Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Sarcopenia in Aging and in Muscular Dystrophy: A Translational Approach PDF Download
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Author: Luciano Merlini
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889196844
Category : Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
Loss of muscle mass and increased fibrosis characterize both sarcopenia of aging and muscular dystrophy. Research is increasingly showing that these two conditions also share several pathophysiological mechanisms, including mitochondrial dysfunction, increased apoptosis, abnormal modulation of autophagy, decline in satellite cells, increased generation of reactive oxygen species, and abnormal regulation of signaling and stress response pathways. This Research Topic will cover several mechanisms involved in aging and dystrophic sarcopenia and explore the therapeutic potential of various strategies for intervention.
Author: Luciano Merlini
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889196844
Category : Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
Loss of muscle mass and increased fibrosis characterize both sarcopenia of aging and muscular dystrophy. Research is increasingly showing that these two conditions also share several pathophysiological mechanisms, including mitochondrial dysfunction, increased apoptosis, abnormal modulation of autophagy, decline in satellite cells, increased generation of reactive oxygen species, and abnormal regulation of signaling and stress response pathways. This Research Topic will cover several mechanisms involved in aging and dystrophic sarcopenia and explore the therapeutic potential of various strategies for intervention.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Loss of muscle mass and increased fibrosis characterize both sarcopenia of aging and muscular dystrophy. Research is increasingly showing that these two conditions also share several pathophysiological mechanisms, including mitochondrial dysfunction, increased apoptosis, abnormal modulation of autophagy, decline in satellite cells, increased generation of reactive oxygen species, and abnormal regulation of signaling and stress response pathways. This Research Topic will cover several mechanisms involved in aging and dystrophic sarcopenia and explore the therapeutic potential of various strategies for intervention.
Author: Gustavo Duque
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030258904
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 382
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Book Description
This edited work presents the most current evidence on osteosarcopenia from bench to bedside, which is expected to facilitate the understanding of this syndrome and to develop preventive and therapeutic strategies. With our aging population, chronic diseases such as osteoporosis and sarcopenia are becoming highly prevalent. Fortunately, our understanding of the bone and muscle interactions has increased in recent years. This has allowed to the coining of the term osteosarcopenia to describe a syndrome in which these two diseases overlap. This overlap between osteoporosis and sarcopenia has major negative effects not only on our older adults but also on health systems worldwide. Readers will find a highly translational approach that starts with a summary of recent discoveries on stem cells biology, muscle and bone interactions – including the role of local bone and muscle fat – followed by comprehensive reviews on myokines (i.e. myostatin), osteokines (i.e. osteocalcin) and adipokines (i.e. interleukins) as major players and determinants of bone and muscle loss with aging. In addition, the role of sex steroids (i.e. estrogens, androgens), and calciotropic hormones (i.e. parathyroid hormone, vitamin D) in the pathogenesis of this syndrome is also reviewed. Moreover, using practical diagnostic and therapeutic tips, this book summarizes the clinical characteristics of osteosarcopenic patients thus facilitating the diagnosis and treatment of this syndrome in clinical practice. Finally, the book presents the case for the Falls and Fractures Clinic as the optimal model of care for this syndrome, aimed to avoid fragmentation and optimize osteosarcopenia care, and simultaneously prevent falls and fractures in older persons. This book offers relevant information on the mechanisms of osteosarcopenia, and a practical guide on how to identify and treat this geriatric syndrome and its adverse outcomes, which are dramatically affecting our aging population. The work is written by leaders in the field and is especially suited not only to any researcher in the musculoskeletal arena but also to medical specialists and allied health professionals involved in the care of older persons.
