Author: Kacey A. Cannon
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Corn
Languages : en
Pages : 113

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Book Description
Although soybean (Glycine max L.) yields have increased over the past decade, even greater improvement is in demand. Nontraditional practices such as applying nitrogen (N) to soybean for yield optimization, might be one way to meet this demand. Also, sulfur (S) is becoming a more important limiting nutrient in production due to higher yielding crops, lower S containing production inputs, and reduced supply from the environment. The N study involved two environments, irrigated and dryland, in Milan (35.9198° N, 88.7589° W) and Jackson (35.6145° N, 88.8139° W), TN in 2015 and 2016. Urea fertilizer treatments were 34, 67, and 101 kg N ha−1 (per hectare). Soybean height, nodes per plant, total biomass weight, biomass N concentration, total nodules per plant, total active nodules per plant, total adolescent nodules per plant, total nodule weight per plant, 100 seed weight, and yield were collected to evaluate treatment effects. Data analysis concluded that N applications significantly increased plant height, plant nodes, and plant biomass of soybean. However, N treatments significantly reduced active and adolescent nodule production. Soybean yield was not significantly increased by the N applications. The irrigated sites yielded at or below the dryland comparison, probably due to lodging, which may have compromised yield potential. The S study included soybean and corn (Zea mays L.) experiments, which were conducted in an S deficient soil in Milan, TN in 2015 and 2016. Ammonium sulfate treatments were 11, 23, and 34 kg S ha−1 (per hectare). Plant height, leaf S concentrations, seed S and N concentrations, 100 seed weight, and yield were collected to evaluate treatment effects. Data analysis concluded that S application significantly increased leaf S concentrations in corn but not soybean. Soybean and corn seed S was significantly increased but not seed N. Soybean yield was not increased, but corn yield was significantly increased 16% across all S rates, with no significant differences detected among S rates. Overall, results indicate N affected soybean growth and nodule development while the impact on yield was not demonstrated. In deficient soils, S fertilizer may improve corn yields, but may not be economical for soybean.

Author: Mansoor Tasdighi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Crop yields
Languages : en
Pages : 158

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Book Description

Author: Fernando Salvagiotti
Publisher: ProQuest
ISBN: 9780549637431
Category : Nitrogen fertilizers
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Justin Michael McCoy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 76

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Book Description
Soybean (Glycine max[L.] Merr.) has become one of the main agricultural grain crops produced in the United States. Soybean production continues to increase in high-yield environments throughout the U.S. New innovations are required to sustain gains in soybean yield potential. Field experiments were conducted at the Delta Research and Extension Center in Stoneville, MS in 2014 and 2015 to evaluate soybean aboveground biomass and grain yield response to supplemental N fertilization in a high-yielding environment on two soil textures commonly cropped to soybean in Mississippi. Greenhouse studies were conducted in 2016 at the Delta Research and Extension Center in Stoneville, MS to evaluate the influence of supplemental N fertilization on nodule formation and belowground biomass of soybean on two soil textures commonly cropped to soybean in Mississippi.

Author: Minobu Kasai
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535131176
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 260

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Book Description
Soybean is one of the organisms largely contributing to our life. Therefore, it is important to know soybean from various aspects. The knowledge and soybean itself will be greatly useful, if they are soundly used. The chapters constituting this book present reviews and researches especially concerning the basis of yield, biomass, and productivity in soybean. Yield, biomass, and productivity in plants are some of the bases for maintaining or improving our ecosystem which includes our life and surrounding environments. Therefore, this book is expected to be useful for many people. Of course, more researches and investigations are important to further gain the knowledge concerning the basis of yield, biomass, and productivity and make them useful for our ecosystem.

Author: Osler Antonio Amador Ortez
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields have continuously increased over time. Seed yields are determined by the genotype, environment, and management practices (G × E × M) interaction. Closing yield gaps require a continuous improvement in the use of the available resources, which must be attained via implementation of better management decisions. Linear relationships between seed yield and nitrogen (N) demand are reported in the scientific literature. Main sources of N to the plant are the biological N fixation (BNF) and the soil mineralization processes. On overall, only 50-60% of soybean N demand is met by the BNF process. An unanswered scientific knowledge is still related to the ability of the BNF to satisfy soybean N demand at varying yield levels. Seed N demand not met by N fixation plus soil mineral N, is then fulfilled by the remobilization of N from vegetative organs during the seed filling period. An early remobilization process reduces the photosynthetic activity (leaves) and can limit seed yield. The objectives of this project were to: i) study yield improvements and contribution of N via utilization of contrasting N conditions under historical and modern soybean genotypes, and ii) quantify main seed N sources during the seed filling period. For objective one, four field experiments were conducted during the 2016 and 2017 growing seasons in Kansas, United States (US) and Santa Fe Province, Argentina (ARG). Those experiments investigated twenty-one historical and modern soybean genotypes with release decades from 1980s to 2010s. As for objective two, three field experiments were conducted during the 2015 and 2016 growing seasons in Kansas, US, studying three soybean genotypes: non-roundup ready (RR), released in 1997; RR-1, released in 2009; and RR-2, released in 2014. Across all studies, seeds were inoculated and tested under three N management strategies: i) control without N application (Zero-N); ii) 56 kg N ha−1 applied at reproductive growth stages (Late-N); and iii) 670 kg ha−1 equally split at three timings (Full-N). As for yield improvements and N limitation, soybean yield improvements from the 1980s to 2010s were documented, representing 29% increases in the US and 21% in ARG. Regarding N management, the Full-N fertilization produced a 12% increase in seed yields in the US and 4% in ARG. As for main seed N sources in objective two, remobilization accounted for 59% of seed N demand, and was negatively related to new N uptake occurring during the seed filling period. Seed N demand for greater yields was dependent on both, N remobilization and new N uptake, while for lower yields, seed N demand was mainly supported by the N remobilization process. These results suggest that: a) high seed yields are somehow limited by the availability of N to express their potential, although the question about N application still remains to be fully investigated, as related to the timing and the environment by plant interactions that could promote a N limitation in soybeans; b) remobilization accounts for majority (59%) of N sourced to the seed, and c) high yielding soybean (modern genotypes) rely on diverse N sources: the N remobilization process plus new uptake of N.

Author: DEVENDRA GOUD B
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 73

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Book Description

Author: Sami Ali Muhammad Hamid
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soybean
Languages : en
Pages : 130

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Book Description

Author: Timothy S. Maloney
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 346

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Book Description

Author: Dietrich Werner
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9781402035425
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 380

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Book Description
Sustainability has a major part to play in the global challenge of continued development of regions, countries, and continents all around the World and biological nitrogen fixation has a key role in this process. This volume begins with chapters specifically addressing crops of major global importance, such as soybeans, rice, and sugar cane. It continues with a second important focus, agroforestry, and describes the use and promise of both legume trees with their rhizobial symbionts and other nitrogen-fixing trees with their actinorhizal colonization. An over-arching theme of all chapters is the interaction of the plants and trees with microbes and this theme allows other aspects of soil microbiology, such as interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the impact of soil-stress factors on biological nitrogen fixation, to be addressed. Furthermore, a link to basic science occurs through the inclusion of chapters describing the biogeochemically important nitrogen cycle and its key relationships among nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification. The volume then provides an up-to-date view of the production of microbial inocula, especially those for legume crops.