Observations of Steam Chemical-looping Gasification Using Hematite (iron Oxide, Fe 2 O 3) and Illinois Basin Coals PDF Download
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Author: James C. May
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
Previous research in the field of chemical-looping combustion has laid a solid foundation for studying metal oxide interaction with coal. This study was conducted to observe the potential of hematite (Iron oxide, Fe 2 O 3 ) to regulate the formation of gaseous hydrogen (H 2 ) and carbon species including methane (CH 4 ), carbon monoxide (CO), and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to improve chemical-looping steam gasification for two Illinois Basin coals. The batch reaction method selected for experimentation models the metal oxidation and coal steam gasification phase of the chemical-looping gasification process. After a review of the pertinent literature and thermodynamic chemical modeling software, a weight ratio of hematite to coal of 30:1 was physically mixed with coal and gasified in the presence of steam at 800, 850, and 900°C. The ratio of water to coal was 2:1 by weight. The greatest carbon conversion (above 95%) to gaseous carbon species was observed at 900°C for both Illinois Basin coals during a 16 minute residence time. Surplus water formation was also observed in all phases of the study. Total conversion of CO and CH 4 to CO 2 was not achieved, and the presence of H 2 in the product gas yield indicates a depletion of usable iron-based oxygen during reaction. It is recommended the study be continued under a fluidized bed to improve the efficiency of chemical contact reactions between solids and gases. Thermo-Gravinimetric Analysis of residues should be included with future studies to quantify the presence of iron oxide species. Also, the formation of steam should be quantified.
Author: James C. May
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
Previous research in the field of chemical-looping combustion has laid a solid foundation for studying metal oxide interaction with coal. This study was conducted to observe the potential of hematite (Iron oxide, Fe 2 O 3 ) to regulate the formation of gaseous hydrogen (H 2 ) and carbon species including methane (CH 4 ), carbon monoxide (CO), and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to improve chemical-looping steam gasification for two Illinois Basin coals. The batch reaction method selected for experimentation models the metal oxidation and coal steam gasification phase of the chemical-looping gasification process. After a review of the pertinent literature and thermodynamic chemical modeling software, a weight ratio of hematite to coal of 30:1 was physically mixed with coal and gasified in the presence of steam at 800, 850, and 900°C. The ratio of water to coal was 2:1 by weight. The greatest carbon conversion (above 95%) to gaseous carbon species was observed at 900°C for both Illinois Basin coals during a 16 minute residence time. Surplus water formation was also observed in all phases of the study. Total conversion of CO and CH 4 to CO 2 was not achieved, and the presence of H 2 in the product gas yield indicates a depletion of usable iron-based oxygen during reaction. It is recommended the study be continued under a fluidized bed to improve the efficiency of chemical contact reactions between solids and gases. Thermo-Gravinimetric Analysis of residues should be included with future studies to quantify the presence of iron oxide species. Also, the formation of steam should be quantified.
Author: David A. Bell
Publisher: William Andrew
ISBN: 1437778518
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 414
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Book Description
Skyrocketing energy costs have spurred renewed interest in coal gasification. Currently available information on this subject needs to be updated, however, and focused on specific coals and end products. For example, carbon capture and sequestration, previously given little attention, now has a prominent role in coal conversion processes.This book approaches coal gasification and related technologies from a process engineering point of view, with topics chosen to aid the process engineer who is interested in a complete, coal-to-products system. It provides a perspective for engineers and scientists who analyze and improve components of coal conversion processes.The first topic describes the nature and availability of coal. Next, the fundamentals of gasification are described, followed by a description of gasification technologies and gas cleaning processes. The conversion of syngas to electricity, fuels and chemicals is then discussed. Finally, process economics are covered. Emphasis is given to the selection of gasification technology based on the type of coal fed to the gasifier and desired end product: E.g., lower temperature gasifiers produce substantial quantities of methane, which is undesirable in an ammonia synthesis feed. This book also reviews gasification kinetics which is informed by recent papers and process design studies by the US Department of Energy and other groups, and also largely ignored by other gasification books.• Approaches coal gasification and related technologies from a process engineering point of view, providing a perspective for engineers and scientists who analyze and improve components of coal conversion processes • Describes the fundamentals of gasification, gasification technologies, and gas cleaning processes • Emphasizes the importance of the coal types fed to the gasifier and desired end products • Covers gasification kinetics, which was largely ignored by other gasification books - Provides a perspective for engineers and scientists who analyze and improve components of the coal conversion processes - Describes the fundamentals of gasification, gasification technologies, and gas cleaning processes - Covers gasification kinetics, which was largely ignored by other gasification books
Author: Konstantinos Kyprianidis
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535126687
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 432
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Book Description
Over the past few decades, exciting developments have taken place in the field of combustion technology. The present edited volume intends to cover recent developments and provide a broad perspective of the key challenges that characterize the field. The target audience for this book includes engineers involved in combustion system design, operational planning and maintenance. Manufacturers and combustion technology researchers will also benefit from the timely and accurate information provided in this work. The volume is organized into five main sections comprising 15 chapters overall: - Coal and Biofuel Combustion - Waste Combustion - Combustion and Biofuels in Reciprocating Engines - Chemical Looping and Catalysis - Fundamental and Emerging Topics in Combustion Technology
