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Author: Fang He
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 137
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Book Description
Electricity. The interactions lead to an equilibrium state that can be formulated into a convex mathematical program. We then examine how to allocate the public charging station budget among metropolitan areas in a particular region to maximize social welfare associated with the coupled transportation and power networks. For a particular metropolitan area, given the allocated budget limit, we consider the problem of how to determine the number, locations and types of charging stations within the budget limit. Assuming the locations and types of public charging stations are given, we first develop network equilibrium models with BEVs. Based on the proposed equilibrium models, station location plans are then optimized to maximize social welfare. Lastly, we investigate the operations of public charging stations with a focus on optimizing the prices of electricity at public charging stations.
Author: Fang He
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 137
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Book Description
Electricity. The interactions lead to an equilibrium state that can be formulated into a convex mathematical program. We then examine how to allocate the public charging station budget among metropolitan areas in a particular region to maximize social welfare associated with the coupled transportation and power networks. For a particular metropolitan area, given the allocated budget limit, we consider the problem of how to determine the number, locations and types of charging stations within the budget limit. Assuming the locations and types of public charging stations are given, we first develop network equilibrium models with BEVs. Based on the proposed equilibrium models, station location plans are then optimized to maximize social welfare. Lastly, we investigate the operations of public charging stations with a focus on optimizing the prices of electricity at public charging stations.
Author: Li Zhang
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781321094558
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 224
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Book Description
Conventional light duty vehicle fleets and petroleum are firmly bonded. It is leading to several issues, such as energy security, greenhouse gas (GHG) and criteria pollutant emissions. Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), including plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and battery electric vehicles (BEVs), have the potential to break this bond and improve the energy and environmental landscape of personal transportation. The United States, especially the state of California is very proactive in promoting PEV adoption. Several regulations and laws have been passed to stimulate PEV growth, including the Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Regulation and Assembly Bill 32 (Climate Change). However, society faces three main challenges associated with PEV deployment from the perspective of charging infrastructure. This dissertation addresses each step by step. First, a methodology is established to quantify the energy impact of PEVs. In particular, a travel behavior based PEV operating/charging model is made to characterize fleet-wide energy consumption with different PEV parameters and charging infrastructure scenarios, such as location, power level and charging time strategy. Second, PEVs face the hurdle of access to charging infrastructure. Consequently, question has to be answered as to what types, locations, and quantities of electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) will be required. For this purpose, an optimal charging strategy based on 24-hour travel patterns is formulated to minimize operating cost. With that, the approximation of the Level 1 and Level 2 EVSE needed at different types of location categories is proposed. As an alternative infrastructure solution for BEVs, Level 3 DC fast charging stations are also investigated in terms of location allocation. Third, a massive population of PEVs has the potential to change the grid operation. To this end, a durable decentralized charging protocol is proposed and verified for coordinating individual PEVs with grid operation such that grid-level optimality can be achieved.
Author: Alam, Mohammad Saad
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1799868605
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 343
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Book Description
The increase in air pollution and vehicular emissions has led to the development of the renewable energy-based generation and electrification of transportation. Further, the electrification shift faces an enormous challenge due to limited driving range, long charging time, and high initial cost of deployment. Firstly, there has been a discussion on renewable energy such as how wind power and solar power can be generated by wind turbines and photovoltaics, respectively, while these are intermittent in nature. The combination of these renewable energy resources with available power generation system will make electric vehicle (EV) charging sustainable and viable after the payback period. Recently, there has also been a significant discussion focused on various EV charging types and the level of power for charging to minimize the charging time. By focusing on both sustainable and renewable energy, as well as charging infrastructures and technologies, the future for EV can be explored. Developing Charging Infrastructure and Technologies for Electric Vehicles reviews and discusses the state of the art in electric vehicle charging technologies, their applications, economic, environmental, and social impact, and integration with renewable energy. This book captures the state of the art in electric vehicle charging infrastructure deployment, their applications, architectures, and relevant technologies. In addition, this book identifies potential research directions and technologies that facilitate insights on EV charging in various charging places such as smart home charging, parking EV charging, and charging stations. This book will be essential for power system architects, mechanics, electrical engineers, practitioners, developers, practitioners, researchers, academicians, and students interested in the problems and solutions to the state-of-the-art status of electric vehicles.
