Offshore Electricity Transmission PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Offshore Electricity Transmission PDF full book. Access full book title Offshore Electricity Transmission by Great Britain. National Audit Office. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Great Britain. National Audit Office
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780102977158
Category : Electric power transmission
Languages : en
Pages : 40
Get Book
Book Description
The Government has a target that, by 2020, 15 per cent of the UK's energy will come from renewable sources and forecasts, to 2020, that investment of around GBP8 billion will be needed to connect the offshore sites to the onshore grid. This report examines the new model for using competition to license the transmission of electricity from offshore wind farms to the onshore network. The licensing model has already delivered benefits and has the potential to deliver more. There were good levels of interest in the first four licences, with competition holding down prices in these deals which were for assets worth a total of GBP254 million. In establishing this new market, however, the Authority guaranteed the licensees a 20-year inflation-proof income. This may help to attract interest from long-term investors but it also protects licensees and generators of offshore electricity from reductions in usage of the transmission assets and leaves consumers with long-term inflation risk. In addition, transaction costs have been high and the extent of savings from the new arrangements is not clear cut.Further work is also needed to establish robust benchmarks to ensure the amounts paid for transmission construction costs are not excessive. For the initial four competitions, costs of debt were 2.1 per cent to 2.2 per cent above the relevant rates offered by 15-year UK gilt yields which represents a competitive deal. But the NAO highlights the scope for improving financing costs and notes that there is no provision for claw-back in the event of refinancing gains.
Author: Great Britain. National Audit Office
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780102977158
Category : Electric power transmission
Languages : en
Pages : 40
Get Book
Book Description
The Government has a target that, by 2020, 15 per cent of the UK's energy will come from renewable sources and forecasts, to 2020, that investment of around GBP8 billion will be needed to connect the offshore sites to the onshore grid. This report examines the new model for using competition to license the transmission of electricity from offshore wind farms to the onshore network. The licensing model has already delivered benefits and has the potential to deliver more. There were good levels of interest in the first four licences, with competition holding down prices in these deals which were for assets worth a total of GBP254 million. In establishing this new market, however, the Authority guaranteed the licensees a 20-year inflation-proof income. This may help to attract interest from long-term investors but it also protects licensees and generators of offshore electricity from reductions in usage of the transmission assets and leaves consumers with long-term inflation risk. In addition, transaction costs have been high and the extent of savings from the new arrangements is not clear cut.Further work is also needed to establish robust benchmarks to ensure the amounts paid for transmission construction costs are not excessive. For the initial four competitions, costs of debt were 2.1 per cent to 2.2 per cent above the relevant rates offered by 15-year UK gilt yields which represents a competitive deal. But the NAO highlights the scope for improving financing costs and notes that there is no provision for claw-back in the event of refinancing gains.
Author: Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Committee of Public Accounts
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780215052285
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 44
Get Book
Book Description
It is estimated that offshore wind farms have the potential to contribute 8-15% of electricity by 2020. This will require a large investment in offshore infrastructure, including around £8 billion of investment in transmission assets (offshore platforms, cables and onshore substations). An elaborate regime that licences operators of offshore electricity transmission assets following competitions has been introduced. The aim was to develop a competitive market for offshore electricity transmission but the reality is that the first six licences were won by just two companies. Furthermore, the terms of the transmission licences awarded so far appear heavily skewed towards attracting investors rather than securing a good deal for consumers. The transmission operators receive their income from the National Grid which recovers its costs from electricity suppliers and generators. Future payments to licensees are estimated at around £17 billion, and this will ultimately be funded by customers who could well end up paying higher electricity prices. The investors' estimated returns of 10-11% on the initial licences look extremely generous given the limited risks the investors bear. Licensees are guaranteed a fully retail price index-linked income for 20 years regardless of the extent to which assets are used. Yet penalties are limited to 10% of expected income in any one year if the operators fail to provide the transmission facilities when required. Despite the lessons from the PFI market the Government has failed to ensure that gains secured, for example, from debt refinancing are shared
Author: IEEE Staff
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781538674352
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book
Book Description
This proposed conference and exposition combines three concurrent events together into one large conference and exposition scheme They are IEEE PES Power Generation Conference and Exposition Asia 2019 IEEE PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition Asia 2019 IEEE PES Renewable Energy Conference and Exposition Asia 2019 The proposed conference and exposition covers 3 showcases power generation, transmission & distribution and renewable energy This large event will present and exhibit the latest technologies, innovative products and up to date solutions from exhibitors, researchers and practitioners which will drive the industry to build the next generation of electricity supply industry The events will also include super session, panel session, forum session and poster session, combining research and industry experiences into one outstanding event
Author: Olimpo Anaya-Lara
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118539621
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 306
Get Book
Book Description
The offshore wind sector’s trend towards larger turbines, bigger wind farm projects and greater distance to shore has a critical impact on grid connection requirements for offshore wind power plants. This important reference sets out the fundamentals and latest innovations in electrical systems and control strategies deployed in offshore electricity grids for wind power integration. Includes: All current and emerging technologies for offshore wind integration and trends in energy storage systems, fault limiters, superconducting cables and gas-insulated transformers Protection of offshore wind farms illustrating numerous system integration and protection challenges through case studies Modelling of doubly-fed induction generators (DFIG) and full-converter wind turbines structures together with an explanation of the smart grid concept in the context of wind farms Comprehensive material on power electronic equipment employed in wind turbines with emphasis on enabling technologies (HVDC, STATCOM) to facilitate the connection and compensation of large-scale onshore and offshore wind farms Worked examples and case studies to help understand the dynamic interaction between HVDC links and offshore wind generation Concise description of the voltage source converter topologies, control and operation for offshore wind farm applications Companion website containing simulation models of the cases discussed throughout Equipping electrical engineers for the engineering challenges in utility-scale offshore wind farms, this is an essential resource for power system and connection code designers and pratitioners dealing with integation of wind generation and the modelling and control of wind turbines. It will also provide high-level support to academic researchers and advanced students in power and renewable energy as well as technical and research staff in transmission and distribution system operators and in wind turbine and electrical equipment manufacturers.
