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Author: Victoria V Roshchina
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401725233
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
Ozone is a normal constituent of air but this gas becomes dangerous for living organism when its concentration in the troposphere is too high. Most previous studies of this substance examined it merely in its role as an earth screen for the biosphere or an air pollutant. This book will also view its derivatives (active oxygen species) at a molecular and cellular level, as substances that have both positive and negative effects on plant life. Plant cells will be considered as both recipients and sources of ozone, as well as possible biosensors and bioindicators for low and high concentrations of the compound.
Author: Victoria V Roshchina
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401725233
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
Ozone is a normal constituent of air but this gas becomes dangerous for living organism when its concentration in the troposphere is too high. Most previous studies of this substance examined it merely in its role as an earth screen for the biosphere or an air pollutant. This book will also view its derivatives (active oxygen species) at a molecular and cellular level, as substances that have both positive and negative effects on plant life. Plant cells will be considered as both recipients and sources of ozone, as well as possible biosensors and bioindicators for low and high concentrations of the compound.
Author: John Thomas Perchorowicz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ozone
Languages : en
Pages : 130
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Book Description
Author: Luis A. del Río
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642003907
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 245
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Book Description
Oxygen (O ) appeared in significant amounts in the Earth’s atmosphere over 2. 2 2 billion years ago, largely due to the evolution of photosynthesis by cyanobacteria (Halliwell 2006). The O molecule is a free radical, as it has two impaired electrons 2 that have the same spin quantum number. This spin restriction makes O prefer to 2 accept its electrons one at a time, leading to the generation of the so-called reactive oxygen species (ROS). The chemical nature of these species dictates that they can create damage in cells. This has contributed to the creation of the “oxidative stress” concept; in this view, ROS are unavoidable toxic products of O metabolism and 2 aerobic organisms have evolved antioxidant defences to protect against this tox- ity (Halliwell 1981; Fridovich 1998). Indeed, even in present-day plants, which are full of antioxidants, much of the protein synthetic activity of chloroplasts is used to replace oxidatively damaged D1 and other proteins (Halliwell 2006). Yet, the use of the “oxidative stress” term implies that ROS exert their effects through indiscriminate widespread inactivation of cellular functions. In this context, ROS must not be able to react with lipids, proteins or nucleic acids in order to avoid any damage to vital cellular components. However, genetic evidence has suggested that, in planta, purely physicoche- cal damage may be more limited than previously thought (Foyer and Noctor 2005).
Author: S.B. Agrawal
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN: 1527574970
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 653
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Book Description
This book presents updated and relevant information on the tropospheric ozone problem and its effects on the plants and human health. The contributions here present in-depth knowledge about history, pattern, sources, environmental factors and other necessary aspects of the tropospheric ozone problem. The book provides a balanced view of current developments on the effects of the tropospheric ozone on plant and human health, crop production and ecosystem services. In addition to the effects of the tropospheric ozone on growth and physiological and biochemical traits, it also considers the molecular basis of plant responses to ozone. The book encompasses a holistic view on various interconnected issues of ozone pollution, and will appeal to scientists from all over the world.
Author: K. Omasa
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 4431683887
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 455
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Book Description
Air pollution is ubiquitous in industrialized societies, causing a host of environmental problems. It is thus essential to monitor and reduce pollution levels. A number of plant species already are being exploited as detectors (for phytomonitoring) and as scavengers (for phytoremediation) of air pollutants. With advances in biotechnology, it is now feasible to modify plants for a wider range of phytomonitoring and phytoremediation applications. Air Pollution and Plant Biotechnology presents recent results in this field, including plant responses during phytomonitoring, pollution-resistant plant species, imaging diagnosis of plant responses, and the use of novel transgenic plants, along with reviews of basic plant physiology and biochemistry where appropriate. Researchers and students working in plant biotechnology and the environmental sciences or considering new areas of investigation will find this volume a valuable reference.
Author: Dirk Inze
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203303148
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 417
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Book Description
Plants depend on physiological mechanisms to combat adverse environmental conditions, such as pathogen attack, wounding, drought, cold, freezing, salt, UV, intense light, heavy metals and SO2. Many of these cause excess production of active oxygen species in plant cells. Plants have evolved complex defense systems against such oxidative stress. The
Author: Heinrich Sandermann
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540613213
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 432
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Book Description
The idea for this book arose in 1993, after the Free State of Bavaria through its Bayrisches Staatsministerium rur Landesentwicklung und Umweltfragen (Bavarian Ministry of Regional Development and the Environment) decided to discontinue both the Bavarian project management (PBWU) for forest decline research and the multidisciplinary field research on the Wank Mountain in the Alps near Garmisch. Forest decline through the action of ozone and other photooxidants was a main topic of the supported re search in the Alps and will be a topic of new investigations in the Bavarian Forest. Many interesting results were obtained, but the researchers involved have not had sufficient time to allow reliable conclusions to be drawn. It was therefore decided to ask inter national experts for contributions in order to summarize the best available evidence of a possible link between ozone and forest decline - a topic which has been studied in the USA since the late 1950s and in Europe since the early 1980s. The original idea of Waldsterben as an irreversible large-scale dieback of forests in Germany was soon recognized to be wrong (Forschungsbeirat 1989). However, the new criteria used for the official German and European damage inventories (loss or yel lowing of needles or leaves, tree morphology) indicate that per sistently high percentages of damaged spruce and pine remain, and there is an increasing percentage of damaged beech and oak, with a high proportion of biotic disease (Forschungsbeirat 1989; UN-ECE 1995).
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309046319
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 525
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Book Description
Despite more than 20 years of regulatory efforts, concern is widespread that ozone pollution in the lower atmosphere, or troposphere, threatens the health of humans, animals, and vegetation. This book discusses how scientific information can be used to develop more effective regulations to control ozone. Rethinking the Ozone Problem in Urban and Regional Air Pollution discusses: The latest data and analysis on how tropospheric ozone is formed. How well our measurement techniques are functioning. Deficiencies in efforts to date to control the problem. Approaches to reducing ozone precursor emissions that hold the most promise. What additional research is needed. With a wealth of technical information, the book discusses atmospheric chemistry, the role of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ozone formation, monitoring and modeling the formation and transport processes, and the potential contribution of alternative fuels to solving the tropospheric ozone problem. The committee discusses criteria for designing more effective ozone control efforts. Because of its direct bearing on decisions to be made under the Clean Air Act, this book should be of great interest to environmental advocates, industry, and the regulatory community as well as scientists, faculty, and students.
Author: William V. Dashek
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470976861
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
Plant Cells and Their Organelles provides a comprehensive overview of the structure and function of plant organelles. The text focuses on subcellular organelles while also providing relevant background on plant cells, tissues and organs. Coverage of the latest methods of light and electron microscopy and modern biochemical procedures for the isolation and identification of organelles help to provide a thorough and up-to-date companion text to the field of plant cell and subcellular biology. The book is designed as an advanced text for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students with student-friendly diagrams and clear explanations.
Author: Golam Jalal Ahammed
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9401777586
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 269
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Book Description
This book presents recent advances in understanding the physiological and molecular mechanisms of different abiotic stresses such as high or low temperature, salinity, drought, flooding, soil acidity, heavy metals, light stress and ozone stress, and discusses the multifaceted role of phytohormones in stress adaptation and the underlying mechanisms. Aimed at students and researchers in the field of plant science, it offers a comprehensive overview of the versatile roles and interactions of different phytohormones in response to a specific stress factor and examines the possible physiological and molecular mechanisms that have been the subject of recent research.
