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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 142
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Book Description
The extent of integral abutment use in skewed bridges and different guidelines used for analysis and design of integral abutments in skewed bridges.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 142
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Book Description
The extent of integral abutment use in skewed bridges and different guidelines used for analysis and design of integral abutments in skewed bridges.
Author: P. S. Yang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 142
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Book Description
The extent of integral abutment use in skewed bridges and different guidelines used for analysis and design of integral abutments in skewed bridges.
Author: Pe-Shen Yang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 442
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Book Description
Author: Bhavik R. Shah
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 190
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Book Description
Integral Bridges (IBs) are joint-less bridges whereby the deck is continuous and monolithic with abutment walls. IBs are outperforming their non-integral counterparts in economy and safety. Their principal advantages are derived from the absence of expansion joints and sliding bearings in the deck, making them the most cost-effective system in terms of construction, maintenance, and longevity. The main purpose of constructing IBs is to prevent the corrosion of structure due to water seepage through joints. The simple and rapid construction provides smooth, uninterrupted deck that is aesthetically pleasing and safer for riding. The single structural unit increases the degree of redundancy enabling higher resistance to extreme events. However, the design of IBs not being an exact science poses certain critical issues. The continuity achieved by this construction results in thermally induced deformations. These in turn introduce a significantly complex and nonlinear soil-structure interaction into the response of abutment walls and piles of the lB. The unknown soil response and its effect on the stresses in the bridge, creates uncertainties in the design. To gain a better understanding of the mechanism of load transfer due to thermal expansion, which is also dependent on the type of the soil adjacent to the abutment walls and piles, a 3D finite element analysis is carried out on a representative IB using state-of-the-art finite element code ABAQUS/Standard 6.5-1. A literature review focusing on past numerical studies of IBs is presented, followed by details of the numerical model developed in this study using the interactive environment ABAQUS/CAE 6.5-1 along with the analysis details. A discussion of results of the analysis of the IB with three different soil conditions, each experiencing three different temperature change scenarios is presented. Conclusions of the study and recommendations for future research wrap up the report. The advancement of knowledge enabled by this research will provide a basis for introduction of new guidelines in Kansas Bridge Design Manual.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Integral Abutment Bridges (IABs) are Jointless Bridges whereby the deck is continuous and monolithic with abutment walls. IABs are outperforming their non-integral counterparts in economy and safety. Their principal advantages are derived from the absence of expansion joints and sliding bearings in the deck, making them the most cost-effective system in terms of construction, maintenance, and longevity. The main purpose of constructing IABs is to prevent the corrosion of structure due to water seepage through joints. The simple and rapid construction provides smooth, uninterrupted deck that is aesthetically pleasing and safer for riding. The single structural unit increases the degree of redundancy enabling higher resistance to extreme events. However, the design of IABs not being an exact science poses certain critical issues. The continuity achieved by this construction results in thermally induced deformations. These in turn introduce a significantly complex and nonlinear soil-structure interaction into the response of abutment walls and piles of the IAB. The unknown soil response and its effect on the stresses in the bridge, creates uncertainties in the design. To gain a better understanding of the mechanism of load transfer due to thermal expansion, which is also dependent on the type of the soil adjacent to the abutment walls and piles, a 3D finite element analysis is carried out on a representative IAB using state-of-the-art finite element code ABAQUS/Standard 6.5-1. A literature review focusing on past numerical models of IABs is presented followed by details of the numerical model developed in this study using the interactive environment ABAQUS/CAE 6.5-1 along with the analysis details. A discussion of results for the analysis of the IAB with three different soil conditions and each experiencing three different temperature change scenarios is presented. Conclusions of the study and recommendations for future research wrap up the thesis. The advancement of knowledge enabled by this research will provide a basis for introduction of new guidelines in Kansas Bridge Design Manual.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 302
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Book Description
Author: John G. DeLano
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 220
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Book Description
In Maine, there are often cases where the depth to bedrock prohibits integral abutments bridges from being used. The goal of this research is to determine the feasibility of constructing integral abutments in conditions that cannot provide the fixed support conditions that are traditionally assumed. A finite element model was created that incorporates realistic constitutive and surface interaction models.
