Northern Bobwhite Breeding Season Ecology in Southern New Jersey PDF Download
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Author: Bridget M. Collins
Publisher: ProQuest
ISBN: 9780549945598
Category : Northern bobwhite
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) populations have been declining over much of their range, but some of the steepest declines have been documented in New Jersey. Negative population trends in New Jersey and elsewhere have been attributed to a reduction in habitat quality and quantity. Managers in New Jersey are interested in how additional aspects of bobwhite ecology and demography may be mitigating or aggravating bobwhite declines. I conducted a two year (2006-2007) breeding season (1 May-30 September) telemetry study in southern New Jersey to collect baseline data on bobwhite movement, habitat selection, survival, reproductive rates, and nest and brood microhabitat. Pooling data between 2006 and 2007, I recorded 2,513 locations on 80 radiomarked bobwhites. Mean hourly movement rate (HMR) between consecutive day locations was 6.29 += 0.49 m/h (n = 21 bobwhites). I observed 11 extreme movements, the greatest of which was 12,372 m in 169.8 h. Breeding season 95% adaptive kernel home ranges averaged 38.7 += 6.1 ha (range 8.5 - 112.3 ha, n = 27 bobwhites). In order of greatest to least relative selection within the home range, bobwhites used scrub-shrub, followed by mixed grass, forest, agriculture, and other habitats. Breeding season survival was 0.343 += 0.064 (95% CI 0.238 - 0.493, n = 80 bobwhites), and mortality risk did not differ by age, sex, year, or HMR (P> 0.242). I located 23 bobwhite nests and 21 were usable for survival analyses. Incubation period nest survival rate was 0.454 += 0.010 (95% CI 0.280-0.727). Mean clutch size was 14.2 += 0.58 (range 10-19, n = 20) and hatchability in successful nests was 96.1 += 2.0% (range 86-100%, n = 10). The estimated probability an individual that entered the breeding season would initiate incubation on = 1 nest was 0.687 for females and 0.202 for males. Nest microhabitat selection was positively related to visual obstruction and percentage of litter. Brood microhabitat selection was positively related to visual obstruction, vegetation height, and percentage of forb but negatively related to percentage of cool season grass and litter. Ecological and demographic parameters for bobwhites in southern New Jersey appear to be similar to those reported elsewhere in the species' range. Management efforts to improve bobwhite in southern New Jersey should focus on increasing the quantity of available breeding and brood-rearing habitat.
Author: Bridget M. Collins
Publisher: ProQuest
ISBN: 9780549945598
Category : Northern bobwhite
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) populations have been declining over much of their range, but some of the steepest declines have been documented in New Jersey. Negative population trends in New Jersey and elsewhere have been attributed to a reduction in habitat quality and quantity. Managers in New Jersey are interested in how additional aspects of bobwhite ecology and demography may be mitigating or aggravating bobwhite declines. I conducted a two year (2006-2007) breeding season (1 May-30 September) telemetry study in southern New Jersey to collect baseline data on bobwhite movement, habitat selection, survival, reproductive rates, and nest and brood microhabitat. Pooling data between 2006 and 2007, I recorded 2,513 locations on 80 radiomarked bobwhites. Mean hourly movement rate (HMR) between consecutive day locations was 6.29 += 0.49 m/h (n = 21 bobwhites). I observed 11 extreme movements, the greatest of which was 12,372 m in 169.8 h. Breeding season 95% adaptive kernel home ranges averaged 38.7 += 6.1 ha (range 8.5 - 112.3 ha, n = 27 bobwhites). In order of greatest to least relative selection within the home range, bobwhites used scrub-shrub, followed by mixed grass, forest, agriculture, and other habitats. Breeding season survival was 0.343 += 0.064 (95% CI 0.238 - 0.493, n = 80 bobwhites), and mortality risk did not differ by age, sex, year, or HMR (P> 0.242). I located 23 bobwhite nests and 21 were usable for survival analyses. Incubation period nest survival rate was 0.454 += 0.010 (95% CI 0.280-0.727). Mean clutch size was 14.2 += 0.58 (range 10-19, n = 20) and hatchability in successful nests was 96.1 += 2.0% (range 86-100%, n = 10). The estimated probability an individual that entered the breeding season would initiate incubation on = 1 nest was 0.687 for females and 0.202 for males. Nest microhabitat selection was positively related to visual obstruction and percentage of litter. Brood microhabitat selection was positively related to visual obstruction, vegetation height, and percentage of forb but negatively related to percentage of cool season grass and litter. Ecological and demographic parameters for bobwhites in southern New Jersey appear to be similar to those reported elsewhere in the species' range. Management efforts to improve bobwhite in southern New Jersey should focus on increasing the quantity of available breeding and brood-rearing habitat.
