Pharmacological Advances in Central Nervous System Stimulants PDF Download
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Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0443219346
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 428
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Book Description
Pharmacological Advances in Central Nervous System Stimulants, Volume 99 in the Mechanisms, Therapeutic Uses, and Abuse of Stimulants series, showcases recent pharmacological progress investigating both therapeutic (ADHD, binge-eating and narcolepsy) and abuse aspects of a number of stimulants, some of which are long-standing (amphetamines, cocaine and nicotine) while others are emerging (cathinones). Specific chapters in this new release include Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance of Phenotypes Associated with Parental Exposure to Drugs of Abuse, Dysregulation Of Brain Cholesterol Homeostasis by Psychostimulants, Modeling Methamphetamine Use Disorder in Mammals: Sex Differences in Behavioral Consequences and Gene Expression, and much more.Additional sections focus on Second Generation Stimulants – Pharmacological and Clinical Advances in The Treatment of ADHD And Binge-eating disorder, Pharmacology Of Stimulant – Opioid Co-Use, Role Of Age and Sex in Determining the Risk For Adverse Consequences Following Exposure To Amphetamines, Modafinil, An Atypical CNS Stimulant, Modulators Of Nicotine Reward-Related and Reinforcement-Related Behaviors, Methamphetamine Effects on Peripheral Immune System, Post-Translational Mechanisms in Neurotransmitter Efflux, The Many Enigmas of Nicotine, Genetic Variation in The Neuregulin-Erbb Signaling Pathway And Substance Use Disorders, Pharmacology And Neurotoxicology of Synthetic Cathinones, and more. - Provides a diverse variety of stimulants, having different mechanisms of action and physiological effects - Includes both therapeutic uses and abuse aspects of stimulants - Covers both molecular mechanisms and behavioral effects of stimulants
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0443219346
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 428
Get Book Here
Book Description
Pharmacological Advances in Central Nervous System Stimulants, Volume 99 in the Mechanisms, Therapeutic Uses, and Abuse of Stimulants series, showcases recent pharmacological progress investigating both therapeutic (ADHD, binge-eating and narcolepsy) and abuse aspects of a number of stimulants, some of which are long-standing (amphetamines, cocaine and nicotine) while others are emerging (cathinones). Specific chapters in this new release include Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance of Phenotypes Associated with Parental Exposure to Drugs of Abuse, Dysregulation Of Brain Cholesterol Homeostasis by Psychostimulants, Modeling Methamphetamine Use Disorder in Mammals: Sex Differences in Behavioral Consequences and Gene Expression, and much more.Additional sections focus on Second Generation Stimulants – Pharmacological and Clinical Advances in The Treatment of ADHD And Binge-eating disorder, Pharmacology Of Stimulant – Opioid Co-Use, Role Of Age and Sex in Determining the Risk For Adverse Consequences Following Exposure To Amphetamines, Modafinil, An Atypical CNS Stimulant, Modulators Of Nicotine Reward-Related and Reinforcement-Related Behaviors, Methamphetamine Effects on Peripheral Immune System, Post-Translational Mechanisms in Neurotransmitter Efflux, The Many Enigmas of Nicotine, Genetic Variation in The Neuregulin-Erbb Signaling Pathway And Substance Use Disorders, Pharmacology And Neurotoxicology of Synthetic Cathinones, and more. - Provides a diverse variety of stimulants, having different mechanisms of action and physiological effects - Includes both therapeutic uses and abuse aspects of stimulants - Covers both molecular mechanisms and behavioral effects of stimulants
Author: Sharon L. Crowell-Davis
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470344148
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
Every day veterinarians in practice are asked to treat petsexhibiting problem behaviors. In the last several yearspharmacologic treatments of behavior have made significant advancesand can serve as a critical part of therapy. Veterinary Pscyhopharmacology is a complete source of currentknowledge on the subject of pharmacologic behavior modificationthat veterinarians can turn to for the answers they need. Classification of disorders is eschewed in favor of in-depthexplanations of pharmacologic options in inducing behavior changes.Special emphasis is given to explaining the underlying mechanism ofpharmacologic agents used in therapy; thus, veterinarians will knownot only which drugs to prescribe but why they should be prescribedand how they work. Veterinary behaviorists, their students and residents, veterinarypractitioners of all levels, and veterinary students will find thisbook invaluable in providing information about their patients'behavior problems and the psychoactive medications that might helpthem.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309082587
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
This report from the Committee on Military Nutrition Research reviews the history of caffeine usage, the metabolism of caffeine, and its physiological effects. The effects of caffeine on physical performance, cognitive function and alertness, and alleviation of sleep deprivation impairments are discussed in light of recent scientific literature. The impact of caffeine consumption on various aspects of health, including cardiovascular disease, reproduction, bone mineral density, and fluid homeostasis are reviewed. The behavioral effects of caffeine are also discussed, including the effect of caffeine on reaction to stress, withdrawal effects, and detrimental effects of high intakes. The amounts of caffeine found to enhance vigilance and reaction time consistently are reviewed and recommendations are made with respect to amounts of caffeine appropriate for maintaining alertness of military personnel during field operations. Recommendations are also provided on the need for appropriate labeling of caffeine-containing supplements, and education of military personnel on the use of these supplements. A brief review of some alternatives to caffeine is also provided.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309292492
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 107
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Book Description
