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Author: Dorte Verner
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
In a recent paper, Fiess and Verner (2000) analyze sectoral growth in Ecuador and find significant long-run and short-run relationships between the agricultural, industrial, and service sectors. They take this as evidence against the dual economy model which rules out a long-run relationship between agricultural and industrial output and show further that a more detailed picture of the growth process can be discovered, once the agricultural, industrial, and service sectors are disaggregated further into intrasector components. Fiess and Verner extend their initial results and provide insight from a multivariate cointegration analysis of intrasector components. They are able to identify three cointegrating relationships, each of which has its own meaningful economic interpretation--two cointegration relationships capture the direct and indirect effects of the "petrolization" of the Ecuadorian economy. A third relationship clearly indicates a link between agriculture and industrial activity. Since this third cointegrating relationship seems to coincide in time with the trade liberalization at the end of the 1980s, promoting agriculture appears to be an important way to promote sustainable economic growth in Ecuador. This paper--a product of the Office of the Chief Economist and the Economic Policy Sector Unit, Latin America and the Caribbean Region--is part of a larger effort in the region to better understand intersectoral growth dynamics.
Author: Dorte Verner
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
In a recent paper, Fiess and Verner (2000) analyze sectoral growth in Ecuador and find significant long-run and short-run relationships between the agricultural, industrial, and service sectors. They take this as evidence against the dual economy model which rules out a long-run relationship between agricultural and industrial output and show further that a more detailed picture of the growth process can be discovered, once the agricultural, industrial, and service sectors are disaggregated further into intrasector components. Fiess and Verner extend their initial results and provide insight from a multivariate cointegration analysis of intrasector components. They are able to identify three cointegrating relationships, each of which has its own meaningful economic interpretation--two cointegration relationships capture the direct and indirect effects of the "petrolization" of the Ecuadorian economy. A third relationship clearly indicates a link between agriculture and industrial activity. Since this third cointegrating relationship seems to coincide in time with the trade liberalization at the end of the 1980s, promoting agriculture appears to be an important way to promote sustainable economic growth in Ecuador. This paper--a product of the Office of the Chief Economist and the Economic Policy Sector Unit, Latin America and the Caribbean Region--is part of a larger effort in the region to better understand intersectoral growth dynamics.
Author: Norbert M. Fiess
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
In a recent paper, Fiess and Verner (2000) analyze sectoral growth in Ecuador and find significant long-run and short-run relationships between the agricultural, industrial, and service sectors. They take this as evidence against the dual economy model which rules out a long-run relationship between agricultural and industrial output and show further that a more detailed picture of the growth process can be discovered, once the agricultural, industrial, and service sectors are disaggregated further into intrasector components. Fiess and Verner extend their initial results and provide insight from a multivariate cointegration analysis of intrasector components. They are able to identify three cointegrating relationships, each of which has its own meaningful economic interpretation - two cointegration relationships capture the direct and indirect effects of the quot;petrolizationquot; of the Ecuadorian economy. A third relationship clearly indicates a link between agriculture and industrial activity. Since this third cointegrating relationship seems to coincide in time with the trade liberalization at the end of the 1980s, promoting agriculture appears to be an important way to promote sustainable economic growth in Ecuador.This paper - a product of the Office of the Chief Economist and the Economic Policy Sector Unit, Latin America and the Caribbean Region - is part of a larger effort in the region to better understand intersectoral growth dynamics.
Author: Pacheco, P.
Publisher: CIFOR
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 55
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Book Description
There is abundant literature focusing on the palm oil sector, which has grown into a vigorous sector with production originating mainly from Malaysia and Indonesia, and on increased palm oil consumption in many countries around the globe, particularly European Union states, China and India. This sector expansion has become quite controversial, because while it has negative social and environmental impacts, it also leads to positive benefits in generating fiscal earnings for producing countries and regular income streams for a large number of large- and small-scale growers involved in palm oil production. This document reviews how the social, ecological, and environmental dynamics and associated implications of the global palm oil sector have grown in complexity over time, and examines the policy and institutional factors affecting the sector's development at the global and national levels. This work examines the geographies of production, consumption and trade of palm oil and its derivatives, and describes the structure of the global palm oil value chain, with special emphasis on Malaysia and Indonesia. In addition, this work reviews the main socioenvironmental impacts and trade-offs associated with the palm oil sector's expansion, with a primary focus on Indonesia. The main interest is on the social impacts this has on local populations, smallholders and workers, as well as the environmental impacts on deforestation and their associated effects on carbon emissions and biodiversity loss. Finally, the growing complexity of the global oil palm value chain has also driven diverse types of developments in the complex oil palm policy regime governing the sector's expansion. This work assesses the main features of this emerging policy regime involving public and private actors, with emphasis on Indonesia. There are multiple efforts supporting the transition to a more sustainable palm oil production; yet the lack of a coordinated public policy, effective incentives and consistent enforcement is clear and obvious. The emergence of numerous privately driven initiatives with greater involvement of civil society organizations brings new opportunities for enhancing the sector's governance; yet the uptake of voluntary standards remains slow, and any push for the adoption of more stringent standards may only widen the gap between large corporations and medium- and smallscale growers. Greater harmonization between voluntary and mandatory standards, as well as among private initiatives is required. Commitments to deforestation-free supply chains have the potential to reduce undesired environmental impacts from oil palm expansion, and while this risks excluding smallholders from the supply chains, such commitments may function to leverage the upgrading of smallholder production systems. Their success, however, will require greater public and private sector collaboration.
