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Author: Luba Sominsky
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 288919602X
Category : Nervous system
Languages : en
Pages : 138
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Book Description
The brain and immune system are involved in an intricate network of bidirectional communication. This relationship is vital for optimal physiological and psychological development and functioning but can also result in unwanted outcomes. In particular, this interaction plays an important role in cognition, mood and behaviour. Neuroinflammation is known to contribute to neurological and affective disorders including impaired learning and memory, depressive, anxiety and schizoaffective symptoms, as well as pain. The development of these conditions often occurs on the backdrop of pre-existing physical illnesses which give rise to increased activation of the immune system, such as cancer, obesity, infection and autoimmune disorders. Similarly, psychological states can alter regulation of the immune system. This has been most extensively studied in the context of stress and immune function. Understanding the underlying mechanisms that lead to the onset of inflammation-induced neuropathology and stress-induced immune suppression will contribute to the development of novel and effective treatment strategies for both the disease and its neurological side effects. In this research topic we explored the relationship between the immune system and the brain throughout life. We include both original research and review papers from animal, clinical and molecular perspectives.
Author: Luba Sominsky
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 288919602X
Category : Nervous system
Languages : en
Pages : 138
Get Book Here
Book Description
The brain and immune system are involved in an intricate network of bidirectional communication. This relationship is vital for optimal physiological and psychological development and functioning but can also result in unwanted outcomes. In particular, this interaction plays an important role in cognition, mood and behaviour. Neuroinflammation is known to contribute to neurological and affective disorders including impaired learning and memory, depressive, anxiety and schizoaffective symptoms, as well as pain. The development of these conditions often occurs on the backdrop of pre-existing physical illnesses which give rise to increased activation of the immune system, such as cancer, obesity, infection and autoimmune disorders. Similarly, psychological states can alter regulation of the immune system. This has been most extensively studied in the context of stress and immune function. Understanding the underlying mechanisms that lead to the onset of inflammation-induced neuropathology and stress-induced immune suppression will contribute to the development of novel and effective treatment strategies for both the disease and its neurological side effects. In this research topic we explored the relationship between the immune system and the brain throughout life. We include both original research and review papers from animal, clinical and molecular perspectives.
Author: Jaclyn M. Schwarz
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN: 1615043519
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 131
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Book Description
The developing brain is exquisitely sensitive to both endogenous and exogenous signals which direct or significantly alter the developmental trajectory of cells, neural circuits, and associated behavioral outcomes for the life of the individual. Contrary to initial dogma that the brain is one of the few organs within the body that is immune-privileged, evidence indicates that the immune system has a critical role in brain function during development as well as during sickness and health in adulthood. Microglia are the primary immune cells within the brain, and they are in constant communication with the peripheral immune system and surrounding cell types within the brain. We describe the important role of the immune system, including microglia, during brain development, and discuss some of the many ways in which immune activation during early brain development can affect the later-life outcomes of neural function, immune function, and cognition. Growing evidence indicates that there is a strong link between many neuropsychiatric disorders and immune dysfunction, with a distinct etiology in neurodevelopment. Thus, understanding the role of the immune system and immune activation during the critical period of brain development is a necessary step toward understanding the potential origins of these devastating disorders. Table of Contents: Introduction / The Immune Response / Brain-Immune Communication / Microglia Are Immune Cells of the Brain / The Functional Role of Microglia and Immune Molecules in Neurodevelopment / Early-Life Programming of Brain and Behavior: A Critical Role for the Immune System / Commonly Used Models of Early Life Immune Activation in the Rodent / Early Life Immune Activation and Cognitive Impairment in Adulthood / Mechanisms Underlying the Enduring Changes in Neuroimmune Function Caused by Early Life Infection / Toll-Like Receptors and Immune Activation During Early Brain Development / Environmental Triggers of TLR Activation: Long-Term Programming of Brain and Behavior / Future Directions to Understanding Immune Function and Brain Development / References
Author: Peter R. Laming
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521573689
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 448
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Book Description
This 1998 book discusses how neurons and glial cells interact with each other to influence behaviour.
Author: Howard L. Weiner
Publisher: BenBella Books
ISBN: 1953295886
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 285
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Book Description
1 in 6 people suffer from brain diseases like MS, Parkinson’s, and Alzheimer’s. Now, a Harvard neurologist takes you inside the brain under attack—and illuminates the path to a cure. Multiple Sclerosis. Parkinson’s Disease. Alzheimer’s. ALS. Chances are, you know someone with a neurologic disease. Because the brain controls so much and is integral to our identity, the diseases that affect it are uniquely devastating both to patients and families. And because it remains the most mysterious of our vital organs, treating the brain is an ongoing puzzle. In The Brain Under Siege, Howard Weiner likens the brain to a crime scene, showing readers how “clues” point to causes and suggest paths to a cure. He takes readers on a journey through the latest technological advances, exploring which routes of investigation have gone cold and which have led to breakthroughs. Readers couldn’t ask for a better guide: A professor of neurology at Harvard Medical School and co-director of the Ann Romney Center for Neurologic diseases, Weiner is an internationally renowned expert, who pioneered immunotherapy in MS and is currently investigating an Alzheimer’s vaccine. Informative and engaging, this groundbreaking book tells the story behind the science—painting a picture of the discoveries, setbacks, false leads, and victories on the front lines of brain research. Weiner also offers unique insight by exploring the experiences of the brave patients and families who make cutting-edge clinical trials possible. Both a clear-eyed assessment of where the science stands and a gripping and poignant narrative of the dramatic pursuit for a cure, The Brain Under Siege is a must-read for patients, families, and anyone interested in unraveling the mysteries of the brain.