Author: Daniel Sperling
Publisher: Island Press
ISBN: 161091905X
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 253
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Book Description
Front Cover -- About Island Press -- Subscribe -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1. Will the Transportation Revolutions Improve Our Lives-- or Make Them Worse? -- 2. Electric Vehicles: Approaching the Tipping Point -- 3. Shared Mobility: The Potential of Ridehailing and Pooling -- 4. Vehicle Automation: Our Best Shot at a Transportation Do-Over? -- 5. Upgrading Transit for the Twenty-First Century -- 6. Bridging the Gap between Mobility Haves and Have-Nots -- 7. Remaking the Auto Industry -- 8. The Dark Horse: Will China Win the Electric, Automated, Shared Mobility Race? -- Epilogue -- Notes -- About the Contributors -- Index -- IP Board of Directors
Author: Walter Leal Filho
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331913194X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
Focusing on technical, policy and social/societal practices and innovations for electrified transport for personal, public and freight purposes, this book provides a state-of-the-art overview of developments in e-mobility in Europe and the West Coast of the USA. It serves as a learning base for further implementing and commercially developing this field for the benefit of society, the environment and public health, as well as for economic development and private industry. A fast-growing, interdisciplinary sector, electric mobility links engineering, infrastructure, environment, transport and sustainable development. But despite the relevance of the topic, few publications have ever attempted to document or promote the wide range of electric mobility initiatives and projects taking place today. Addressing this need, this publication consists of case studies, reports on technological developments and examples of successful infrastructure installation in cities, which document current initiatives and serve as an inspiration for others.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309268524
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 395
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Book Description
For a century, almost all light-duty vehicles (LDVs) have been powered by internal combustion engines operating on petroleum fuels. Energy security concerns about petroleum imports and the effect of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on global climate are driving interest in alternatives. Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels assesses the potential for reducing petroleum consumption and GHG emissions by 80 percent across the U.S. LDV fleet by 2050, relative to 2005. This report examines the current capability and estimated future performance and costs for each vehicle type and non-petroleum-based fuel technology as options that could significantly contribute to these goals. By analyzing scenarios that combine various fuel and vehicle pathways, the report also identifies barriers to implementation of these technologies and suggests policies to achieve the desired reductions. Several scenarios are promising, but strong, and effective policies such as research and development, subsidies, energy taxes, or regulations will be necessary to overcome barriers, such as cost and consumer choice.
Author: Sumedha Rajakaruna
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9812873171
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 329
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Book Description
This book covers the recent research advancements in the area of charging strategies that can be employed to accommodate the anticipated high deployment of Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEVs) in smart grids. Recent literature has focused on various potential issues of uncoordinated charging of PEVs and methods of overcoming such challenges. After an introduction to charging coordination paradigms of PEVs, this book will present various ways the coordinated control can be accomplished. These innovative approaches include hierarchical coordinated control, model predictive control, optimal control strategies to minimize load variance, smart PEV load management based on load forecasting, integrating renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic arrays to supplement grid power, using wireless communication networks to coordinate the charging load of a smart grid and using market price of electricity and customers payment to coordinate the charging load. Hence, this book proposes many new strategies proposed recently by the researchers around the world to address the issues related to coordination of charging load of PEVs in a future smart grid.
Author: Priyadarshan Patil
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Electric vehicle (EV) market growth is critical to achieving sustainable development goals, governing aspirations to achieve full-scale electrification targets across the globe. Increasing EV sales have shifted the focus of researchers from EV adoption to new operational challenges such as the optimal deployment of charging stations and grid load management, which in turn also affects EV adoption. These challenges require an accurate characterization of EV user charging behavior, especially with evolving battery technology and driving ranges. This study critically reviews approaches and data sources used to elicit EV charging behavior and patterns from a demand-side perspective and investigates how supply-side studies on charging infrastructure deployment and management incorporate charging behavior. We observe a noticeable disconnect between both strands of the literature, as supply-side studies still rely on simplistic assumptions about charging behavior and focus on a handful of aspects in isolation. More specifically, several studies either consider personal EVs or ride-hailing services with only public fast-charging infrastructure while ignoring available home/work charging infrastructure. We recommend shifting from this silo approach to a system-level dynamic planning framework where future charging demand is forecasted by combining charging behavior models with the models to forecast travel demand and EV adoption, followed by an integration of demand information into the supply-side optimization. The framework can thus capture complex supply-demand interactions and inform the charging infrastructure planning policies, laying out a roadmap for emerging and mature EV markets.
Author: National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Overcoming Barriers to Electric-Vehicle Deployment
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780309372176
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
In the past few years, interest in plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) has grown. Advances in battery and other technologies, new federal standards for carbon-dioxide emissions and fuel economy, state zero-emission-vehicle requirements, and the current administration's goal of putting millions of alternative-fuel vehicles on the road have all highlighted PEVs as a transportation alternative. Consumers are also beginning to recognize the advantages of PEVs over conventional vehicles, such as lower operating costs, smoother operation, and better acceleration; the ability to fuel up at home; and zero tailpipe emissions when the vehicle operates solely on its battery. There are, however, barriers to PEV deployment, including the vehicle cost, the short all-electric driving range, the long battery charging time, uncertainties about battery life, the few choices of vehicle models, and the need for a charging infrastructure to support PEVs. What should industry do to improve the performance of PEVs and make them more attractive to consumers? At the request of Congress, Overcoming Barriers to Deployment of Plug-in Electric Vehicles identifies barriers to the introduction of electric vehicles and recommends ways to mitigate these barriers. This report examines the characteristics and capabilities of electric vehicle technologies, such as cost, performance, range, safety, and durability, and assesses how these factors might create barriers to widespread deployment. Overcoming Barriers to Deployment of Plug-in Electric Vehicles provides an overview of the current status of PEVs and makes recommendations to spur the industry and increase the attractiveness of this promising technology for consumers. Through consideration of consumer behaviors, tax incentives, business models, incentive programs, and infrastructure needs, this book studies the state of the industry and makes recommendations to further its development and acceptance.
Author: Zhi-Quan Luo
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521572903
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 432
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Book Description
An extensive study for an important class of constrained optimisation problems known as Mathematical Programs with Equilibrium Constraints.