Improving and Accelerating Therapeutic Development for Nervous System Disorders is the summary of a workshop convened by the IOM Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders to examine opportunities to accelerate early phases of drug development for nervous system drug discovery. Workshop participants discussed challenges in neuroscience research for enabling faster entry of potential treatments into first-in-human trials, explored how new and emerging tools and technologies may improve the efficiency of research, and considered mechanisms to facilitate a more effective and efficient development pipeline. There are several challenges to the current drug development pipeline for nervous system disorders. The fundamental etiology and pathophysiology of many nervous system disorders are unknown and the brain is inaccessible to study, making it difficult to develop accurate models. Patient heterogeneity is high, disease pathology can occur years to decades before becoming clinically apparent, and diagnostic and treatment biomarkers are lacking. In addition, the lack of validated targets, limitations related to the predictive validity of animal models - the extent to which the model predicts clinical efficacy - and regulatory barriers can also impede translation and drug development for nervous system disorders. Improving and Accelerating Therapeutic Development for Nervous System Disorders identifies avenues for moving directly from cellular models to human trials, minimizing the need for animal models to test efficacy, and discusses the potential benefits and risks of such an approach. This report is a timely discussion of opportunities to improve early drug development with a focus toward preclinical trials.
Author: Li Di
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118788354
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 604
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Book Description
Focused on central nervous system (CNS) drug discovery efforts, this book educates drug researchers about the blood-brain barrier (BBB) so they can affect important improvements in one of the most significant – and most challenging – areas of drug discovery. • Written by world experts to provide practical solutions to increase brain penetration or minimize CNS side-effects • Reviews state-of-the-art in silico, in vitro, and in vivo tools to assess brain penetration and advanced CNS drug delivery strategies • Covers BBB physiology, medicinal chemistry design principles, free drug hypothesis for the BBB, and transport mechanisms including passive diffusion, uptake/efflux transporters, and receptor-mediated processes • Highlights the advances in modelling BBB pharmacokinetics and dynamics relationships (PK/PD) and physiologically-based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) • Discusses case studies of successful CNS and non-CNS drugs, lessons learned and paths to the market
Author: William Dahill Carey
Publisher: Saunders
ISBN: 9781416066439
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Current Clinical Medicine's 2nd edition, by the world famous Cleveland Clinic, is an Internal Medicine reference that gives you authoritative and actionable information wherever you are, whenever you need it. More than 40 updated chapters, 13 new chapters, and 30% new illustrations ensure that you'll have access to the most up-to-date guidance. In addition to its user-friendly, easy-access format and consistent, reliable coverage, this Expert Consult title includes a website with the complete contents of the book, fully searchable, downloadable images, and more, to keep you and your practice completely current. Includes access to a website featuring the complete contents of the book, fully searchable, access to patient information sheets, links to the Gold Standard Drug database, and much more, to keep you completely current. Provides consistent, reliable coverage to keep you on the top of your game. Includes summary boxes and algorithms for quick, confident diagnosis and treatment of each condition. Features a user-friendly format so you can find information quickly and easily. Contains more than a hundred full-color illustrations with a special focus on dermatology for highly visual guidance. Uses evidence-based gradings to help you evaluate your diagnoses. Includes many new chapters-including Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Head and Neck Cancer, Takayasu's Arteritis, and Non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin Lymphoma-as well as more than 40 substantially revised chapters, that ensure that you'll have access to the most current coverage. Features 30% new illustrations that provide you with updated details, concepts, and procedures. Your purchase entitles you to access the web site until the next edition is published, or until the current edition is no longer offered for sale by Elsevier, whichever occurs first. Elsevier reserves the right to offer a suitable replacement product (such as a downloadable or CD-ROM-based electronic version) should access to the web site be discontinued.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309212219
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 74
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Book Description
Glutamate is the most pervasive neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). Despite this fact, no validated biological markers, or biomarkers, currently exist for measuring glutamate pathology in CNS disorders or injuries. Glutamate dysfunction has been associated with an extensive range of nervous system diseases and disorders. Problems with how the neurotransmitter glutamate functions in the brain have been linked to a wide variety of disorders, including schizophrenia, Alzheimer's, substance abuse, and traumatic brain injury. These conditions are widespread, affecting a large portion of the United States population, and remain difficult to treat. Efforts to understand, treat, and prevent glutamate-related disorders can be aided by the identification of valid biomarkers. The Institute of Medicine's Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders held a workshop on June 21-22, 2010, to explore ways to accelerate the development, validation, and implementation of such biomarkers. Glutamate-Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System: Workshop Summary investigates promising current and emerging technologies, and outlines strategies to procure resources and tools to advance drug development for associated nervous system disorders. Moreover, this report highlights presentations by expert panelists, and the open panel discussions that occurred during the workshop.