Author: Kusumaningtyas, R.
Publisher: CIFOR
ISBN: 6023870589
Category : Palm oil industry
Languages : en
Pages : 54
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Book Description
The global palm oil sector faces ongoing threats to sustainability caused by deforestation, peatland development, labor rights violations and land right conflicts. Additionally, integrating smallholders into sustainable palm oil supply chains continues to be a challenge for the industry. Financial service providers (FSPs) could play a role in stimulating sustainability commitments from the palm oil companies they finance. Their potential influence stems from their capacity to set environmental, social and governance (ESG) conditions for financial services. This research shows that European and US FSPs are further along than their counterparts in Asia in adopting policies that include ESG risk assessments as part of the process for providing financial services. However, attention to smallholder inclusion is insufficient in the policies of all FSPs included in this report. Differences between European and US versus Asian FSPs in adopting ESG standards, as well as the unique markets they finance, present a risk that two parallel but separate financial systems could emerge. Efforts by both government and nongovernmental organizations should emphasize the prevention of a two-tiered marketplace with different quality requirements for palm oil. All actors in this sector still require a significant shift in thinking on the benefits of including ESG standards in cultivation and production processes. In palm oil producing countries, the lack of specific banking regulations emphasizing sustainability concerns regarding the sector forms a further hindrance to positive developments.
Author: Massoud Karshenas
Publisher: CUP Archive
ISBN: 9780521383516
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 336
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Book Description
An examination of the problems of economic growth and structural change in oil-exploring economies which focuses on the experience of Iran. The author argues that oil income can make a substantial contribution to industrial growth, subject to the adoption of appropriate policy measures.
Author: Asian Development Bank
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
ISBN: 9292570072
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 198
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Book Description
This report investigates Timor-Leste's potential to develop a vibrant, stable, and diversified economy that is not dependent on oil revenues. Implementing challenging reforms across the private sector, banking and finance, agriculture, infrastructure, and judiciary requires sound policies and effective legislation. The Government of Timor-Leste shows promising reform appetite and willingness to engage the private sector in developing alternate investment options to attract business to the country. Yet, significant challenges remain to ensure that rebuilding efforts and institutions are managed effectively to benefit all Timor-Leste's citizens. This report was produced by the Pacific Private Sector Development Initiative, a regional technical assistance facility cofinanced by the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the Government of Australia, and the New Zealand Government.
Author: Morris D Whitaker
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 0429694741
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 390
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Book Description
Originally published in 1990, in this study the authors have surveyed and anaylsed a large volume of difficult to access or unpublished papers and literature and it organised it into thirteen chapters. Subjects covered include introductory and concluding essays, development policy, agricultural performance, natural resources, the labor market, production, irrigation, marketing and credit of Ecuador's agricultural sector.
Author: Derek Byerlee
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190222980
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 305
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Book Description
The book provides a broad synthesis of the major supply and demand drivers of the dramatic expansion of oil crops in the tropics; its economic, social, and environmental impacts; and the future outlook to 2050. It is a comprehensive review of the oil crop sector with a major focus on oil palm and soybeans, the two most dynamic crops in world agriculture in recent decades.
Author: International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513521926
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 31
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Book Description
This Selected Issues paper focuses on the Iraqi oil sector and analyzes the developments and prospects after the twin shock. The Iraqi economy was affected by the two major challenges during 2014—ISIS insurgency and the fall in global oil prices. Iraq’s oil sector has performed well despite the security challenges that emerged after the onset of the ISIS insurgency in June 2014. On average, Iraq earned $97 per barrel on oil exported in 2014. Asia remained the leading destination of the Iraqi oil exports during 2013–14, and its share increased from 50 percent in 2012 to 65 percent in 2014.
Author: J A Allan
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000647323
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 232
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Book Description
First published in 1981, Libya: The Experience of Oil provides a comprehensive overview of Libya’ s socio-economic development since the reform of 1961. It reviews Libya’s oil endowment and draws attention to the deficiencies in the country’s renewable natural resources and in the availability of unskilled labour and trained professional staff. The absorption of oil wealth after 1961 is shown to have been severely constrained by poor factor endowment in land and labour resources. The book shows that by end of the 1970s there had been a significant redistribution of wealth along with a reorganization of the economy, such that almost all production, distribution and resources were under public control. A recurring feature observed in this pattern of change is that rates of investment, sectoral allocations to the development spending, improvement in the standard of living and the level of social service provision advanced at a constant rate after oil and that the revolution had little impact on the rate of improvement in the development indicators. This is book is an essential read for scholars and researchers of African studies, African politics, geopolitics and international relations.