Author: Robert J. Frosch
Publisher: Joint Transportation Research Program
ISBN: 9781622600120
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 149
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Book Description
Integral abutment (IA) construction has become the preferred method over conventional construction for use with typical highway bridges. However, the use of these structures is limited due to state mandated length and skew limitations. To expand their applicability, studies were implemented to define limitations supported by rational analysis rather than simply engineering judgment. Previous research investigations have resulted in larger length limits and an overall better understanding of these structures. However, questions still remain regarding IA behavior; specifically questions regarding long-term behavior and effects of skew. To better define the behavior of these structures, a study was implemented to specifically investigate the long term behavior of IA bridges. First, a field monitoring program was implemented to observe and understand the in-service behavior of three integral abutment bridges. The results of the field investigation were used to develop and calibrate analytical models that adequately capture the long-term behavior. Second, a single-span, quarter-scale integral abutment bridge was constructed and tested to provide insight on the behavior of highly skewed structures. From the acquired knowledge from both the field and laboratory investigations, a parametric analysis was conducted to characterize the effects of a broad range of parameters on the behavior of integral abutment bridges. This study develops an improved understanding of the overall behavior of IA bridges. Based on the results of this study, modified length and skew limitations for integral abutment bridge are proposed. In addition, modeling recommendations and guidelines have been developed to aid designers and facilitate the increased use of integral abutment bridges.
Author: Michel Arsenault
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The objective of this work is to develop a design method for Integral Abutment Bridges (IABs), such that more accurate predictions of pile response to vehicular loading can be made. This paper presents the results of field tests performed on piles which support an IAB. These results led to a recommended IAB design procedure which includes an in-situ lateral pile load test, the development of P-Y curves, and the establishment of non-linear soil spring constants for modelling IABs. A brief look at the soil-structure interaction (SSI) and mechanics of IABs, as well as a literature review of the evolution of the IAB design process, are included. Early works including the Winkler and elastic continuum theories lead to the establishment of solutions, which provide displacement and stress values used for design purposes. However, the advent of the home computer made Finite Element Modelling (FEM) a more viable and accurate approach to solving "beam on elastic subgrade" problems. A hybrid approach, combining FEM and Winkler theories (FEM-Winkler), has since become standard practice for designers of IABs throughout Canada. An example of such is presented herein. The coefficient of horizontal subgrade reaction, kh, from which are derived the stiffnesses of discrete soil springs used in the hybrid FEM-Winkler design process, is a variable that is difficult to estimate. Therefore, some structural and geotechnical engineers recommend conducting tests to better assess the actual lateral soil spring stiffnesses. Many of these tests, including those described in the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard D3966, are designed to be conducted on expensive mock-up pile assemblies with similar characteristics to those planned for the production piles. An alternate and more economical approach, consisting of an in-situ lateral pile test conducted on a production pile, was conducted. A live load test to measure bridge deck deflection and pile strain was also performed, and both tests are presented herein. Based on the results of the in-situ lateral pile test, structural models were created with the structural software STAAD.Pro, and assumed values of linear lateral soil spring stiffnesses were used to match the pile head deflection and strain measured in the field. Initial estimates of spring stiffness were based on values of the variation of modulus of horizontal subgrade reaction (nh) that were recommended in the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (CHBDC) CAN CSA S6-14, and the Canadian Foundation Engineering Manual (CFEM,1992) for each of three (3) soil strata. These soil spring stiffnesses were found to be accurate at high soil strain, but much too flexible at low strain, which indicated soil non-linearity. Therefore, non-linear reaction-deflection (P-Y) curves were developed from the linear soil spring models, by noting the soil reaction at each discrete soil spring location, based on modelled soil/pile deflection. Non-linear soil springs were defined from the tangential stiffness of the P-Y curves, and these were used to refine a three-dimensional FEM-Winkler bridge model. A comparison of the model incorporating non-linear soil springs with the model incorporating linear soil springs demonstrated that each had a similar response to vehicular loading. Further to this, the predicted pile stresses and deck deflections from both bridge models agreed with values measured during the vehicular live-load bridge test.
