On-farm Co-digestion of Dairy Manure with High Energy Organics PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download On-farm Co-digestion of Dairy Manure with High Energy Organics PDF full book. Access full book title On-farm Co-digestion of Dairy Manure with High Energy Organics by Nicholas Kennedy. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Nicholas Kennedy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural wastes as fuel
Languages : en
Pages : 15
Get Book Here
Book Description
"The Anaerobic Digestion Systems Series provides research-based information to improve decision-making for incorporating, augmenting, and maintaining anaerobic digestion systems for manures and food by-products. This publication focuses on pre-consumer food wastes that can sustainably be used as substrates for co-digestion with dairy manure and increase the value of co-products. Topics covered include complementary and problematic substrates, the substrate procurement process, regulations, and solutions for co-digestion processing issues."--Abstract.
Author: Nicholas Kennedy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural wastes as fuel
Languages : en
Pages : 15
Get Book Here
Book Description
"The Anaerobic Digestion Systems Series provides research-based information to improve decision-making for incorporating, augmenting, and maintaining anaerobic digestion systems for manures and food by-products. This publication focuses on pre-consumer food wastes that can sustainably be used as substrates for co-digestion with dairy manure and increase the value of co-products. Topics covered include complementary and problematic substrates, the substrate procurement process, regulations, and solutions for co-digestion processing issues."--Abstract.
Author: Matthew J. Rankin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Animal waste
Languages : en
Pages : 274
Get Book Here
Book Description
"Anaerobic digestion is a microbiological process that converts biodegradable organic material into biogas, consisting primarily of methane and carbon dioxide. Anaerobic digestion technologies have been integrated into wastewater treatment facilities nationwide for many decades to increase the economic viability of the treatment process by converting a waste stream into two valuable products: biogas and fertilizer. Thus, anaerobic digestion offers potential economic and environmental benefits of organic waste diversion and renewable energy generation. The use of biogas has many applications, including cogeneration, direct combustion, upgrading for conversion to feed a fuel cell, and compression for injection into the natural gas grid or for vehicular use. The potential benefits of waste diversion and renewable energy generation are now being realized by major organic waste generators in New York State, in particular the food manufacturing and dairy industries, thus warranting an analysis of the energy generation potential for these waste products. Anaerobic codigestion of dairy manure and food-based feedstocks reflects a cradle-to-cradle approach to organic waste management. Given both of their abundance throughout New York State, waste-to-energy processes represent promising waste management strategies. The objective of this thesis was to evaluate the current technical and economic feasibility of anaerobically codigesting existing dairy manure and food manufacturing waste feedstocks in New York State to produce high quality biogas for renewable energy generation. The first element to determining the technical feasibility of anaerobic codigestion potential in New York State was to first understand the feedstock availability. A comprehensive survey of existing organic waste streams was conducted. The key objective was to identify the volume and composition of dairy manure and liquid-phase food manufacturing waste streams available in New York State to make codigestion of multiple feedstocks in centralized anaerobic codigestion facilities an economically attractive alternative to traditional waste disposal pathways (e.g. landfill and wastewater treatment facilities). A technical and environmental assessment of processing food manufacturing wastes and dairy manure for production of electricity via cogeneration, while dependent on biogas quantity and quality as well as the proximity of the waste generators to the centralized codigestion facility, suggests that a real possibility exists for integrating dairy operations with food manufacturing facilities, dependent on the values of the parameters indicated in this thesis. The results of the environmental analysis show that considerable electricity generation and greenhouse gas emissions reductions are possible, depending primarily on feedstock availability and proximity to the centralized anaerobic digester. The initial results are encouraging and future work is warranted for analyzing the site-specific technical and economic viability of codigesting dairy manure and food manufacturing wastes to produce high quality biogas for renewable energy generation in New York State."--Abstract.
Author: Samir Kumar Khanal
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119949424
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 322
Get Book Here
Book Description
Anaerobic biotechnology is a cost-effective and sustainable means of treating waste and wastewaters that couples treatment processes with the reclamation of useful by-products and renewable biofuels. This means of treating municipal, agricultural, and industrial wastes allows waste products to be converted to value-added products such as biofuels, biofertilizers, and other chemicals. Anaerobic Biotechnology for Bioenergy Production: Principles and Applications provides the reader with basic principles of anaerobic processes alongside practical uses of anaerobic biotechnology options. This book will be a valuable reference to any professional currently considering or working with anaerobic biotechnology options.