Author: Jean-Luc Bessede
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1782420193
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 442
Get Book
Book Description
Electricity transmission and distribution (T&D) networks carry electricity from generation sites to demand sites. With the increasing penetration of decentralised and renewable energy systems, in particular variable power sources such as wind turbines, and the rise in demand-side technologies, the importance of innovative products has never been greater. Eco-design approaches and standards in this field are aimed at improving the performance as well as the overall sustainability of T&D network equipment. This multidisciplinary reference provides coverage of developments and lessons-learned in the fields of eco-design of innovation from product-specific issues to system approaches, including case studies featuring problem-solving methodologies applicable to electricity transmission and distribution networks. Discusses key environmental issues and methodologies for eco-design, and applies this to development of equipment for electricity transmission and distribution. Provides analysis of using and assessing advanced equipment for wind energy systems. Includes reviews of the energy infrastructure for demand-side management in the US and Scandinavia.
Author: Russell Gold
Publisher: Simon & Schuster
ISBN: 1501163590
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 336
Get Book
Book Description
Meet Michael Skelly, the man boldly harnessing wind energy that could power America’s future and break its fossil fuel dependence in this “essential, compelling look into the future of the nation’s power grid” (Bryan Burrough, author of The Big Rich). The United States is in the midst of an energy transition. We have fallen out of love with dirty fossil fuels and want to embrace renewable energy sources like wind and solar. A transition from a North American power grid that is powered mostly by fossil fuels to one that is predominantly clean is feasible, but it would require a massive building spree—wind turbines, solar panels, wires, and billions of dollars would be needed. Enter Michael Skelly, an infrastructure builder who began working on wind energy in 2000 when many considered the industry a joke. Eight years later, Skelly helped build the second largest wind power company in the United States—and sold it for $2 billion. Wind energy was no longer funny—it was well on its way to powering more than 6% of electricity in the United States. Award-winning journalist, Russel Gold tells Skelly’s story, which in many ways is the story of our nation’s evolving relationship with renewable energy. Gold illustrates how Skelly’s company, Clean Line Energy, conceived the idea for a new power grid that would allow sunlight where abundant to light up homes in the cloudy states thousands of miles away, and take wind from the Great Plains to keep air conditioners running in Atlanta. Thrilling, provocative, and important, Superpower is a fascinating look at America’s future.
Author: dena
Publisher: EWEA
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 154
Get Book
Book Description
Summary: The OffshoreGrid project proves the financial benefits of building a meshed European grid offshore and outlines two cost efficient designs. Contents: Offshore grids, connecting North and Baltic Sea wind farms and electricity consumers, can be built substantially cheaper than expected. Building “hub connections” at sea instead of using cables to connect single wind farms individually to the shore will result in lower investment costs of 14 billion Euros. Additionally if these hub connections would be combined with an even more interconnected “meshed grid”, the necessary additional costs of 7 billion Euros would be compensated by 16 to 21 billion Euros of additional benefits over 25 years of grid operation.
Author: Paul A. Lynn
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 047097608X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 237
Get Book
Book Description
A highly accessible and authoritative account of wind energy’s scientific background, current technology, and international status, with an emphasis on large turbines and wind farms, both onshore and offshore Topics covered include: a brief history of wind energy the nature of the wind turbine aerodynamics, mechanics, and electrics wind farms offshore opportunities and challenges grid integration of wind energy economic and environmental aspects Whilst intellectually rigorous, this is not an academic treatise. Key equations are fully discussed, providing essential theoretical background. The text is supported by copious illustrations and about 50 inspiring full-colour photographs from around the world. This book is aimed at a wide readership including professionals, policy makers and employees in the energy sector in need of a basic appreciation of the underlying principles of wind energy or a quick update. Its style and level will also appeal to second and third year undergraduate and postgraduate students of renewable and wind energy, energy systems and electrical/electronic engineering. It also gives a concise account of the technology for the large and growing number of people who are interested in onshore and offshore wind farms and the contribution they are making to carbon-free electricity generation in the 21st century.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book
Book Description
Author: Sara Lumbreras
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030494284
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 311
Get Book
Book Description
This book presents a panoramic look at the transformation of the transmission network in the context of the energy transition. It provides readers with basic definitions as well as details on current challenges and emerging technologies. In-depth chapters cover the integration of renewables, the particularities of planning large-scale systems, efficient reduction and solution methods, the possibilities of HVDC and super grids, distributed generation, smart grids, demand response, and new regulatory schemes. The content is complemented with case studies that highlight the importance of the power transmission network as the backbone of modern energy systems. This book will be a comprehensive reference that will be useful to both academics and practitioners.
