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Author: Martin L. Weiss
Publisher: Nova Publishers
ISBN: 9781600214851
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Book Description
In neuroscience, a neural network is a bit of conceptual juggernaut: the conceptual transition from neuroanatomy, a rigorously descriptive discipline of observed structure, to the designation of the parameters delimiting a 'network' can be problematic. In outline a neural network describes a population of physically interconnected neurons or a group of disparate neurons whose inputs or signalling targets define a recognisable circuit. Communication between neurons often involves an electrochemical process. The interface through which they interact with surrounding neurons usually consists of several dendrites (input connections), which are connected via synapses to other neurons, and one axon (output connection). If the sum of the input signals surpasses a certain threshold, the neuron sends an action potential (AP) at the axon hillock and transmits this electrical signal along the axon. This important book presents the latest research in this field.
Author: Martin L. Weiss
Publisher: Nova Publishers
ISBN: 9781600214851
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Book Description
In neuroscience, a neural network is a bit of conceptual juggernaut: the conceptual transition from neuroanatomy, a rigorously descriptive discipline of observed structure, to the designation of the parameters delimiting a 'network' can be problematic. In outline a neural network describes a population of physically interconnected neurons or a group of disparate neurons whose inputs or signalling targets define a recognisable circuit. Communication between neurons often involves an electrochemical process. The interface through which they interact with surrounding neurons usually consists of several dendrites (input connections), which are connected via synapses to other neurons, and one axon (output connection). If the sum of the input signals surpasses a certain threshold, the neuron sends an action potential (AP) at the axon hillock and transmits this electrical signal along the axon. This important book presents the latest research in this field.
Author: Joachim Diederich
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642140270
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 316
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Book Description
This book presents a fascinating and self-contained account of "recruitment learning", a model and theory of fast learning in the neocortex. In contrast to the more common attractor network paradigm for long- and short-term memory, recruitment learning focuses on one-shot learning or "chunking" of arbitrary feature conjunctions that co-occur in single presentations. The book starts with a comprehensive review of the historic background of recruitment learning, putting special emphasis on the ground-breaking work of D.O. Hebb, W.A.Wickelgren, J.A.Feldman, L.G.Valiant, and L. Shastri. Afterwards a thorough mathematical analysis of the model is presented which shows that recruitment is indeed a plausible mechanism of memory formation in the neocortex. A third part extends the main concepts towards state-of-the-art spiking neuron models and dynamic synchronization as a tentative solution of the binding problem. The book further discusses the possible role of adult neurogenesis for recruitment. These recent developments put the theory of recruitment learning at the forefront of research on biologically inspired memory models and make the book an important and timely contribution to the field.
Author: Robert Kozma
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0323958168
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 398
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Book Description
Artificial Intelligence in the Age of Neural Networks and Brain Computing, Second Edition demonstrates that present disruptive implications and applications of AI is a development of the unique attributes of neural networks, mainly machine learning, distributed architectures, massive parallel processing, black-box inference, intrinsic nonlinearity, and smart autonomous search engines. The book covers the major basic ideas of "brain-like computing" behind AI, provides a framework to deep learning, and launches novel and intriguing paradigms as possible future alternatives. The present success of AI-based commercial products proposed by top industry leaders, such as Google, IBM, Microsoft, Intel, and Amazon, can be interpreted using the perspective presented in this book by viewing the co-existence of a successful synergism among what is referred to as computational intelligence, natural intelligence, brain computing, and neural engineering. The new edition has been updated to include major new advances in the field, including many new chapters. - Developed from the 30th anniversary of the International Neural Network Society (INNS) and the 2017 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN - Authored by top experts, global field pioneers, and researchers working on cutting-edge applications in signal processing, speech recognition, games, adaptive control and decision-making - Edited by high-level academics and researchers in intelligent systems and neural networks - Includes all new chapters, including topics such as Frontiers in Recurrent Neural Network Research; Big Science, Team Science, Open Science for Neuroscience; A Model-Based Approach for Bridging Scales of Cortical Activity; A Cognitive Architecture for Object Recognition in Video; How Brain Architecture Leads to Abstract Thought; Deep Learning-Based Speech Separation and Advances in AI, Neural Networks
Author: Andreas K. Engel
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262034328
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 433
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Book Description
