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Author: Zhiyuan Yin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
In this paper, we propose an early retransmission scheme to improve TCP's performance in delivering time-sensitive media. Our extensive ns2 simulations show significant improvement. When integrated into a traditional TCP variant, namely TCP-SACK, the early retransmission scheme can substantially reduce the latency caused by retransmission timeout. As a result, it can help TCP-SACK achieve a considerably higher success rate in delivering real time media. Early Retransmission also enhances the performance of a delay-based TCP variant, namely PERT. Furthermore, we also explore the improvement brought by employing a fine-grained retransmission timer, and compare it with ER. We find out that ER outperforms the fine grained timer in a variety of conditions and the combination of the two can further improve performance.
Author: Zhiyuan Yin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
In this paper, we propose an early retransmission scheme to improve TCP's performance in delivering time-sensitive media. Our extensive ns2 simulations show significant improvement. When integrated into a traditional TCP variant, namely TCP-SACK, the early retransmission scheme can substantially reduce the latency caused by retransmission timeout. As a result, it can help TCP-SACK achieve a considerably higher success rate in delivering real time media. Early Retransmission also enhances the performance of a delay-based TCP variant, namely PERT. Furthermore, we also explore the improvement brought by employing a fine-grained retransmission timer, and compare it with ER. We find out that ER outperforms the fine grained timer in a variety of conditions and the combination of the two can further improve performance.
Author: Mahdi Asefi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 167
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Book Description
The emerging vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) offer a variety of applications and new potential markets related to safety, convenience and entertainment, however, they suffer from a number of challenges not shared so deeply by other types of existing networks, particularly, in terms of mobility of nodes, and end-to-end quality of service (QoS) provision. Although several existing works in the literature have attempted to provide efficient protocols at different layers targeted mostly for safety applications, there remain many barriers to be overcome in order to constrain the widespread use of such networks for non-safety applications, specifically, for video streaming: 1) impact of high speed mobility of nodes on end-to-end QoS provision; 2) cross-layer protocol design while keeping low computational complexity; 3) considering customer-oriented QoS metrics in the design of protocols; and 4) maintaining seamless single-hop and multi-hop connection between the destination vehicle and the road side unit (RSU) while network is moving. This thesis addresses each of the above limitations in design of cross-layer protocols for video streaming application. 1) An adaptive MAC retransmission limit selection scheme is proposed to improve the performance of IEEE 802.11p standard MAC protocol for video streaming applications over VANETs. A multi-objective optimization framework, which jointly minimizes the probability of playback freezes and start-up delay of the streamed video at the destination vehicle by tuning the MAC retransmission limit with respect to channel statistics as well as packet transmission rate, is applied at road side unit (RSU). Two-hop transmission is applied in zones in which the destination vehicle is not within the transmission range of any RSU. In the multi-hop scenario, we discuss the computation of access probability used in the MAC adaptation scheme and propose a cross-layer path selection scheme; 2) We take advantage of similarity between multi-hop urban VANETs in dense traffic conditions and mesh connected networks. First, we investigate an application-centric routing scheme for video streaming over mesh connected overlays. Next, we introduce the challenges of urban VANETs compared to mesh networks and extend the proposed scheme in mesh network into a protocol for urban VANETs. A classfication-based method is proposed to select an optimal path for video streaming over multi-hop mesh networks. The novelty is to translate the path selection over multi-hop networks to a standard classification problem. The classification is based on minimizing average video packet distortion at the receiving nodes. The classifiers are trained offline using a vast collection of video sequences and wireless channel conditions in order to yield optimal performance during real time path selection. Our method substantially reduces the complexity of conventional exhaustive optimization methods and results in high quality (low distortion). Next, we propose an application-centric routing scheme for real-time video transmission over urban multi-hop vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) scenarios. Queuing based mobility model, spatial traffic distribution and prob- ability of connectivity for sparse and dense VANET scenarios are taken into consideration in designing the routing protocol. Numerical results demonstrate the gain achieved by the proposed routing scheme versus geographic greedy forwarding in terms of video frame distortion and streaming start-up delay in several urban communication scenarios for various vehicle entrance rate and traffic densities; and 3) finally, the proposed quality-driven routing scheme for delivering video streams is combined with a novel IP management scheme. The routing scheme aims to optimize the visual quality of the transmitted video frames by minimizing the distortion, the start-up delay, and the frequency of the streaming freezes. As the destination vehicle is in motion, it is unrealistic to assume that the vehicle will remain connected to the same access router (AR) for the whole trip. Mobile IP management schemes can beneffit from the proposed multi-hop routing protocol in order to adapt proxy mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) for multi-hop VANET for video streaming applications. The proposed cross-layer protocols can significantly improve the video streaming quality in terms of the number of streaming freezes and start-up delay over VANETs while achieving low computational complexity by using pattern classification methods for optimization.
