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Author: Tao Huang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
We find a positive relationship between individual stocks' implied variance asymmetry, defined as the difference between upside and downside risk-neutral semivariances extracted from out-of-money options, and future stock returns. The high-minus-low hedge portfolio earns the excess return of 0.90% (0.67%) per month in equal-weighted (value-weighted) returns. We show that implied variance asymmetry provides a neat measure of risk-neutral skewness and outperforms the standard risk-neutral skewness in predicting the cross-section of future stock returns. Risk-based equilibrium asset pricing models can not explain such a positive relationship, which instead can be potentially explained by information asymmetry and informed trading.
Author: Tao Huang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
We find a positive relationship between individual stocks' implied variance asymmetry, defined as the difference between upside and downside risk-neutral semivariances extracted from out-of-money options, and future stock returns. The high-minus-low hedge portfolio earns the excess return of 0.90% (0.67%) per month in equal-weighted (value-weighted) returns. We show that implied variance asymmetry provides a neat measure of risk-neutral skewness and outperforms the standard risk-neutral skewness in predicting the cross-section of future stock returns. Risk-based equilibrium asset pricing models can not explain such a positive relationship, which instead can be potentially explained by information asymmetry and informed trading.
Author: Hui Guo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 77
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Book Description
Using options-implied variance, a forward-looking measure of conditional variance, we revisit the debate on the idiosyncratic risk-return relation. In both cross-sectional (for individual stocks) and time-series (for the market index) regressions, we find a negative relation between options-implied variance and future stock returns. Consistent with Miller's (1977) divergence of opinion hypothesis, the negative relation gets stronger (1) for stocks with more stringent short-sale constraints or (2) when shorting stocks becomes more difficult. Moreover, the negative correlation of realized idiosyncratic variance or analyst forecast dispersion with future stock returns mainly reflects their close correlation with our conditional idiosyncratic variance measure.
Author: Turan G. Bali
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 67
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Book Description
We develop an ex-ante measure of expected stock returns based on analyst price targets. We then show that ex-ante measures of volatility, skewness, and kurtosis implied from stock option prices are positively related to the cross section of ex-ante expected stock returns. While expected returns are related to both the systematic and unsystematic components of volatility, only the unsystematic components of skewness and kurtosis are related to the cross section of expected stock returns after controlling for other variables known to be related to the cross section of expected stock returns or analyst forecast bias.
Author: Ronald Jared DeLisle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 100
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Book Description
ABSTRACT: This dissertation examines if information extracted from the options markets is priced in the cross-section of equity returns and whether or not this information is a systematic risk factor. Several versions of the Intertemporal Capital Asset Pricing Model predict that changes in aggregate volatility are priced into the cross-section of stock returns. Literature confirms that changes in expected future market volatility are priced into the cross-section of stock returns. Several of these studies use the VIX Index as proxy for future market volatility, and suggest that it is a risk factor. However, prior studies do not test whether asymmetric volatility affects if firm sensitivity to changes in VIX is related to risk, or is just a characteristic uniformly affecting all firms. The first chapter of my dissertation examines the asymmetric relation of stock returns and changes in VIX. The study finds that sensitivity to VIX innovations affects returns when volatility is rising, but not when it is falling. When VIX rises this sensitivity is a priced risk factor, but when it falls there is a positive impact on all stocks irrespective of VIX loadings. The second essay of my dissertation uses the second, third, and fourth moments of the risk-neutral density extracted from options on the S & P 500 as the proxy for changes in the expected future market return distribution rather than just the VIX index. The VIX index, while easily obtained, contains limited information due to its construction. The risk-neutral moments map one-to-one to the real-world volatility smile from market options, and contain all the information in the cross-section of market option moneyness and provide a richer proxy for changes in expected future market return distribution. The analyses find that positive change in risk-neutral skewness is a risk-factor and that change in risk-neutral kurtosis is not. The evidence for change in risk-neutral volatility being a risk factor, however, is ambiguous.
Author: Richard D. F. Harris
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 30
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Book Description
We investigate the cross-sectional relationship between stock returns and a number of measures of option-implied beta. Using portfolio analysis, we show that the method proposed by Buss and Vilkov (2012) leads to a stronger relationship between implied beta and stock returns than other approaches. However, using the Fama and MacBeth (1973) cross-section regression methodology, we show that the relationship is not robust to the inclusion of other firm characteristics. We further show that a similar result holds for implied downside beta. We therefore conclude that there is no robust relation between option-implied beta and returns.
Author: Te-Feng Chen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Using forward-looking information in the options market, we introduce a new method for better identifying systematic market risk as a predictor for the cross-section of stock returns. Empirical results show that there is a significantly positive relation between our option-implied beta and subsequent stock returns, in which a long-short portfolio formed on the option-implied beta generates an average monthly risk-adjusted return of 0.96%. In support of its economic significance, we further find that our option-implied beta significantly predicts the future realized betas and that the associated risk premium is a strong predictor of future market returns.
Author: Minh Nguyen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 49
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Book Description
This study examines a market-wide liquidity measure based on the systematic deviations from Put-Call parity in the U.S. equity option markets. We show that this implied liquidity measure provides forward-looking information about market returns and significantly explains the cross-sectional variations of stock returns. We show that investing in the stocks with the largest exposure to the innovations in the implied liquidity and shorting the stocks with the smallest generate significant returns of about 7.3 percent per annum. The explanatory power of implied liquidity for the cross-sectional variations of stock returns remain robust after controlling for various liquidity influences, the short-selling constraints and the effects of information asymmetry.
Author: Hye-hyun Park
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 46
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Book Description
We propose a measure for the convexity of an option-implied volatility curve, IV convexity, as a forward-looking measure of excess tail-risk contribution to the perceived variance of underlying equity returns. Using equity options data for individual U.S.-listed stocks during 2000-2013, we find that the average return differential between the lowest and highest IV convexity quintile portfolios exceeds 1% per month, which is both economically and statistically significant on a risk-adjusted basis. Our empirical findings indicate the contribution of informed options trading to price discovery in terms of the realization of tail-risk aversion in the stock market.
Author: Byeong-Je An
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Economics
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Stocks with large increases in call implied volatilities over the previous month tend to have high future returns while stocks with large increases in put implied volatilities over the previous month tend to have low future returns. Sorting stocks ranked into decile portfolios by past call implied volatilities produces spreads in average returns of approximately 1% per month, and the return differences persist up to six months. The cross section of stock returns also predicts option-implied volatilities, with stocks with high past returns tending to have call and put option contracts which exhibit increases in implied volatility over the next month, but with decreasing realized volatility. These predictability patterns are consistent with rational models of informed trading.
Author: Dean Diavatopoulos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 33
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Book Description
Current literature is inconclusive as to whether idiosyncratic risk influences future stock returns and the direction of the impact. Prior studies are based on historical realized volatility. Implied volatilities from option prices represent the market's assessment of future risk and are likely a superior measure to historical realized volatility. We use implied idiosyncratic volatilities on firms with traded options to examine the relation between idiosyncratic volatility and future returns. We find a strong positive link between implied idiosyncratic risk and future returns. After considering the impact of implied idiosyncratic volatility, historical realized idiosyncratic volatility is unimportant. This performance is strongly tied to small size and high book-to-market equity firms.