Author: Kunihiro Sakuma
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128226579
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
Sarcopenia: Molecular Mechanism and Treatment Strategies provides answers and guidance on a disease that has serious health consequences in terms of fractures, frailty, disability and diminished quality of life. Written by experts around the world, this book is for all those that care for aging populations. As the global population ages, sarcopenia remains a therapeutic challenge and major public health concern. Difficulties in defining sarcopenia as a clinical phenotype remain and have hindered treatment. - Covers physical, dietary and pharmacological strategies to maintain adequate muscle mass to ensure healthy aging - Provides a complete and up-to-date reference on molecular mechanisms of sarcopenia - Presents a clear definition of sarcopenia, along with the latest research in one volume
Author: Dominique Dardevet
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128023759
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 369
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Book Description
The Molecular Nutrition of Amino Acids and Proteins provides an in-depth look at the involvement and role of amino acids and proteins in molecular nutrition. Editor Dominique Dardevet has assembled a collection of chapters written by leading researchers and top professors that provide the reader with a comprehensive understanding of amino acids and proteins. The book provides an introduction to the fundamentals of amino acids and proteins as well as the composition of food. It then delves into the molecular biology of the cell and genetic machinery and its function. The Molecular Nutrition of Amino Acids and Proteins also features reference guides for terms and bullet-point summaries, making it readily accessible to novices while still providing the most up-to-date and detailed information that experienced researchers need. Provides a gentle introduction to the subject by first addressing nutritional information and then building in molecular aspects, clearly establishing fundamental information for the reader Facilitates reader comprehension by including succinct summary points in each chapter Contains a glossary of definitions that allows readers to easily reference terms Provides both a deep and broad understanding of the subject by containing overviews as well as detail-focused chapters
Author: Antonio Musarò
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039434365
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 500
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Book Description
The book is a collection of original research and review articles addressing the intriguing field of the cellular and molecular players involved in muscle homeostasis and regeneration. One of the most ambitious aspirations of modern medical science is the possibility of regenerating any damaged part of the body, including skeletal muscle. This desire has prompted clinicians and researchers to search for innovative technologies aimed at replacing organs and tissues that are compromised. In this context, the papers, collected in this book, addressing a specific aspects of muscle homeostasis and regeneration under physiopathologic conditions, will help us to better understand the underlying mechanisms of muscle healing and will help to design more appropriate therapeutic approaches to improve muscle regeneration and to counteract muscle diseases.
Author: Alison McConnell
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0702054550
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 403
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Book Description
Respiratory Muscle Training: theory and practice is the world's first book to provide an "everything-you-need-to-know" guide to respiratory muscle training (RMT). Authored by an internationally-acclaimed expert, it is an evidence-based resource, built upon current scientific knowledge, as well as experience at the cutting-edge of respiratory training in a wide range of settings. The aim of the book is to give readers: 1) an introduction to respiratory physiology and exercise physiology, as well as training theory; 2) an understanding of how disease affects the respiratory muscles and the mechanics of breathing; 3) an insight into the disease-specific, evidence-based benefits of RMT; 4) advice on the application of RMT as a standalone treatment, and as part of a rehabilitation programme; and finally, 5) guidance on the application of functional training techniques to RMT. The book is divided into two parts – theory and practice. Part I provides readers with access to the theoretical building blocks that support practice. It explores the evidence base for RMT as well as the different methods of training respiratory muscles and their respective efficacy. Part II guides the reader through the practical implementation of the most widely validated form of RMT, namely inspiratory muscle resistance training. Finally, over 150 "Functional" RMT exercises are described, which incorporate a stability and/or postural challenge – and address specific movements that provoke dyspnoea. Respiratory Muscle Training: theory and practice is supported by a dedicated website (www.physiobreathe.com), which provides access to the latest information on RMT, as well as video clips of all exercises described in the book. Purchasers will also receive a three-month free trial of the Physiotec software platform (via www.physiotec.ca), which allows clinicians to create bespoke training