Author: Jenq-Neng Hwang
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139478737
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 549
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Book Description
This authoritative guide is the first to provide a complete system design perspective based on existing international standards and state-of-the-art networking and infrastructure technologies, from theoretical analyses to practical design considerations. The four most critical components involved in a multimedia networking system - data compression, quality of service (QoS), communication protocols, and effective digital rights management - are intensively addressed. Many real-world commercial systems and prototypes are also introduced, as are software samples and integration examples, allowing readers to understand practical tradeoffs in the design of multimedia architectures, and get hands-on experience learning the methodologies and procedures. Balancing just the right amount of theory with practical design and integration knowledge, this book is ideal for graduate students and researchers in electrical engineering and computer science, and also for practitioners in the communications and networking industry. It can also be used as a textbook for specialized graduate-level courses on multimedia networking.
Author: INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON MULTIMEDIA INT
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540205349
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 434
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Book Description
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Workshop on Multimedia Interactive Protocols and Systems, MIPS 2003, held in Napoli, Italy in November 2003. MIPS continues the form IDMS/PROMS Workshop series. The 34 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from more than 130 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on wireless multimedia systems, communication protocols for multimedia, scheduling, caching, quality of service architectures, novel communication services, middleware, infrastructure, IP telephony, multimedia applications, and encoding.
Author: Apostolis Salkintzis
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470021500
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 454
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Book Description
The provision of IP-based multimedia services is one of the most exiting and challenging aspects of next generation wireless networks. A significant evolution has been underway for enabling such multimedia services and for ultimately migrating the Internet to the wireless world. This book examines this evolution, looking at an array of the most up-to-date wireless multimedia technologies and services. The first part focuses on enabling technologies for wireless multimedia, while the second is dedicated to the new wireless multimedia services that are expected to play a key role in the future wireless environment. In addition, the related recent standardization, research and industry activities are addressed. * Covers a complete range of multimedia hot topics, ranging from audio/video coding techniques to multimedia protocols and applications * Discusses QoS issues in WLANs, 3G and hybrid 3G/WLAN networks * Provides in-depth discussion of the most modern multimedia services, such as Push-to-Talk, Instant Messaging, Presence, mobile payments, MMS, WAP, and location-based multimedia services * Addresses the emerging Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS) and the key aspects of IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) in 3G networks * Numerous on-line references will assist readers in their quest for the most up-to-date information This comprehensive resource will have instant appeal to students in electrical and computer engineering or IT disciplines. It is also essential reading for engineering managers, engineers in wireless systems and multimedia, and wireless multimedia researchers.
Author: Khalil, Ismail
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1605660477
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 1154
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Book Description
"The book is intended to clarify the hype, which surrounds the concept of mobile multimedia through introducing the idea in a clear and understandable way, with a strong focus on mobile solutions and applications"--Provided by publisher.
Author: Wei Chen
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781369681208
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 127
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Book Description
With the popularity of and the advances in wireless networking technologies, wireless multimedia tra c has grown dramatically in recent years. Despite having many advantages, wireless multimedia services, particularly video services, still pose a number of challenges due to the time-varying, error-prone and bandwidth-fluctuating channels in the wireless networks. Therefore, provisioning end-to-end Quality of Service and Quality of Experience (QoS and QoE) of video transmission over wireless channels is of great importance. ☐ Video transmission is often described to be bursty as video is basically a sequence of frames transmitted at a particular frame rate. A video frame cannot be decoded or played out at the receiver side until all or most of its transmitted constituent packets are received in time. Depending on the application scenarios, video services may have different emphases in terms of QoE and QoS. While video streaming (e.g., Netflix and YouTube) allows for modest delay (on the order of a few seconds) at the beginning of the playout, video teleconferencing (e.g., FaceTime and WebRTC) is much more delay constrained (less than a few hundred milliseconds). This is because in real-time video systems, each frame must be delivered and decoded by its playback time, and any packet that is retransmitted due to loss in the last transmission or arriving late becomes useless when its stringent decoding and display deadline cannot be met. In this dissertation, we propose several