Author: Md. Sahab Uddin
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429515898
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1021
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Book Description
Here is a comprehensive overview of the drugs that act on the central and peripheral nervous systems. This volume thoroughly describes the diseases associated with the nervous system and the drugs used for their treatment while also looking at the current status of these drugs and their future potential and challenges. Divided into three sections, the book first focuses on the drugs that affect the functions of the autonomic nervous system to produce therapeutic effects. These drugs may act presynaptically by manipulating the genesis, storage, and secretion, and by blocking the action of neurotransmitters. Some drugs may trigger or impede postsynaptic receptors. Section 2 focuses on drugs that affect the central nervous system, including antianxiety drugs, sedative and hypnotic drugs, antidepressant drugs, antipsychotic drugs, antiepileptic drugs, and many more. It covers the pharmacological management of various diseases, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, and others. The last section offers explanations of neurochemical interactions with the aim to develop drugs that have beneficial effects on neurochemical imbalances. This section demonstrates models to assess the transport of drugs across the blood-brain barrier and nanomedicine to treat brain disorders. This rich compilation provides thorough and extensive research updates on the important advances in neuropharmacological drugs and drug therapy from experienced and eminent academicians, researchers, and scientists from throughout the world.
Author: Margareta Hammarlund-Udenaes
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461491053
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 737
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Book Description
The development of new CNS drugs is notoriously difficult. Drugs must reach CNS target sites for action and these sites are protected by a number of barriers, the most important being the blood –brain barrier (BBB). Many factors are therefore critical to consider for CNS drug delivery, e.g. active/passive transport across the BBB, intra-brain distribution, and central/systemic pharmacokinetics, to name a few. Neurological disease and trauma conditions add further complexity because CNS barriers, drug distribution and pharmacokinetics are dynamic and often changed by disease/trauma. Knowledge of all these factors and their interplay in different conditions is of utmost importance for proper CNS drug development and disease treatment. In recent years much information has become available for a better understanding of the many factors important for CNS drug delivery and how they interact to affect drug action. This book describes small and large drug delivery to the brain with an emphasis on the physiology of the BBB and the principles and concepts for drug delivery across the BBB and distribution within the brain. It contains methods descriptions for studying drug delivery, routes and approaches of administering drugs into the brain, the influence of disease, and drug industry perspectives. Therewith, it contributes to an in-depth understanding of the interplay between brain (patho)-physiology and drug characteristics. Furthermore, the content is designed to be both cutting-edge and educational, so that the book can be used in high-level training of academic and industry scientists with full references to original publications.
Author: Mary V. Solanto
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 9780195133714
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 434
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Book Description
Stimulant drugs are widely used in the treatment of ADHD in children and adults. Hundreds of studies over the past 60 years have demonstrated their effectiveness in improving attention span, increasing impulse control, and reducing hyperactivity and restlessness. Despite widespread interest in these compounds, however, their mechanisms of action in the central nervous system have remained poorly understood. Recent advances in the basic and clinical neurosciences now afford the possibility of elucidating these mechanisms. The current volume is the first to bring this expanding knowledge to bear on the central question of why and how stimulants exert their therapeutic effects. The result is a careful, comprehensive, and insightful integration of material by well-known scientists that significantly advances our understanding of stimulant effects and charts a course for future research. Part I presents a comprehensive description of the clinical features of ADHD and the clinical response to stimulants. Part II details the cortical and subcortical neuroanatomy and functional neurophysiology of dopamine and norepinephrine systems with respect to the regulation of attention, arousal, activity, and impulse control and the effects of stimulants on these systems. Part III is devoted to clinical research, including recent studies of neuroimaging, genetics, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of stimulants, effects on cognitive functions, neurophysiological effects in humans with and without ADHD and in non-human primates, and comparison of stimulants and non-stimulants in the treatment of ADHD. Part IV is a masterful synthesis that presents alternative models of stimulant drug action and generates key hypotheses for continued research. The volume will be of keen interest to researchers and clinicians in psychiatry, psychology, and neurology, neuroscientists studying stimulants, and those pursuing development of new drugs to treat ADHD.