programmes (including video clips) that can be printed or emailed to patients. - Introductory overviews of respiratory and exercise physiology, as well as training theory - Comprehensive, up-to-date review of respiratory muscle function, breathing mechanics and RMT - Analysis of the interaction between disease and respiratory mechanics, as well as their independent and combined influence upon exercise tolerance - Analysis of the rationale and application of RMT to over 20 clinical conditions, e.g., COPD, heart failure, obesity, mechanical ventilation - Evidence-based guidance on the implementation of inspiratory muscle resistance training - Over 150 functional exercises that incorporate a breathing challenge - www.physiobreathe.com - access up-to-date information, video clips of exercises and a three-month free trial of Physiotec's RMT exercise module (via www.physiotec.ca)
Author: Junjie Xiao
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811314357
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 618
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Book Description
The book addresses the development of muscle atrophy, which can be caused by denervation, disuse, excessive fasting, aging, and a variety of diseases including heart failure, chronic kidney diseases and cancers. Muscle atrophy reduces quality of life and increases morbidity and mortality worldwide. The book is divided into five parts, the first of which describes the general aspects of muscle atrophy including its characteristics, related economic and health burdens, and the current clinical therapy. Secondly, basic aspects of muscle atrophy including the composition, structure and function of skeletal muscle, muscle changes in response to atrophy, and experimental models are summarized. Thirdly, the book reviews the molecular mechanisms of muscle atrophy, including protein degradation and synthesis pathways, noncoding RNAs, inflammatory signaling, oxidative stress, mitochondria signaling, etc. Fourthly, it highlights the pathophysiological mechanisms of muscle atrophy in aging and disease. The book’s fifth and final part covers the diagnosis, treatment strategies, promising agents and future prospects of muscle atrophy. The book will appeal to a broad readership including scientists, undergraduate and graduate students in medicine and cell biology.
Author: William Frederick Brown
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1128
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Book Description
This new two-volume reference offers a practical approach to diseases of the muscle, neuro-muscular junction, and spinal cord. Volume I emphasises the pathophysiology of neuromuscular disease and its assessment using electrophysiological and radiological tools. Volume II focuses on the application of electrophysiological testing to the diagnosis and management of specific neuromuscular disorders. Edited by three respected experts, this essential resource also explores HIV, clinical trials, and neuromuscular disorders in critical care and the operating room. Integrates all the guidance needed to diagnose and manage the full range of neuromuscular diseases. Enhances the reader's ability to take neuromuscular histories, perform physical examinations, order and interpret laboratory tests, make effective management decisions and offer patients an accurate prognosis. Discusses new advances in electrophysiologic tests as well as genetic testing and the use of MRI to localize and diagnose neuromuscular conditions. Examines new management techniques such as the use of immunosuppressive drugs to treat Guillain-Barré syndrome, immune mediated peripheral neuropathy, myasthenia gravis and more. Features coverage of important topics such as HIV, clinical trials and neuromuscular disorders in critical care and the operating room. Details both adult and paediatric neuromuscular disorders. Reviews the basic science and genetics practicing physicians need to care effectively for their patients.
Author: Jerzy A. Zoladz
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128145943
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 619
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Book Description
Muscle and Exercise Physiology is a comprehensive reference covering muscle and exercise physiology, from basic science to advanced knowledge, including muscle power generating capabilities, muscle energetics, fatigue, aging and the cardio-respiratory system in exercise performance. Topics presented include the clinical importance of body responses to physical exercise, including its impact on oxygen species production, body immune system, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, cardiac energetics and its functional reserves, and the health-related effects of physical activity and inactivity. Novel topics like critical power, ROS and muscle, and heart muscle physiology are explored. This book is ideal for researchers and scientists interested in muscle and exercise physiology, as well as students in the biological sciences, including medicine, human movements and sport sciences. - Contains basic and state-of-the-art knowledge on the most important issues of muscle and exercise physiology, including muscle and body adaptation to physical training, the impact of aging and physical activity/inactivity - Provides both the basic and advanced knowledge required to understand mechanisms that limit physical capacity in both untrained people and top class athletes - Covers advanced content on muscle power generating capabilities, muscle energetics, fatigue and aging
