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Author: Ildikó Rácz
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
ISBN: 288919213X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Book Description
Addiction is a chronic relapsing disorder, which comprises impulsive and compulsive elements. Chronic drug consumption leads to long-term neuroadaptive changes in the brain thus result in an addictive state. However, development of addiction is a complex interaction between genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. The resulting cellular and molecular changes mediate the transition from controlled drug use to the loss of control over drug-taking and drug-seeking. The human association studies helped us to identify some important genetic factors responsible for the susceptibility to addiction. However, social, environmental circumstances highly influence the development of addiction. Using animal models helps us to examine the underlying neuronal/molecular processes under standardised conditions. The aim of this Research Topic is to summarize our knowledge about the neuroplastic changes, which contribute to the maintenance of drug taking. Data presented in this Research Topic should also provide evidences how acute and long-term neuronal changes during withdrawal result in relapse. How different neuromodulators like endocannabinoids and endogenous opioids contribute to molecular mechanisms that mediate the transition from the controlled, occasional drug consumption to the uncontrolled, escalating drug use and seeking.
Author: Ildikó Rácz
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
ISBN: 288919213X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 108
Get Book
Book Description
Addiction is a chronic relapsing disorder, which comprises impulsive and compulsive elements. Chronic drug consumption leads to long-term neuroadaptive changes in the brain thus result in an addictive state. However, development of addiction is a complex interaction between genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. The resulting cellular and molecular changes mediate the transition from controlled drug use to the loss of control over drug-taking and drug-seeking. The human association studies helped us to identify some important genetic factors responsible for the susceptibility to addiction. However, social, environmental circumstances highly influence the development of addiction. Using animal models helps us to examine the underlying neuronal/molecular processes under standardised conditions. The aim of this Research Topic is to summarize our knowledge about the neuroplastic changes, which contribute to the maintenance of drug taking. Data presented in this Research Topic should also provide evidences how acute and long-term neuronal changes during withdrawal result in relapse. How different neuromodulators like endocannabinoids and endogenous opioids contribute to molecular mechanisms that mediate the transition from the controlled, occasional drug consumption to the uncontrolled, escalating drug use and seeking.
Author: Nicholas W. Gilpin
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128234547
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 560
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Book Description
People use drugs for many different reasons, including the pursuit of "high," social factors and self-medication of other conditions. Many millions of people are addicted to at least one substance, and the cost of addiction is immense, at both the individual and societal levels. Neurocircuitry of Addiction is the first book of its kind, with a focus on addiction neuroscience from a neural circuit perspective. This book begins with a primer on circuit-based neuroscience that equips the reader with an understanding of the applications described throughout the book. Each subsequent chapter positions a different brain region at the "center" of addiction neurocircuitry and goes on to describe the anatomical connectivity of that brain region, how those circuits are affected by drug exposure, and the role of those circuits in controlling addiction-related behaviors. All chapters of this book are written by content experts for a target audience that has some basic neuroscience background, but no prior in-depth knowledge regarding the neurocircuitry of addiction. Reviews the circuit-based tools that are used by scientists to investigate neural circuit function Describes how acute and chronic alcohol and drug exposure affect neural circuit function Describes the state of the science regarding the role of specific neural circuis in drug addiction Chapters include data from both human neuroscience and animal models
Author: Mary Torregrossa
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128123311
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 306
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Book Description
Neural Mechanisms of Addiction is the only book available that synthesizes the latest research in the field into a single, accessible resource covering all aspects of how addiction develops and persists in the brain. The book summarizes our most recent understanding on the neural mechanisms underlying addiction. It also examines numerous biobehavioral aspects of addiction disorders, such as reinforcement learning, reward, cognitive dysfunction, stress, and sleep and circadian rhythms that are not covered in any other publication. Readers with find the most up-to-date information on which to build a foundation for their future research in this expanding field. Combining chapters from leading researchers and thought leaders, this book is an indispensable guide for students and investigators engaged in addiction research. Transcends multiple neural, neurochemical and behavioral domains Summarizes advances in the field of addiction research since the advent of optogenetics Discusses the most current, leading theories of addiction, including molecular mechanisms and dopamine mechanisms
Author: Sara Palermo
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1789840511
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 162
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Book Description
What do we mean by "behavioral neuroscience?" This volume aims at providing an overview of behavioral neuroscience and deepening neuronal mechanisms and brain circuits that regulate the fundamental aspects of human behavior, such as cognitive and emotional functions. It is intended to give the reader the most up-to-date vision of how the interaction between biological mechanisms and neurocognitive processes leads to complex and highly organized behaviors.In recent years the strong impulse given to research on behavioral neuroscience has produced a large literature that documents the high level of complexity of the issue, for which it is necessary to provide a reasoned multidimensional analysis able to integrate the expertise of different disciplines.The book offers an excellent synopsis of perspectives, methods, empirical evidences, and international references. Therefore, it represents an extraordinary opportunity to target neuroscientific hot topics and to outline new horizons in the study of the relationship between brain and behavior.