Author: Esteban Manuel Zamudio Cañas
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 104
Get Book Here
Book Description
The largest waste stream from agricultural livestock activity is manure. Efforts herein focus on the improvement of anaerobic digestion of animal wastes which creates a stable solid residue and recovers energy in the form of methane. Co-digestion of chicken litter (CL) and dairy manure (DM) was studied using stirred reactors at mesophilic temperature (35 °C) to evaluate the feasibility of co-digesting these two substrates by varying the organic loading rate (OLR) using increasing amounts of chicken litter. The results indicate that chicken litter and dairy manure can be successfully co-digested with chicken litter present at up to 33% of Volatile Solids (VS) in the feedstock (OLR 1.5("0.03) gVS L[subscript reactor] −1 day−1). Synergistic and/or antagonistic effects were not observed in terms of methane production. It was also found that reactors reach a dynamic stability 7 days after increasing the organic loading rate. While both total and free ammonia tolerance of the bioreactors solids improved by combining these two substrates, true adaptation was only observed for free ammonia which increased as the proportion of CL was increased. No improvement in pathogen indicator removal was detected. Other co-digestion experiments were performed in batch reactors using filtered dairy manure solids (FDMS), grease trap waste (GTW), and sawdust (S). Manure solids (0.417 and 0.842 mm) was present at up to 70% as VS in feedstock and increased total methane production by 114"2 %, but decreased efficiency (methane yield) by 59"14 %. Grease trap waste alone was difficult to degrade, but co-digestion improved efficiency and VS removal of dairy manure alone by 111"9 % and 76"4%, respectively, for all additions tested. In contrast, sawdust could not be degraded reducing efficiency in all additions tested. Finally, adaptation to different temperatures was evaluated in batch reactors. Microbial population could adapt to lower temperatures down to 19 °C with an acceptable decrease in methane production, but longer retention times were needed. At a 20 days retention time, methane production decreased by only 10% when the temperature decreased from 35 to 25 °C.
Author: IWA Task Group for Mathematical Modelling of Anaerobic Digestion Processes
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1900222787
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 61
Get Book Here
Book Description
The IWA Task Group for Mathematical Modelling of Anaerobic Digestion Processes was created with the aim to produce a generic model and common platform for dynamic simulations of a variety of anaerobic processes. This book presents the outcome of this undertaking and is the result of four years collaborative work by a number of international experts from various fields of anaerobic process technology. The purpose of this approach is to provide a unified basis for anaerobic digestion modelling. It is hoped this will promote increased application of modelling and simulation as a tool for research, design, operation and optimisation of anaerobic processes worldwide. This model was developed on the basis of the extensive but often disparate work in modelling and simulation of anaerobic digestion systems over the last twenty years. In developing ADM1, the Task Group have tried to establish common nomenclature, units and model structure, consistent with existing anaerobic modelling literature and the popular activated sludge models (See Activated Sludge Models ASM1, ASM2, ASM2d and ASM3, IWA Publishing, 2000, ISBN: 1900222248). As such, it is intended to promote widespread application of simulation from domestic (wastewater and sludge) treatment systems to specialised industrial applications. Outputs from the model include common process variables such gas flow and composition, pH, separate organic acids, and ammonium. The structure has been devised to encourage specific extensions or modifications where required, but still maintain a common platform. During development the model has been successfully tested on a range of systems from full-scale waste sludge digestion to laboratory-scale thermophilic high-rate UASB reactors. The model structure is presented in a readily applicable matrix format for implementation in many available differential equation solvers. It is expected that the model will be available as part of commercial wastewater simulation packages. ADM1 will be a valuable information source for practising engineers working in water treatment (both domestic and industrial) as well as academic researchers and students in Environmental Engineering and Science, Civil and Sanitary Engineering, Biotechnology, and Chemical and Process Engineering departments. Contents Introduction Nomenclature, State Variables and Expressions Biochemical Processes Physicochemical Processes Model Implementation in a Single Stage CSTR Suggested Biochemical Parameter Values, Sensitivity and Estimation Conclusions References Appendix A: Review of Parameters Appendix B: Supplementary Matrix Information Appendix C: Integration with the ASM Appendix D: Estimating Stoichiometric Coefficients for Fermentation Scientific & Technical Report No.13
Author: Hans P. Blaschek
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470961686
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 276
Get Book Here
Book Description
Traditional agriculture and emerging biofuels technology produce a number of wastes and by-products, ranging from corn fiber and glycerin to animal manure, that have the potential to serve as the basis for additional sources of bioenergy that includes both liquid biofuels and biogas. Biofuels from Agricultural Wastes and Byproducts is the first book to focus solely on the production of biofuels primarily from agricultural waste and by-products. The book is divided roughly into two sections. The first section looks at liquid biofuel production from agricultural byproducts, densification of agricultural residues, and the delivery from farm to processing plant of waste and byproducts for use in biofuel production. The second section focuses on anaerobic digestion of food and animal wastes, microbial diversity, molecular and biochemical aspects of methanogensis. Together these sections solidify Biofuels from Agricultural Wastes and Byproducts as a definitive source of information on the use of agricultural waste and by-products in biofuel production.