optimization algorithms to improve the QoE and QoS for both video streaming (non real-time) and video teleconferencing (real-time) over wireless networks. ☐ In optimizing wireless video streaming, we focus on MPEG-DASH (ISO/IEC Standard 23009-1), the current standard for video streaming. We optimize video streaming by leveraging a technique called User Adaptive Video (UAV), which exploits the perceptual limits of the human visual system to modulate a video stream’s bit rate based on the viewing conditions, such as viewing distance and ambient illuminance, resulting in significant bandwidth saving without perceived loss of quality to the user. UAV presents an opportunity to significantly improve the e ciency of DASH by not requesting unnecessarily high bit rate videos. We design UAV-enabled DASH (UDASH) and evaluate its performance in Wi-Fi networks. Simulation results show that UDASH in a Wi-Fi network has the benefits of not only significantly improving the video streaming performance such as reducing the rebu ering probability, but also enhancing the performance of cross traffc. ☐ In addition, the MPEG-DASH standard uses TCP as the underlying transport layer protocol, and more importantly, TCP is one type of dominant tra c in the Internet. Therefore, we investigate how to improve TCP performance in wireless networks. We identify two issues of TCP performance degradation due to common channel errors via both analytical study and simulations in a typical Wi-Fi network. Motivated by these issues, a MAC layer optimization technique is proposed, which is based on the adaptation of the Retry Limit parameter after considering TCP traffic characteristics and throughput model. The evaluation results confirm that the proposed technique achieves higher performance gain. ☐ In optimizing video teleconferencing, we considerWebRTC, which is Google’s open source real-time communication framework. In wireless networks such as those based on IEEE 802.11, packet losses due to fading and interference are often misinterpreted as indications of congestion, causing unnecessary decrease in the data sending rate due to congestion control by the RTCP protocol working beneath WebRTC and above RTP. For delayconstrained applications such as video teleconferencing, packet losses may result in excessive artifacts or freeze in the decoded video. We propose a simple and yet effective mechanism to detect and reduce channel-caused packet losses by dynamically adjusting the retry limit parameter of the IEEE 802.11 protocol. Since the retry limit is left configurable in the IEEE 802.11 standard, and does not require cross-layer coordination, the proposed scheme can be easily implemented and incrementally deployed. We also propose to use a delay constrained retry limit adaptation algorithm to control transmission delays so that delay constraints required by different application scenarios can be met. Experimental results of applying the proposed scheme to aWebRTC based real-time video communication prototype show significant performance gain compared to the case where retry limit is configured statically. ☐ In addition to the optimization techniques proposed for the IEEE 802.11 protocol, we also propose a cross-layer approach to optimize video teleconferencing, termed early packet loss feedback (EPLF). In EPLF, if a packet loss is due to channel errors, the MAC layer directly feeds back the loss information to the RTP layer with a spoofed RTCP packet that carries a NACK message so that the RTP layer can retransmit the lost RTP packet. Since the whole feedback process takes place in the same device (the video sender), the latency is negligible in relation to the RTT, and hence the term ’early’ in EPLF. Theoretical analysis and prototype-based experimental results show that EPLF almost completely eliminates channelcaused video freezes in the decoded video while improving congestion control. ☐ Furthermore, we also apply the technique of UAV to video teleconferencing to further reduce bandwidth consumption, and build a prototype based on WebRTC and Licode (a video teleconferencing hub platform) to validate the bandwidth savings.
Author:
Publisher: ScholarlyEditions
ISBN: 1464965676
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 717
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Book Description
Issues in Networks Research and Application: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Networks Research and Application. The editors have built Issues in Networks Research and Application: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Networks Research and Application in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Networks Research and Application: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Author: Association for Computing Machinery. Special Interest Group on Data Communications
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 318
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Book Description
Author: Qihui Wu
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030690695
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 516
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Book Description
This two-volume set LNICST 357-358 constitutes the post-conference proceedings of the 11th EAI International Conference on Wireless and Satellite Services, WiSATS 2020, held in Nanjing, China, in September 2020. The 91 full papers and workshop papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 200 submissions. Part I - LNICST 357 - details original research and results of wireless and satellite technology for a smarter global communication architecture. The theme of WISATS 2020 is “Intelligent Wireless and Satellite Communications for Beyond 5G”. Part II – LNICST 358 - presents 6 workshop papers: High Speed Space Communication and Space Information Networks (HSSCSIN); Integrated Space and Onboard Networks (ISON); Intelligent Satellite Operations, Managements, and Applications (ISOMA); Intelligent Satellites in Future Space Networked System (ISFSNS); Satellite Communications, Networking and Applications (SCNA); Satellite Internet of Things; Trusted Data Sharing, Secure Communication (SIOTTDSSC).