Author: Marc Lewis
Publisher: PublicAffairs
ISBN: 1610394380
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
Through the vivid, true stories of five people who journeyed into and out of addiction, a renowned neuroscientist explains why the "disease model" of addiction is wrong and illuminates the path to recovery. The psychiatric establishment and rehab industry in the Western world have branded addiction a brain disease. But in The Biology of Desire, cognitive neuroscientist and former addict Marc Lewis makes a convincing case that addiction is not a disease, and shows why the disease model has become an obstacle to healing. Lewis reveals addiction as an unintended consequence of the brain doing what it's supposed to do-seek pleasure and relief-in a world that's not cooperating. As a result, most treatment based on the disease model fails. Lewis shows how treatment can be retooled to achieve lasting recovery. This is enlightening and optimistic reading for anyone who has wrestled with addiction either personally or professionally.
Author: Judith Grisel
Publisher: Anchor
ISBN: 0525434909
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
A NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER From a renowned behavioral neuroscientist and recovering addict, a rare page-turning work of science that draws on personal insights to reveal how drugs work, the dangerous hold they can take on the brain, and the surprising way to combat today's epidemic of addiction. Judith Grisel was a daily drug user and college dropout when she began to consider that her addiction might have a cure, one that she herself could perhaps discover by studying the brain. Now, after twenty-five years as a neuroscientist, she shares what she and other scientists have learned about addiction, enriched by captivating glimpses of her personal journey. In Never Enough, Grisel reveals the unfortunate bottom line of all regular drug use: there is no such thing as a free lunch. All drugs act on the brain in a way that diminishes their enjoyable effects and creates unpleasant ones with repeated use. Yet they have their appeal, and Grisel draws on anecdotes both comic and tragic from her own days of using as she limns the science behind the love of various drugs, from marijuana to alcohol, opiates to psychedelics, speed to spice. With more than one in five people over the age of fourteen addicted, drug abuse has been called the most formidable health problem worldwide, and Grisel delves with compassion into the science of this scourge. She points to what is different about the brains of addicts even before they first pick up a drink or drug, highlights the changes that take place in the brain and behavior as a result of chronic using, and shares the surprising hidden gifts of personality that addiction can expose. She describes what drove her to addiction, what helped her recover, and her belief that a “cure” for addiction will not be found in our individual brains but in the way we interact with our communities. Set apart by its color, candor, and bell-clear writing, Never Enough is a revelatory look at the roles drugs play in all of our lives and offers crucial new insight into how we can solve the epidemic of abuse.
Author: Norman Doidge, M.D.
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 1101147113
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 447
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Book Description
“Fascinating. Doidge’s book is a remarkable and hopeful portrait of the endless adaptability of the human brain.”—Oliver Sacks, MD, author of The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat What is neuroplasticity? Is it possible to change your brain? Norman Doidge’s inspiring guide to the new brain science explains all of this and more An astonishing new science called neuroplasticity is overthrowing the centuries-old notion that the human brain is immutable, and proving that it is, in fact, possible to change your brain. Psychoanalyst, Norman Doidge, M.D., traveled the country to meet both the brilliant scientists championing neuroplasticity, its healing powers, and the people whose lives they’ve transformed—people whose mental limitations, brain damage or brain trauma were seen as unalterable. We see a woman born with half a brain that rewired itself to work as a whole, blind people who learn to see, learning disorders cured, IQs raised, aging brains rejuvenated, stroke patients learning to speak, children with cerebral palsy learning to move with more grace, depression and anxiety disorders successfully treated, and lifelong character traits changed. Using these marvelous stories to probe mysteries of the body, emotion, love, sex, culture, and education, Dr. Doidge has written an immensely moving, inspiring book that will permanently alter the way we look at our brains, human nature, and human potential.
