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Author: Peggy Lee Ranke
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
INTRODUCTION: Chronic diseases are of major concern in public health and are huge contributing factors for high healthcare expenditures; however, this study focuses on osteoporosis. Osteoporotic fractures are associated with pain, disability, and societal dependency with estimated annual costs in the United States of $7 to $20 billion. Therefore, it is highly significant to study preventive measures in young and early adulthood to decrease the likelihood of osteoporosis at an older age. This study's intention is to recognize if osteoporosis risks are preventable or significantly reduced with physical activity and its potential impact of future osteoporosis. METHODS: Participants: 1682 Rancho Bernardo, California residents participated in a longevity study between years 1972 and 2011 with ongoing study. Exactly 688 participants were male (40.9%) and 994 (59.1%) were female. All participants were between 55 - 90 years old. Measurement: A Paffenbarger (modified) questionnaire was used to obtain former and current exercise information, including frequency and level of physical activity. Physical activity level is categorized as mild, moderate, or vigorous. Osteoporosis status was defined as normal, osteopenia, or osteoporosis dependent upon bone mineral density (BMD) measurement using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). After controlling for risk factors, multiple logistical regression was used to determine the association between past physical activity and occurrence of osteoporosis. RESULTS: People who had past moderate or vigorous physical activity at least 5 times a week are 0.627 times as likely to develop osteoporosis than people who do not engage in moderate or vigorous physical activity at least 5 times a week. People 71-80 years of age were 0.200 times as likely to develop osteoporosis than people age 55-70 (OR= 0.200; 95% CI: 0.124~0.321) and people 81-90 years of age were 0.481 times as likely to develop osteoporosis than those who were 55-70 (OR= 0.481; 95% CI: 0.291~0.794). Men are 0.529 times as likely to develop osteoporosis as females or older old people who engaged in moderate or vigorous physical activity at least 5 times a week (OR= 0.529; 95% CI: 0.392~0.713). CONCLUSION: Past moderate to vigorous physical activity at least 5 times a week during age 30s -- 50s is associated with increased bone mineral density (BMD) at older years. These data suggest a protective effect of current and lifelong physical activity on hip BMD in older men and women.
Author: Peggy Lee Ranke
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
INTRODUCTION: Chronic diseases are of major concern in public health and are huge contributing factors for high healthcare expenditures; however, this study focuses on osteoporosis. Osteoporotic fractures are associated with pain, disability, and societal dependency with estimated annual costs in the United States of $7 to $20 billion. Therefore, it is highly significant to study preventive measures in young and early adulthood to decrease the likelihood of osteoporosis at an older age. This study's intention is to recognize if osteoporosis risks are preventable or significantly reduced with physical activity and its potential impact of future osteoporosis. METHODS: Participants: 1682 Rancho Bernardo, California residents participated in a longevity study between years 1972 and 2011 with ongoing study. Exactly 688 participants were male (40.9%) and 994 (59.1%) were female. All participants were between 55 - 90 years old. Measurement: A Paffenbarger (modified) questionnaire was used to obtain former and current exercise information, including frequency and level of physical activity. Physical activity level is categorized as mild, moderate, or vigorous. Osteoporosis status was defined as normal, osteopenia, or osteoporosis dependent upon bone mineral density (BMD) measurement using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). After controlling for risk factors, multiple logistical regression was used to determine the association between past physical activity and occurrence of osteoporosis. RESULTS: People who had past moderate or vigorous physical activity at least 5 times a week are 0.627 times as likely to develop osteoporosis than people who do not engage in moderate or vigorous physical activity at least 5 times a week. People 71-80 years of age were 0.200 times as likely to develop osteoporosis than people age 55-70 (OR= 0.200; 95% CI: 0.124~0.321) and people 81-90 years of age were 0.481 times as likely to develop osteoporosis than those who were 55-70 (OR= 0.481; 95% CI: 0.291~0.794). Men are 0.529 times as likely to develop osteoporosis as females or older old people who engaged in moderate or vigorous physical activity at least 5 times a week (OR= 0.529; 95% CI: 0.392~0.713). CONCLUSION: Past moderate to vigorous physical activity at least 5 times a week during age 30s -- 50s is associated with increased bone mineral density (BMD) at older years. These data suggest a protective effect of current and lifelong physical activity on hip BMD in older men and women.
