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Author: Marine Policy Center (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Abyssal zone
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Marine Policy Center (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Abyssal zone
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 10
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Book Description
Author: Giulia Romano
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN: 1800438885
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
The book provides an overview of best practices in urban waste management in the zero waste framework, assuming a multidisciplinary perspective. By analysing exemplary cases of firms and local governments, significant ownership, governance, and performance issues are discussed, along with key drivers of sustainable urban waste management.
Author: Johnathon L. Dulin
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781423568261
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 113
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Book Description
The United States Air Force has recently defined three objectives in developing strategies regarding the management of municipal solid waste at the base level. They are: (1) 50 percent reduction in total waste generated, from a 1992 baseline amount, by 1999; (2) 50 percent recycling of all waste generated, beginning in 1999; and, (3) a minimum cost program. With these objectives in mind, base environmental engineers must take appropriate actions in an effort to develop a program that meets these goals. Through consultations with base environmental managers, as well as research of the available literature, a decision support model was constructed to aid the decision maker in selecting a program that shows the best performance relative to these objectives. This model considers decisions regarding waste collection methods, waste reduction methods, and waste incineration. Sensitivity analysis is used to determine the most important variables in the model. Finally, the model and resulting analysis provide the decision makers with valuable insight concerning the selection and implementation of a municipal solid waste management policy.
Author: Suchismita Satapathy
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000401014
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 267
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Book Description
This book addresses the problem of waste management by using multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods. The authors discuss how to apply MCDM, a complex decision-making tool that involves both quantitative and qualitative factors, to develop strategies for effective waste management using various optimization models to rank alternatives, while also incorporating the concerns and needs of multiple stakeholders to find the most optimal decisions for various types of wastes. Typically, there does not exist a single optimal solution to waste problems; with help of MCDM, far better solutions can often be found and utilized to facilitate sustainable waste management techniques in various industries. This book provides unique, effective, and quick decision-making strategies for waste management. With the ever-increasing population and continuing human development, the problem of managing waste becomes increasingly essential, and this volume helps lead the way to finding sustainable solutions.
Author: Giulia Romano
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN: 1800438907
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 100
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Book Description
The book provides an overview of best practices in urban waste management in the zero waste framework, assuming a multidisciplinary perspective. By analysing exemplary cases of firms and local governments, significant ownership, governance, and performance issues are discussed, along with key drivers of sustainable urban waste management.
Author: Ni-Bin Chang
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118964535
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 936
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Book Description
This book presents the application of system analysis techniques with case studies to help readers learn how the techniques can be applied, how the problems are solved, and which sustainable management strategies can be reached.
Author: Joseph Cameron Hebda
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Compost
Languages : en
Pages : 484
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Book Description
"The purpose of this research was to explore the benefits and challenges of implementing a sustainable system for managing household organic material (HHOM) in the city of Rochester, NY. Elsewhere in the United States and the world, HHOM (I.e. excess food, yard matter, and compostable paper) has been increasingly diverted from landfills to organic waste-to-energy and composting pathways [...]. Landfill diversion is enabled by municipal projects that support source separation of HHOM out of the municipal solid waste (MSW) stream, thereby extracting valuable organic resources for higher-value processing (NYSDEC 2010). This has been done to increase the profitability of HHOM management (Eriksson et al. 2005) while simultaneously achieving benefits to the environment (e.g. life-cycle greenhouse gas reductions) [...] and society (e.g. community resilience; food security; local agriculture) [...]. It was hypothesized in this research that an effectively planned and implemented municipal project designed to increase processing of HHOM in organic waste-to-energy or composting pathways would sustainably bolster economic, social, and environmental assets in the city of Rochester, NY. The first step in testing this assertion involved gathering data on the social sustainability of a project utilizing source separated HHOM. Surveys and interviews of potential project participants in the Southeast section of the city of Rochester, NY were conducted to examine residents' a) likelihood of project participation, b) economic incentives to reduce MSW generation and HHOM source separation, c) current HHOM management behaviors, and d) awareness of available HHOM management pathways. Resident survey and interview responses indicated that residents are likely to reduce MSW generation and to participate in curbside collection of source separated HHOM, as long as these goals are incentivized. In addition, composting was found to be the most well-known pathway for HHOM management. Additional education is required to increase awareness of the other pathways for managing HHOM, yet residents indicated that they are interested in purchasing pathway products (i.e. locally produced energy and compost). The survey and interview data indicated a need for incentivizing sustainable HHOM management behaviors. Thus, it was essential to determine the most cost-effective municipal project to drive source separation of HHOM. A literature review was conducted of projects in locales achieving high landfill diversion