Author: George F. Koob
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080497373
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 503
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Book Description
Neurobiology of Addiction is conceived as a current survey and synthesis of the most important findings in our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms of addiction over the past 50 years. The book includes a scholarly introduction, thorough descriptions of animal models of addiction, and separate chapters on the neurobiological mechanisms of addiction for psychostimulants, opioids, alcohol, nicotine and cannabinoids. Key information is provided about the history, sources, and pharmacokinetics and psychopathology of addiction of each drug class, as well as the behavioral and neurobiological mechanism of action for each drug class at the molecular, cellular and neurocircuitry level of analysis. A chapter on neuroimaging and drug addiction provides a synthesis of exciting new data from neuroimaging in human addicts — a unique perspective unavailable from animal studies. The final chapters explore theories of addiction at the neurobiological and neuroadaptational level both from a historical and integrative perspective. The book incorporates diverse finding with an emphasis on integration and synthesis rather than discrepancies or differences in the literature. · Presents a unique perspective on addiction that emphasizes molecular, cellular and neurocircuitry changes in the transition to addiction · Synthesizes diverse findings on the neurobiology of addiction to provide a heuristic framework for future work · Features extensive documentation through numerous original figures and tables that that will be useful for understanding and teaching
Author: Frank Lawlis
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1442241993
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 205
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Book Description
PsychoNeuroPlasticity Protocols for Addictions: A Clinical Companion for the Big Book is a book that represents a tipping point in the translation of addiction science into practical, real-world applications for practitioners. It translates brain research into patient deliverables by explaining how to use the brain to fight addiction and improve recovery outcomes. It does so while embracing the long-standing recovery culture that has been the only source of hope for addicts and alcoholics in the past fifty years. The contents of the book reveal the transformational aspects of recovery along with the scientific principles of what Dr. Lawlis has coined as “PsychoNeuroPlasticity,” along with many of the barriers to transformation. More specifically it covers brain patterns that relate to depression, anxiety, OCD, mood and even brain development issues noted in premature development of adjustment in young addicts. The approaches are not singular in nature, but cover a wide range of effective modes of treatment, including diet, exercise, meditation, and biofeedback. The reader and treatment specialist will be re-energized by witnessing the changes in patient care, staff training, and outcomes. Digging deeper, however, this book is about hope—hope that the work of two decades of brain science will finally reach those who need it most; hope that we finally have a tool that will give us a true advantage in the war on addiction; and hope that lives lost to this disease every year will someday be stymied.
Author: David W. Self
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642030017
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Book Description
Drug addiction is a chronically relapsing mental illness involving severe motivational disturbances and loss of behavioral control leading to personal dev- tation. The disorder af?icts millions of people, often co-occurring with other mental illnesses with enormous social and economic costs to society. Several decades of research have established that drugs of abuse hijack the brain’s natural reward substrates, and that chronic drug use causes aberrant alterations in these rewa- processing systems. Such aberrations may be demonstrated at the cellular, neu- transmitter, and regional levels of information processing using either animal models or neuroimaging in humans following chronic drug exposure. Behaviorally, these neural aberrations manifest as exaggerated, altered or dysfunctional expr- sion of learned behavioral responses related to the pursuit of drug rewards, or to environmental factors that precipitate craving and relapse during periods of drug withdrawal. Current research efforts are aimed at understanding the associative and causal relationships between these neurobiological and behavioral events, such that treatment options will ultimately employ therapeutic amelioration of neural de?cits and restoration of normal brain processing to promote efforts to abstain from further drug use. The Behavioral Neuroscience of Drug Addiction, part of the Springer series on Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences, contains scholarly reviews by noted experts on multiple topics from both basic and clinical neuroscience ?elds.
