades. Usually attributed to algal blooms, these are due to suspended microscopic gypsum crystals. Formed when sulfide-rich bottom waters mix into oxygen-rich surface waters, the crystals give a bright signal in the green waveband, and serve as an indicator of these sulfide irruptions. Gypsum blooms have been observed by satellite every year during 1979-1985 and 1998-2006, generally in summer or fall and in mid-lake, lasting days to a week or more. Their occurrences has been also been accompanied by mass mortalities of fish and have increased in intensity and duration since 2002 due to a decrease in fish populations and an increase in decomposition of organic matter at depth
Author: Rafael Arnaldo Olivieri
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Marine ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 352
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Author: Robert M Gillard
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ecological surveys
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
Author: Robert E. Stevenson
Publisher: Palala Press
ISBN: 9781378141441
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 142
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Book Description
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Author: Southern California Coastal Water Research Project
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Marine biology
Languages : en
Pages : 531
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Author: James H. Jones
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ocean circulation
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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