of HHOM to identify the best policy options. The findings indicated that the ideal project to support source separation of HHOM in Rochester, NY is weight-based MSW pricing (also known as pay-as-you-throw) with free organic collection. The financial impacts of implementing a pay-as-you-throw (PAYT) project in the city of Rochester, NY were analyzed using a cost-benefit analysis (CBA). Development of the CBA model addressed the uncertainty in the financial impacts of implementing the PAYT project by conducting the analysis for multiple scenarios of key parameters such as actual resident HHOM source separation and MSW reduction behaviors. Data required to build scenarios was based on documented source separation and MSW generation performance for new and established PAYT projects. For each scenario, optimal MSW prices were found where municipal budget was maximized without reducing the average household budget. Then, project net present value was calculated. Weight-based PAYT project net present value (NPV) to the municipal solid waste collection budget for the City of Rochester Department of Environmental Services was calculated. The project NPV is between $12,100,000 and $18,100,000, with a projected increase in average city household budget over the 11 year project life. The project was shown to have annual positive net cash flows between $1,300,000 under a conservative MSW source reduction scenario and $2,100,000 with an optimistic source reduction scenario. At current City of Rochester solid waste collection budget levels of $17,300,000, the project would reduce annual expenditures by 8% [...]. Finally, under the PAYT project examined in this research, city of Rochester residence would produce 10,000-20,000 MT less MSW. The surveys, interviews, and CBA showed the promise of implementing a project to utilize source separated HHOM. However, it remained unclear what local pathways were economically optimal (i.e. profit-maximizing) for processing excess food, compostable paper, and yard trimming feedstocks from households in the city of Rochester. The product yields, costs, and revenues are different for HHOM processing pathways, and can depend on the chemical properties of feedstocks. Due to these uncertainties, investment in sustainable HHOM infrastructure could be stymied unless the most profitable HHOM management pathways are identified. This was investigated by creating an engineering-economic model using the What'sBEST! Add-in for Microsoft Excel. The model looked at four management pathways for source separated HHOM: landfills with gas capture (i.e. status quo for Rochester, NY), plus anaerobic digestion (AD), simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), and windrow composting. Model indicators included pathway revenues (e.g. product sales and tipping fees), pathway costs (e.g. trucking, capital, operations), as well as feedstock chemical parameters. Empirical data was collected for biomethane potential (mL CH4 / g volatile solids) of representative HH food and compostable paper material using gas chromatography. Baseline results indicate that $3,000,000 in profit can be made from HHOM with profit-maximizing processing pathways. In the baseline, anaerobic digestion was optimal for food, SSF was optimal for yard trimmings, and composting was optimal for compostable paper. Landfills with gas capture were not economically optimal for the HHOM feedstocks. In the case of a single-stream HHOM collection scheme, the baseline model shows that anaerobic digestion is the most profitable pathway. Sensitivity analysis showed that product revenues were the primary drivers of profitability among profit-maximizing HHOM pathways. On the other hand, pathway tipping fees and feedstock trucking costs have a relatively minimal impact on profits. This research showed that updating HHOM management policy and practice in the city of Rochester, NY will maximize local environmental, social, and economic performance. this can and should be achieved with the expansion of AD, composting, and SSF infrastructure in place of landfills with gas capture."--Abstract.
Author: Peter G. Rundle
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030123995
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 321
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Book Description
This volume outlines a progressively staged process focused on fostering a more effective, more efficient, and greener global construction industry. The research-based book commences with an evaluation of eight methodologies identified after a worldwide literature and compliance review. It is followed by a more detailed report on four of these options, with the ultimate objective of independent selection within the construction engineering community of a single most appropriate methodology as the approach for further, more-detailed investigation. The eight methodologies were selected against six key performance indicators developed as assessment criteria and include knowledge management, lean construction, construction contract procurement practices, optimal work duration on site, construction site waste, rationalization of construction safety regulations, sustainable construction labor force, and portfolio project development. A primary outcome of the selected methodology being a triple bottom-line benefit to key stakeholders, commercially and also to the ecology, along with the community at large. Front-end construction waste strategies to serve as best practices to minimize waste generated by construction projects was the methodology selected for detailed research. The text also covers the primary sources of construction waste. The book is ideal for civil and construction engineers as well as project developers; managers and public sector waste management specialists.
Author: Johnathon L. Dulin
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781423568353
Category : Decision support systems
Languages : en
Pages : 114
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Book Description
The United States Air Force has recently defined three objectives in developing strategies regarding the management of municipal solid waste at the base level. They are: (1) 50 percent reduction in total waste generated, from a 1992 baseline amount, by 1999; (2) 50 percent recycling of all waste generated, beginning in 1999; and, (3) a minimum cost program. With these objectives in mind, base environmental engineers must take appropriate actions in an effort to develop a program that meets these goals. Through consultations with base environmental managers, as well as research of the available literature, a decision support model was constructed to aid the decision maker in selecting a program that shows the best performance relative to these objectives. This model considers decisions regarding waste collection methods, waste reduction methods, and waste incineration. Sensitivity analysis is used to determine the most important variables in the model. Finally, the model and resulting analysis provide the decision makers with valuable insight concerning the selection and implementation of a municipal solid waste management policy.
