Performance Analysis of Biodiesel, Higher Alcohol and Diesel Blends in a Compression Ignition Engine PDF Download
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Author: Alfred A. Cordova III
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automobiles
Languages : en
Pages : 68
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Book Description
Author: Alfred A. Cordova III
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automobiles
Languages : en
Pages : 68
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Book Description
Author: Mohd Hafizil Mat Yasin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biodiesel fuels
Languages : en
Pages : 163
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Book Description
Compression ignition engines have been used widely in the transportation sector and power generation for the decades. These engines are less fuel consumed with higher brake thermal efficiency. However, compression ignition engines produce higher pollution in NOx and PM emission as well as cause several negative drawbacks to the environment. Most countries in the world have regulated several regulations to reduce the emission from the engines. Other than that, the introduction of biodiesel in the engines is beneficial and proven to reduce the emission significantly. However, biodiesel has higher density and viscosity with lower heating value as compared to mineral diesel. Fuel additives are among other methods that proven to modify the properties of biodiesel to be comparable with mineral diesel without doing any engine modification. Although fuel additives' ability to reduce harmful emissions is well known in the literature, the mechanism for these additives is not well understood when operated in the four-stroke, four-cylinder diesel engines. Two alcohol-based additives, methanol and ethanol were diluted with B 20 blend (20% biodiesel + 80% mineral diesel) with the formulation of 5% by volume. The test fuels; mineral diesel, B100 (palm-diesel), B20 blend and B20-alcohol blends (B20 E5 and B20 M5) were investigated on a Mitsubishi 4D68 four stroke, four-cylinder water-cooled diesel engine incorporating sensors for in-cylinder pressure measurement and thermocouples. There were two operating modes dealing with these fuels, which the first mode been conducted on increasing engine speeds at 50% throttle position. While as for the second mode, these fuels were operated at three different engine loads, 0.05 MPa, 0.4 MPa and 0.7 MPa with the engine constant speed of 2500 rpm. The effect of test fuels on brake power, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), brake thermal efficiency (BTE), combustion (in-cylinder pressure, rate of heat release, cylinder temperature) and NOx, NO, CO and CO2 emissions were investigated. Results found that the performance of diesel engine improved with the use of alcohol (ethanol and methanol) in the B20 blends especially in comparison to mineral diesel, B100 and B20. Overall, the results indicated that when compared to mineral diesel, B100, B20, B20 E5 and B20 M5 have higher brake thermal efficiency. The use of alcohol as a fuel additive in the B20 blend has improved the combustion characteristics when the loads were applied to the engine. Besides, the exhaust emission for the B20 E5 and B20 M5 were fairly reduced when compared to mineral diesel.
Author: Basha, J. Sadhik
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1799825418
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 298
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Book Description
In today’s global context, there has been extensive research conducted in reducing harmful emissions to conserve and protect our environment. In the automobile and power generation industries, diesel engines are being utilized due to their high level of performance and fuel economy. However, these engines are producing harmful pollutants that contribute to several global threats including greenhouse gases and ozone layer depletion. Professionals have begun developing techniques to improve the performance and reduce emissions of diesel engines, but significant research is lacking in this area. Recent Technologies for Enhancing Performance and Reducing Emissions in Diesel Engines is a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on technical and environmental enhancements to the emission and combustion characteristics of diesel engines. While highlighting topics such as biodiesel emulsions, nanoparticle additives, and mathematical modeling, this publication explores the potential additives that have been incorporated into the performance of diesel engines in order to positively affect the environment. This book is ideally designed for chemical and electrical engineers, developers, researchers, power generation professionals, mechanical practitioners, scholars, ecologists, scientists, graduate students, and academicians seeking current research on modern innovations in fuel processing and environmental pollution control.
Author: Evangelos G. Giakoumis
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319490346
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 422
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Book Description
This book presents in detail the most important driving and engine cycles used for the certification and testing of new vehicles and engines around the world. It covers chassis and engine-dynamometer cycles for passenger cars, light-duty vans, heavy-duty engines, non-road engines and motorcycles, offering detailed historical information and critical review. The book also provides detailed examples from SI and diesel engines and vehicles operating during various cycles, with a focus on how the engine behaves during transients and how this is reflected in emitted pollutants, CO2 and after-treatment systems operation. It describes the measurement methods for the testing of new vehicles and essential information on the procedure for creating a driving cycle. Lastly, it presents detailed technical specifications on the most important chassis-dynamometer cycles around the world, together with a direct comparison of those cycles.