Author: Bernhard Baune
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128110740
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 638
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Book Description
Inflammation and Immunity in Depression: Basic Science and Clinical Applications is the first book to move beyond the established theory of cytokine-induced depression and explore the broader role the immune system plays in this devastating mood disorder. The book fully explores the most recent lines of research into this rapidly advancing field, including alterations of T-cells, the neurobiological implications of neuroinflammation and immune alterations for brain development and function, and the genetic components of neuroinflammation in depression, including the relationships between stress and inflammation that are revealing gene-environment interactions in the disorder. Combining contributions from researchers worldwide, this book provides the most comprehensive discussion available today on the involvement of the innate immune and adaptive immune systems in depressive disorder. Chapters span neuroscience, psychology, clinical applications and future directions, making this book an invaluable resource for advanced students, researchers and practitioners who need to understand the complex and varied role of inflammation and immune responses in depression. - Synthesizes current knowledge of inflammation and immunity in depression, ranging from basic neuroscience research, to clinical applications in psychiatry - Expands on the long-established theory of cytokine-induced depression to discuss broader involvement of the immune system - Explores translational potential of targeting immune dysfunction for clinical interventions
Author: Jeffrey L. Cummings
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0195138589
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 429
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Book Description
This is the long-awaited successor to Jeffrey Cummings' classic work, Clinical Neuropsychiatry, published in 1985. That book represented an integration of behavioral neurology and biological psychiatry into a single volume devoted to explicating brain-behavior relationships. It was clinically oriented and intended for practitioners caring for patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. The new title reflects the authors' effort to link the recent explosion of new information from neurochemistry, neuroanatomy, genetics, neuropharmacology, neuropathology, and neuroimaging to the clinical descriptions. Yet the clinical emphasis of its predecessor has been maintained. Each chapter has a consistent approach and the book as whole provides a practical, easy-to-use synthesis of clinical advice and basic science. The volume is enhanced by 4-color images throughout. It is intended for students, residents, fellows, and practitioners of neurology, psychiatry, neuropsychology, and cognitive neuroscience. It will also be of interest to individuals in neuroimaging.
Author: Colin R Martin
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128158697
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 954
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Book Description
Genetics, Neurology, Behavior, and Diet in Dementia: The Neuroscience of Dementia, Volume 2 consolidates different fields of dementia research into a single book, covering a range of subjects, including Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body dementia, mixed dementia, vascular dementia, physical activity, risk factors, mortality, biomarkers, SPECT, CT, MRI, questionnaires, nutrition, sleep, delirium, hearing loss, agitation, aggression, delusions, anxiety, depression, hallucinations, psychosis, senile plaques, tau and amyloid-beta, neuroinflammation, and molecular biology. This foundational, comprehensive book assembles the latest understanding on all dementias and their common features in a single source. It is an invaluable resource for neuroscientists, neurologists, and anyone in the field. - Offers comprehensive coverage of a broad range of topics related to dementia - Serves as a foundational collection for neuroscientists and neurologists on the biology of dementia and brain dysfunction - Contains in each chapter an abstract, key facts, mini dictionary of terms, and summary points to aid in understanding - Provides unique sections on specific subareas, intellectual components, and knowledge-based niches that will help readers navigate key areas for research and further clinical recommendations - Features preclinical and clinical studies to help researchers map out key areas for research and further clinical recommendations - Serves as a "one-stop" source for everything you need to know about dementia
Author: Qing Yan
Publisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 9781627030700
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) has developed rapidly in the last four decades. As a multidisciplinary area, PNI may provide a scientific basis for mind-body relationships toward the development of personalized and systems medicine. In Psychoneuroimmunology:Methods and Protocols, expert researchers in the field detail methods and protocols geared toward the development of integrative and individualized therapeutics in multiple dimensions from drugs to behaviors. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, the chapters include the kind of detailed description and implementation advice that is crucial for getting optimal results in the laboratory. Thorough and intuitive, Psychoneuroimmunology:Methods and Protocols aids scientists in continuing to study holistic views for the translation of psychoneuroimmunology into better preventive and personalized medical practice.
Author: Ashok Kumar
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889457605
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 191
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Book Description
Aging is one of the major risk factors for the onset and progression of various neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroinflammation is a common feature of virtually every central nervous system disease, and is acknowledged as a likely mediator of cognitive impairments. Systemic inflammation levels are augmented with advanced age and neurodegeneration. The influence of age on neuroinflammatory responses including glial activation, increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, and aberrant neuronal signaling could magnify the deterioration of the central nervous system microenvironment in disease, and may contribute to enhanced cognitive impairment. This eBook is a collection of highly informative original research articles, providing comprehensive aspect of neuroinflammation and possible therapeutic interventions in rescuing cognitive impairments.
Author: Jun Chen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1603271856
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 490
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Book Description
Despite numerous recent studies and exciting discoveries in the field, only limited treatment is available today for the victims of acute neurological injuries. Animal Models of Acute Neurological Injuries provides a standardized methodology manual designed to eliminate the inconsistent preparations and variability that currently jeopardizes advances in the field. Contributed by top experts and many original developers of the models, each chapter contains a step-by-step, proven procedure and visual aids covering the most commonly used animal models of neurological injury in order to highlight the practical applications of animal models rather than the theoretical issues. This intensive volume presents its readily reproducible protocols with great clarity and consistency to best aid neuroscientists and neurobiologists in laboratory testing and experimentation. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Animal Models of Acute Neurological Injuries is an ideal guide for scientists and researchers who wish to pursue this vital course of study with the proficiency and precision that the field requires.