Author: United States Public Health Service
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781410219275
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This first-ever Surgeon General's Report on bone health and osteoporosis illustrates the large burden that bone disease places on our Nation and its citizens. Like other chronic diseases that disproportionately affect the elderly, the prevalence of bone disease and fractures is projected to increase markedly as the population ages. If these predictions come true, bone disease and fractures will have a tremendous negative impact on the future well-being of Americans. But as this report makes clear, they need not come true: by working together we can change the picture of aging in America. Osteoporosis, fractures, and other chronic diseases no longer should be thought of as an inevitable part of growing old. By focusing on prevention and lifestyle changes, including physical activity and nutrition, as well as early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, Americans can avoid much of the damaging impact of bone disease and other chronic diseases. This Surgeon General's Report brings together for the first time the scientific evidence related to the prevention, assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of bone disease. More importantly, it provides a framework for moving forward. The report will be another effective tool in educating Americans about how they can promote bone health throughout their lives. This first-ever Surgeon General's Report on bone health and osteoporosis provides much needed information on bone health, an often overlooked aspect of physical health. This report follows in the tradition of previous Surgeon Generals' reports by identifying the relevant scientific data, rigorously evaluating and summarizing the evidence, and determining conclusions.
Author: Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309283140
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 503
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Book Description
Physical inactivity is a key determinant of health across the lifespan. A lack of activity increases the risk of heart disease, colon and breast cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoporosis, anxiety and depression and others diseases. Emerging literature has suggested that in terms of mortality, the global population health burden of physical inactivity approaches that of cigarette smoking. The prevalence and substantial disease risk associated with physical inactivity has been described as a pandemic. The prevalence, health impact, and evidence of changeability all have resulted in calls for action to increase physical activity across the lifespan. In response to the need to find ways to make physical activity a health priority for youth, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment was formed. Its purpose was to review the current status of physical activity and physical education in the school environment, including before, during, and after school, and examine the influences of physical activity and physical education on the short and long term physical, cognitive and brain, and psychosocial health and development of children and adolescents. Educating the Student Body makes recommendations about approaches for strengthening and improving programs and policies for physical activity and physical education in the school environment. This report lays out a set of guiding principles to guide its work on these tasks. These included: recognizing the benefits of instilling life-long physical activity habits in children; the value of using systems thinking in improving physical activity and physical education in the school environment; the recognition of current disparities in opportunities and the need to achieve equity in physical activity and physical education; the importance of considering all types of school environments; the need to take into consideration the diversity of students as recommendations are developed. This report will be of interest to local and national policymakers, school officials, teachers, and the education community, researchers, professional organizations, and parents interested in physical activity, physical education, and health for school-aged children and adolescents.
Author: Eric S. Orwoll
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080923461
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 764
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Book Description
Since the publication of the first edition, the U.S. Surgeon General released the first-ever report on bone health and osteoporosis in October 2004. This report focuses even more attention on the devastating impact osteoporosis has on millions of lives. According to the National Osteoporosis Foundation, 2 million American men have osteoporosis, and another 12 million are at risk for this disease. Yet despite the large number of men affected, the lack of awareness by doctors and their patients puts men at a higher risk that the condition may go undiagnosed and untreated. It is estimated that one-fifth to one-third of all hip fractures occur in men. This second edition brings on board John Bilezikian and Dirk Vanderschueren as editors with Eric Orwoll. The table of contents is more than doubling with 58 planned chapters. The format is larger – 8.5 x 11. This edition of Osteoporosis in Men brings together even more eminent investigators and clinicians to interpret developments in this growing field, and describe state-of-the-art research as well as practical approaches to diagnosis, prevention and therapy. - Brings together more eminent investigators and clinicians to interpret developments in this growing field - Describes state-of-the-art research as well as practical approaches to diagnosis, prevention and therapy - There is no book on the market that covers osteoporosis in men as comprehensively as this book
Author: Riva L. Rahl
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781492595700
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240014888
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 24
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Book Description
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9241565047
Category : Family & Relationships
Languages : en
Pages : 260
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Book Description
The WHO World report on ageing and health is not for the book shelf it is a living breathing testament to all older people who have fought for their voice to be heard at all levels of government across disciplines and sectors. - Mr Bjarne Hastrup President International Federation on Ageing and CEO DaneAge This report outlines a framework for action to foster Healthy Ageing built around the new concept of functional ability. This will require a transformation of health systems away from disease based curative models and towards the provision of older-person-centred and integrated care. It will require the development sometimes from nothing of comprehensive systems of long term care. It will require a coordinated response from many other sectors and multiple levels of government. And it will need to draw on better ways of measuring and monitoring the health and functioning of older populations. These actions are likely to be a sound investment in society's future. A future that gives older people the freedom to live lives that previous generations might never have imagined. The World report on ageing and health responds to these challenges by recommending equally profound changes in the way health policies for ageing populations are formulated and services are provided. As the foundation for its recommendations the report looks at what the latest evidence has to say about the ageing process noting that many common perceptions and assumptions about older people are based on outdated stereotypes. The report's recommendations are anchored in the evidence comprehensive and forward-looking yet eminently practical. Throughout examples of experiences from different countries are used to illustrate how specific problems can be addressed through innovation solutions. Topics explored range from strategies to deliver comprehensive and person-centred services to older populations to policies that enable older people to live in comfort and safety to ways to correct the problems and injustices inherent in current systems for long-term care.