Author: Lennox Siwale
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
A study of the effects of oxygenated alcohol/gasoline/diesel fuel blends on performance, combustion, and emission characteristics in conventional reciprocating engines is reported. On the one hand, in alcohol-gasoline blends, dual alcohols-gasoline blends have not yet been sufficiently proven as suitable alternatives to single alcohol-gasoline blends in engines as far as performance is concerned. On the other hand, n-butanol-diesel, although it has a better miscibility factor in diesel than methanol or ethanol, is limited with regard to extensive application in the diesel engines due to its low cetane number. Engine performance was compared using single alcohol-gasoline and dual alcohol-gasoline blends, where the dual blends were constrained to meet the vapor issues regarding fuels and regulations. The blends were selected in terms of a combination by volume of one being higher alcohol (n-butanol) and the other, lower alcohol (methanol). The engines used for this study included a single-cylinder and a four-cylinder, naturally aspirated, four-stroke spark ignition engines and a four-cylinder, four-stroke compression ignition turbocharged diesel engine. In the n-butanol-diesel studies, a comparison was made with other studies in order to determine how suitable n-butanol-diesel blends were across the biofuel family such as the biodiesel-ethanol-diesel blends. The findings were as follows: The dual alcohols-gasoline blends performed better than the single alcohol-gasoline blends depending on certain compositional ratios of the alcohols in gasoline regardless of vapor pressure consideration. The n-butanol/diesel alcohol blend (B5, B10, and B20, where B5 represents 5% n-butanol and 95% diesel) significantly reduced the regulated emissions in a turbocharged engine compared to other studies using biodiesel-diesel blends. The significant decrease in NOx, CO emissions, and reduction of unburned hydrocarbons content using n-butanol/diesel fuel (DF) blends were found experimentally. The use of dual alcohol /gasoline blends was beneficial due to their shorter combustion duration in crank angles and their higher-energy content compared with single alcohol-gasoline blends. The n-butanol/diesel blend fired in the diesel engine showed a higher brake thermal efficiency and improved brake specific fuel consumption compared to the study by others where ethanol\diesel and methanol\diesel blends were used.
Author: Michel Feidt
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0081023499
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 274
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Book Description
Energy and the environment are inextricably linked to the economy. Thermodynamics therefore seems to be a privileged tool in overcoming the constraints associated with optimization.This first volume reports on an original, contemporary approach leading to optimal solutions in the form of trend models, proving the existence of solutions which can then be refined in a more complete and sophisticated manner.The validation of the proposed methodology is realized through real-life examples (engines, heat pumps, refrigeration systems, etc.). However, the more fundamental aspects linked to the dynamics of the transfer and conversion of energy and matter are also explored, as well as the evolution which characterizes the second law of thermodynamics.This book presents recent advances, often still undergoing research, as well as structured exercises, and is therefore aimed at both students and researchers in the field of energetics. - It proposes a view of the evolution of knowledge regarding the thermodynamics modeling of systems and processes - It shows results and also the existence of optimum all and along the development - It focuses on multidisciplinary approach that characterizes thermodynamics
Author: Vijai G. Gupta
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128227648
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 471
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Book Description
Recent Developments in Bioenergy Research reviews all these topics, reports recent research findings, and presents potential solutions to challenging issues. The book consolidates the most recent research on the (bio)technologies, concepts and commercial developments that are currently in progress on different types of widely-used biofuels and integrated biorefineries across biochemistry, biotechnology, biochemical engineering and microbiology. Chapters include very recent/emerging topics, such as non-ionic and ionic liquids/surfactants for enhancement of lignocellulose enzymatic hydrolysis and lignocellulose biomass as a rich source of bio-ionic liquids. The book is a useful source of information for those working in the area of- industrial wastewater treatment and microbial fuel cells, but is also a great resource for senior undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, professionals, biochemical engineers and other interested individuals/groups working in the field of biofuel/bioenergy. - Provides unique information on biomass-based biofuels for fundamental and applied research - Outlines research advancements in the areas of bio-hydrogen, bioethanol, bio-methane and biorefineries - Includes emerging topics on biomass (including wastes) characterization and its uses as a resource for environmental bioremediation and bioenergy - Reviews enzyme engineering for biomass to bioproducts and biochemicals, lipids/bio-oil - Focuses on biological/ biochemical routes, as these options have the greatest potential to be the most cost-effective methods for biofuel/bioenergy production
Author: Francisco Vigil
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automobiles
Languages : en
Pages : 96
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Book Description
Author: Meisam Tabatabaei
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030009858
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
This book presents in-depth information on the state of the art of global biodiesel production and investigates its impact on climate change. Subsequently, it comprehensively discusses biodiesel production in terms of production systems (reactor technologies) as well as biodiesel purification and upgrading technologies. Moreover, the book reviews essential parameters in biodiesel production systems as well as major principles of operation, process control, and trouble-shooting in these systems. Conventional and emerging applications of biodiesel by-products with a view to further economize biodiesel production are also scrutinized. Separate chapters are dedicated to economic risk analysis and critical comparison of biodiesel production systems as well as techno-economical aspects of biodiesel plants. The book also thoroughly investigates the important aspects of biodiesel production and combustion by taking advantage of advanced sustainability analysis tools including life cycle assessment (LCA) and exergy techniques. In closing, the application of Omics technologies in biodiesel production is presented and discussed. This book is relevant to anyone with an interest in renewable, more sustainable fuel and energy solutions.
Author: Pravesh Chandra Shukla
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811609314
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 273
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Book Description
div="" This book covers different aspects related to utilization of alcohol fuels in internal combustion (IC) engines with a focus on combustion, performance and emission investigations. The focal point of this book is to present engine combustion, performance and emission characteristics of IC engines fueled by alcohol blended fuels such as methanol, ethanol and butanol. The contents also highlight the importance of alcohol fuel for reducing emission levels. Possibility of alcohol fuels for marine applications has also been discussed. This book is a useful guide for researchers, academics and scientists. ^