Author: Sai Krishna Reddy Yadanaparthi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural wastes as fuel
Languages : en
Pages : 292
Get Book Here
Book Description
Dairy and potato are two important agricultural commodities in Idaho. Both the dairy and potato processing industries produce a huge amount of waste which could cause environmental pollution. To minimize the impact of potential pollution associated with dairy manure (DM) and potato waste (PW), anaerobic co-digestion has been considered as one of the best treatment process. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the anaerobic co-digestion of dairy manure and potato waste in terms of process stability, biogas generation, construction and operating costs, and potential revenue. For this purpose, I conducted 1) a literature review, 2) a lab study on anaerobic co-digestion of dairy manure and potato waste at three different temperature ranges (ambient (20-25°C), mesophilic (35-37°C) and thermophilic (55-57°C) with five mixing ratios (DM:PW-100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60), and 3) a financial analysis for anaerobic digesters based on assumed different capital costs and the results from the lab co-digestion study. The literature review indicates that several types of organic waste were co-digested with DM. Dairy manure is a suitable base matter for the co-digestion process in terms of digestion process stability and methane (CH4) production (Chapter 2). The lab tests showed that co-digestion of DM with PW was better than digestion of DM alone in terms of biogas and CH4 productions (Chapter 3). The financial analysis reveals DM and PW can be used as substrate for full size anaerobic digesters to generate positive cash flow within a ten year time period. Based on this research, the following conclusions and recommendations were made: The ratio of DM:PW-80:20 is recommended at thermophilic temperatures and the ratio of DM:PW-90:10 was recommended at mesophilic temperatures for optimum biogas and CH4 productions. In cases of anaerobic digesters operated with electricity generation equipment (generators), low cost plug flow digesters (capital cost of $600/cow) operating at thermophilic temperatures are recommended. The ratio of DM:PW-90:10 or 80:20 is recommended while operating low cost plug flow digesters at thermophilic temperatures. In cases of anaerobic digesters operated without electricity generation equipment (generators), completely mixed or high or low cost plug flow digesters can be used. The ratio of DM:PW-80:20 is recommended for completely mixed digesters operated at thermophilic temperatures. The ratio of DM:PW-90:10 or 80:20 is recommended for high cost plug flow digesters (capital cost of $1,000/cow) operated at thermophilic temperatures. All of the four co-digested mixing ratios (i.e. DM:PW-90:10 or 80:20 or 60:40 or 40:60) are good for low cost plug flow digesters (capital cost of $600/cow) operated at thermophilic temperatures. The ratio of DM:PW-90:10 is recommended for positive cash flow within the ten year period if the low cost plug flow digesters are operated at mesophilic temperatures.
Author: Michael H. Gerardi
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471468959
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 189
Get Book Here
Book Description
Anaerobic digestion is a biochemical degradation process that converts complex organic material, such as animal manure, into methane and other byproducts. Part of the author's Wastewater Microbiology series, Microbiology of Anareboic Digesters eschews technical jargon to deliver a practical, how-to guide for wastewater plant operators.
Author: Daniel Ciolkosz
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030908313
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 157
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book examines the characteristics and opportunities for farm energy in the northeast quadrant of the United States, with attention to energy use, strategic energy management, and energy production by solar, wind, biomass, and other means. Throughout, the distinct characteristics of the region and their impact on energy solutions are discussed, and the outlook for future energy strategies is considered. Farm energy production and use are topics of increasing interest, as the need for improved efficiency and the opportunity for sustainable energy production both drive agricultural enterprises to reduce energy use and pursue opportunities for renewable energy production and use on the farm. However, the unique regional characteristics of agriculture make it challenging to apply a single approach to all situations.
Author: Sven G. Sommer
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118676726
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 382
Get Book Here
Book Description
A rapidly changing and expanding livestock and poultry production sector is causing a range of environmental problems on local, regional and global scales. Animal Manure Recycling: Treatment and Management presents an accessible overview of environmentally friendly technologies for managing animal manure more efficiently and in a sustainable manner. The book describes the physical and chemical characteristics of animal manure and microbial processes, featuring detailed examples and case studies showing how this knowledge can be used in practice. Readers are introduced to the sustainable use of animal manure for crop fertilisation and soil amelioration. Environmentally friendly technologies for reducing emissions of ammonia, odour and the greenhouse gases nitrous oxide and methane are presented, and reduction of plant nutrient losses using separation technologies is introduced. Finally and most importantly, the book describes methods to commercialise and transfer knowledge about innovations to end-users. Topics covered include: Regulation of animal manure management Manure organic matter: characteristics and microbial transformations Greenhouse gas emissions from animal manures and technologies for their reduction Technologies and logistics for handling, transport and distribution of animal manures Bioenergy production Animal manure residue upgrading and nutrient recovery in bio-fertilisers Life cycle assessment of manure management systems Innovation in animal manure management and recycling Animal Manure Recycling: Treatment and Management presents state-of-the-art coverage of the entire animal manure chain, providing practical information for engineers, environmental consultants, academics and advanced students involved in scientific, technical and regulatory issues related to animal manure management.