Author: Rod K. Dishman
Publisher: Human Kinetics
ISBN: 1492581305
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1316
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Book Description
Physical Activity Epidemiology, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive discussion of current population-level studies showing the influence of physical activity on disease. Updated with extensive new research collected in the eight years since the previous edition, the second edition adds the expertise of respected epidemiologist I-Min Lee. To assist readers in understanding the public health significance of physical activity, Dishman, Heath, and Lee present a detailed review of research findings and what those findings suggest regarding the relationship between physical activity and a variety of health risks. The second edition of this groundbreaking text has been exhaustively updated to reflect the wealth of new research published in this fast-moving field of study. With more than 100 pages of additional content, the text also offers more detailed coverage of all-cause and coronary heart disease mortality, expanded coverage of pathophysiology and biological plausibility, new information on physical activity among various racial–ethnic populations, and the effects of physical activity on cognitive function, dementia, and HIV/AIDS. More than 250 tables and figures, twice the number found in the previous edition, highlight the latest epidemiological information in an easy-to-understand visual format. Physical Activity Epidemiology, Second Edition, assists readers in understanding how leisure-time physical activity can enhance people’s quantity and quality of life by summarizing the available knowledge, detailing the methods used to obtain it, considering its implications for public health, and outlining the important questions that remain. Readers will find comprehensive discussion of these topics: • Evidence that physical activity protects against the development of coronary heart disease and stroke and premature death from all causes • Population-based studies and clinical experiments providing evidence that physical activity and exercise play a role in the primary and secondary prevention of mild hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity • Contemporary epidemiologic evidence that physical activity reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis and protects against the development of breast and colon cancers, some inflammatory diseases, depression, and anxiety disorders • Considerations in the promotion of a safe, physically active lifestyle among all segments of the population Physical Activity Epidemiology, Second Edition, will engage and challenge students by examining the state of current research in all of its variation and even ambiguity. The text details the methodology and findings of classic and contemporary studies and then helps students begin to analyze the results. Special Strength of the Evidence sections found at the end of most chapters summarize the findings to determine the extent to which correlation and causation can be proven. Chapter objectives, chapter summaries, and sidebars in each chapter assist students in focusing on the key points of study, and an extensive glossary with detailed definitions provides a handy reference for review. Instructors will find a new image bank in this edition to enhance their class lecture materials. Physical Activity Epidemiology, Second Edition, offers students, sport and exercise scientists, health and fitness professionals, and public health administrators a comprehensive presentation of significant studies, how these studies contribute to understanding the relationship between activity and disease prevention, and how this information can be used in leading individuals, communities, and global society toward increased health and longevity.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309131952
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 316
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Book Description
As the first of the nation's 78 million baby boomers begin reaching age 65 in 2011, they will face a health care workforce that is too small and woefully unprepared to meet their specific health needs. Retooling for an Aging America calls for bold initiatives starting immediately to train all health care providers in the basics of geriatric care and to prepare family members and other informal caregivers, who currently receive little or no training in how to tend to their aging loved ones. The book also recommends that Medicare, Medicaid, and other health plans pay higher rates to boost recruitment and retention of geriatric specialists and care aides. Educators and health professional groups can use Retooling for an Aging America to institute or increase formal education and training in geriatrics. Consumer groups can use the book to advocate for improving the care for older adults. Health care professional and occupational groups can use it to improve the quality of health care jobs.
Author: Michael F. Holick
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1493920014
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 737
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Book Description
This newly revised edition contains updated versions of all of the topics that were in the first edition and has been substantially expanded with an additional 5 chapters. Each chapter includes information from the most up-to-date research on how nutritional factors can affect bone health, written with an evidence-based focus and complete with comprehensive references for each subject. Nutrition and Bone Health, second edition covers all aspects of nutrition and the skeleton, from the history and fundamentals, to the effects of macronutrients, minerals, vitamins, and supplements, and even covers the effects of lifestyle, the different life stages, and nutrition-related disorders and secondary osteoporosis. New chapters include HIV & AIDs and the skeleton, celiac disease and bone health, and nutrition and bone health in space. Nutrition and Bone Health, second edition is a necessary resource for health care professionals, medical students, graduate students, dietitians, and nutritionists who are interested in how nutrition affects bone health during all stages of life.