Author: Zhenyu Huang
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1466567678
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 182
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Book Description
Wax Deposition: Experimental Characterizations, Theoretical Modeling, and Field Practices covers the entire spectrum of knowledge on wax deposition. The book delivers a detailed description of the thermodynamic and transport theories for wax deposition modeling as well as a comprehensive review of laboratory testing for the establishment of appropr
Author: Liang-Shih Fan
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118063139
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 353
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Book Description
This book presents the current carbonaceous fuel conversion technologies based on chemical looping concepts in the context of traditional or conventional technologies. The key features of the chemical looping processes, their ability to generate a sequestration-ready CO2 stream, are thoroughly discussed. Chapter 2 is devoted entirely to the performance of particles in chemical looping technology and covers the subjects of solid particle design, synthesis, properties, and reactive characteristics. The looping processes can be applied for combustion and/or gasification of carbon-based material such as coal, natural gas, petroleum coke, and biomass directly or indirectly for steam, syngas, hydrogen, chemicals, electricity, and liquid fuels production. Details of the energy conversion efficiency and the economics of these looping processes for combustion and gasification applications in contrast to those of the conventional processes are given in Chapters 3, 4, and 5.Finally, Chapter 6 presents additional chemical looping applications that are potentially beneficial, including those for H2 storage and onboard H2 production, CO2 capture in combustion flue gas, power generation using fuel cell, steam-methane reforming, tar sand digestion, and chemicals and liquid fuel production. A CD is appended to this book that contains the chemical looping simulation files and the simulation results based on the ASPEN Plus software for such reactors as gasifier, reducer, oxidizer and combustor, and for such processes as conventional gasification processes, Syngas Chemical Looping Process, Calcium Looping Process, and Carbonation-Calcination Reaction (CCR) Process. Note: CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are not included as part of eBook file.
Author: Ting Wang
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 0081001851
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 929
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Book Description
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) Technologies discusses this innovative power generation technology that combines modern coal gasification technology with both gas turbine and steam turbine power generation, an important emerging technology which has the potential to significantly improve the efficiencies and emissions of coal power plants. The advantages of this technology over conventional pulverized coal power plants include fuel flexibility, greater efficiencies, and very low pollutant emissions. The book reviews the current status and future developments of key technologies involved in IGCC plants and how they can be integrated to maximize efficiency and reduce the cost of electricity generation in a carbon-constrained world. The first part of this book introduces the principles of IGCC systems and the fuel types for use in IGCC systems. The second part covers syngas production within IGCC systems. The third part looks at syngas cleaning, the separation of CO2 and hydrogen enrichment, with final sections describing the gas turbine combined cycle and presenting several case studies of existing IGCC plants. - Provides an in-depth, multi-contributor overview of integrated gasification combined cycle technologies - Reviews the current status and future developments of key technologies involved in IGCC plants - Provides several case studies of existing IGCC plants around the world
Author: Jian Li
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030366286
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 723
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Book Description
This collection gives broad and up-to-date results in the research and development of materials characterization and processing. Topics covered include advanced characterization methods, minerals, mechanical properties, coatings, polymers and composites, corrosion, welding, magnetic materials, and electronic materials. The book explores scientific processes to characterize materials using modern technologies, and focuses on the interrelationships and interdependence among processing, structure, properties, and performance of materials.
Author: Ihsan Barin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Thermochemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 894
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Book Description
Author: Ibrahim Dincer
Publisher: Newnes
ISBN: 0080970907
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 571
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Book Description
Exergy, Second Edition deals with exergy and its applications to various energy systems and applications as a potential tool for design, analysis and optimization, and its role in minimizing and/or eliminating environmental impacts and providing sustainable development. In this regard, several key topics ranging from the basics of the thermodynamic concepts to advanced exergy analysis techniques in a wide range of applications are covered as outlined in the contents. - Offers comprehensive coverage of exergy and its applications, along with the most up-to-date information in the area with recent developments - Connects exergy with three essential areas in terms of energy, environment and sustainable development - Provides a number of illustrative examples, practical applications, and case studies - Written in an easy-to-follow style, starting from the basics to advanced systems
Author: Gerald Foley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 64
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Book Description