Author: Michael T. Lohr
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781109782608
Category : Northern bobwhite
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Book Description
Over the past 40 years, northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) populations have experienced range-wide declines. Population parameters have been gathered throughout most of the range but Mid-Atlantic populations have been largely ignored. In my study, I sought not only to gather data on winter habitat, movement, and selection, but also examine the relationship between these metrics and survival. I captured and radiotracked bobwhites between October and April, 2006-2007 and 2007-2008 non-breeding seasons on a 125km2 area of Cumberland County, New Jersey, USA. Chi-square analysis with Bonferroni confidence intervals revealed third order selection of Grassland and Scrub-Shrub habitat classes more often than expected while Agriculture and Other habitat classes were used less than in proportion to their availability. The relationship between coveys and Forest habitat appears to be more complex. Cox proportional hazard analysis revealed that risk of mortality was increased by use of Grassland habitat, low movement rates, and increased proximity to occupied buildings and barns. These results indicate that bobwhite coveys may be isolated in small fragments of usable habitat without sufficient travel corridors to maintain large enough winter home ranges to meet their biological needs. Additionally, my data suggests that predators may be forming a preferred search image on these fragmented habitats, thereby increasing mortality. It is possible bobwhite suffer from both low quantity and quality of habitat on the landscape. Increased interspersion of Woody cover on Grasslands as well as land management that increases Grassland and Scrub-Shrub habitat on the landscape level could increase bobwhite winter survival and ultimately aid in stabilizing the population in southern New Jersey. House cat predation and window collisions are possible causative factors for the correlation between mortality risk and distance to occupied buildings and barns and their potential impacts on bobwhite populations should be investigated in future studies.
Author: Marjorie R. Liberati
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 200
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Book Description
Continuing support for programs like the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) that establish permanent, managed grasslands remain important for bobwhite conservation in the Midwest. Vegetation succession coupled with anticipated declines in CRP enrollment would likely diminish usable space for bobwhites in the Midwest during the breeding season and negatively impact nest success. Bobwhites in the agricultural Midwest would benefit from having woody cover in proximity to grassland habitats during the breeding season but woody encroachment within grassland habitats where bobwhites nest should be managed.
Author: Christopher Kelley Williams
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 162
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Book Description
Author: Lance B. McNew
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303134037X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1017
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Book Description
This open access book reviews the importance of ecological functioning within rangelands considering the complex inter-relationships of production agriculture, ecosystem services, biodiversity, and wildlife habitat. More than half of all lands worldwide, and up to 70% of the western USA, are classified as rangelands—uncultivated lands that often support grazing by domestic livestock. The rangelands of North America provide a vast array of goods and services, including significant economic benefit to local communities, while providing critical habitat for hundreds of species of fish and wildlife. This book provides compendium of recent data and synthesis from more than 100 experts in wildlife and rangeland ecology in Western North America. It provides a current and in-depth synthesis of knowledge related to wildlife ecology in rangeland ecosystems, and the tools used to manage them, to serve current and future wildlife biologists and rangeland managers in the working landscapes of the West. The book also identifies information gaps and serves as a jumping-off point for future research of wildlife in rangeland ecosystems. While the content focuses on wildlife ecology and management in rangelands of Western North America, the material has important implications for rangeland ecosystems worldwide.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 636
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Book Description
Set includes revised editions of some issues.
Author: Fred S. Guthery
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Animal behavior
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
We studied the thermal ecology of northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) to better understand the role of temperature in the field behavior of these birds. We obtained descriptive data on thermal aspects of the landscape; bobwhite selection for Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI; vegetation biomass) classes and cover associations relative to their thermal properties; and thermal conditions at nests, mid-day coverts, and roosts. We collected data on 796-ha area in the Texas Rolling Plains during May 2000-July 2003 using satellite imagery, black-bulb temperature probes, mortality- and temperature-sensing radiotransmitters, and continuous-recording video cameras for nest observations"--page 1.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 740
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 764
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Book Description
Coverage: 1982- current; updated: monthly. This database covers current ecology research across a wide range of disciplines, reflecting recent advances in light of growing evidence regarding global environmental change and destruction. Major ares of subject coverage include: Algae/lichens, Animals, Annelids, Aquatic ecosystems, Arachnids, Arid zones, Birds, Brackish water, Bryophytes/pteridophytes, Coastal ecosystems, Conifers, Conservation, Control, Crustaceans, Ecosyst em studies, Fungi, Grasses, Grasslands, High altitude environments, Human ecology, Insects, Legumes, Mammals, Management, Microorganisms, Molluscs, Nematodes, Paleo-ecology, Plants, Pollution studies, Reptiles, River basins, Soil, TAiga/tundra, Terrestrial ecosystems, Vertebrates, Wetlands, Woodlands.
Author: Charles J. Krebs
Publisher: Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Company
ISBN: 9780321068798
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 695
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Book Description
This best-selling majors ecology book continues to present ecology as a series of problems for readers to critically analyze. No other text presents analytical, quantitative, and statistical ecological information in an equally accessible style. Reflecting the way ecologists actually practice, the book emphasizes the role of experiments in testing ecological ideas and discusses many contemporary and controversial problems related to distribution and abundance. Throughout the book, Krebs thoroughly explains the application of mathematical concepts in ecology while reinforcing these concepts with research references, examples, and interesting end-of-chapter review questions. Thoroughly updated with new examples and references, the book now features a new full-color design and is accompanied by an art CD-ROM for instructors. The field package also includes The Ecology Action Guide, a guide that encourages readers to be environmentally responsible citizens, and a subscription to The Ecology Place (www.ecologyplace.com), a web site and CD-ROM that enables users to become virtual field ecologists by performing experiments such as estimating the number of mice on an imaginary island or restoring prairie land in Iowa. For college instructors and students.