Experts from a range of disciplines assess the foundations and implications of a novel action-oriented view of cognition. Cognitive science is experiencing a pragmatic turn away from the traditional representation-centered framework toward a view that focuses on understanding cognition as “enactive.” This enactive view holds that cognition does not produce models of the world but rather subserves action as it is grounded in sensorimotor skills. In this volume, experts from cognitive science, neuroscience, psychology, robotics, and philosophy of mind assess the foundations and implications of a novel action-oriented view of cognition. Their contributions and supporting experimental evidence show that an enactive approach to cognitive science enables strong conceptual advances, and the chapters explore key concepts for this new model of cognition. The contributors discuss the implications of an enactive approach for cognitive development; action-oriented models of cognitive processing; action-oriented understandings of consciousness and experience; and the accompanying paradigm shifts in the fields of philosophy, brain science, robotics, and psychology. Contributors Moshe Bar, Lawrence W. Barsalov, Olaf Blanke, Jeannette Bohg, Martin V. Butz, Peter F. Dominey, Andreas K. Engel, Judith M. Ford, Karl J. Friston, Chris D. Frith, Shaun Gallagher, Antonia Hamilton, Tobias Heed, Cecilia Heyes, Elisabeth Hill, Matej Hoffmann, Jakob Hohwy, Bernhard Hommel, Atsushi Iriki, Pierre Jacob, Henrik Jörntell, Jürgen Jost, James Kilner, Günther Knoblich, Peter König, Danica Kragic, Miriam Kyselo, Alexander Maye, Marek McGann, Richard Menary, Thomas Metzinger, Ezequiel Morsella, Saskia Nagel, Kevin J. O'Regan, Pierre-Yves Oudeyer, Giovanni Pezzulo, Tony J. Prescott, Wolfgang Prinz, Friedemann Pulvermüller, Robert Rupert, Marti Sanchez-Fibla, Andrew Schwartz, Anil K. Seth, Vicky Southgate, Antonella Tramacere, John K. Tsotsos, Paul F. M. J. Verschure, Gabriella Vigliocco, Gottfried Vosgerau
Author: Abhishek Swaroop
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9819763185
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 635
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Book Description
Author: Vwani Roychowdhury
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461526965
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 482
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Book Description
For any research field to have a lasting impact, there must be a firm theoretical foundation. Neural networks research is no exception. Some of the founda tional concepts, established several decades ago, led to the early promise of developing machines exhibiting intelligence. The motivation for studying such machines comes from the fact that the brain is far more efficient in visual processing and speech recognition than existing computers. Undoubtedly, neu robiological systems employ very different computational principles. The study of artificial neural networks aims at understanding these computational prin ciples and applying them in the solutions of engineering problems. Due to the recent advances in both device technology and computational science, we are currently witnessing an explosive growth in the studies of neural networks and their applications. It may take many years before we have a complete understanding about the mechanisms of neural systems. Before this ultimate goal can be achieved, an swers are needed to important fundamental questions such as (a) what can neu ral networks do that traditional computing techniques cannot, (b) how does the complexity of the network for an application relate to the complexity of that problem, and (c) how much training data are required for the resulting network to learn properly? Everyone working in the field has attempted to answer these questions, but general solutions remain elusive. However, encouraging progress in studying specific neural models has been made by researchers from various disciplines.
Author: Günther Palm
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303100311X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 269
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Book Description
In the new edition of Neural Assemblies, the author places his original ideas and motivations within the framework of modern and cognitive neuroscience and gives a short and focused overview of the development of computational neuroscience and artificial neural networks over the last 40 years. In this book the author develops a theory of how the human brain might function. Starting with a motivational introduction to the brain as an organ of information processing, he presents a computational perspective on the basic concepts and ideas of neuroscience research on the underlying principles of brain function. In addition, the reader is introduced to the most important methods from computer science and mathematical modeling that are required for a computational understanding of information processing in the brain. Written by an expert in the field of neural information processing, this book offers a personal historical view of the development of artificial intelligence, artificial neural networks, and computational cognitive neuroscience over the last 40 years, with a focus on the realization of higher cognitive functions rather than more peripheral sensory or motor organization. The book is therefore aimed at students and researchers who want to understand how the basic neuroscientific and computational concepts in the study of brain function have changed over the last decades.
Author: Greg Zacharias
Publisher: Independently Published
ISBN: 9781092834346
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 420
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Book Description
Dr. Greg Zacharias, former Chief Scientist of the United States Air Force (2015-18), explores next steps in autonomous systems (AS) development, fielding, and training. Rapid advances in AS development and artificial intelligence (AI) research will change how we think about machines, whether they are individual vehicle platforms or networked enterprises. The payoff will be considerable, affording the US military significant protection for aviators, greater effectiveness in employment, and unlimited opportunities for novel and disruptive concepts of operations. Autonomous Horizons: The Way Forward identifies issues and makes recommendations for the Air Force to take full advantage of this transformational technology.
Author: Stephen Cave
Publisher:
ISBN: 0198846665
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 439
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Book Description
This book is the first to examine the history of imaginative thinking about intelligent machines, featuring contributions from leading humanities and social science scholars who detail the narratives about artificial intelligence (AI) that in turn offer a crucial epistemic site for exploring contemporary debates about these powerful technologies.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264276289
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 325
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Book Description
The OECD Digital Economy Outlook examines and documents the evolutions and emerging opportunities and challenges in the digital economy. It highlights how OECD countries and partner economies are taking advantage of ICTs and the Internet to meet their public policy objectives.
