Native Lampreys are More Resistant to 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) in Laboratory Tests Than Sea Lampreys PDF Download
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Author: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Lampreys
Languages : en
Pages : 2
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Book Description
Author: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Lampreys
Languages : en
Pages : 2
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Book Description
Author: Verdel K. Dawson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fishes
Languages : en
Pages : 13
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Book Description
The lampricide activity 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) was tested under controlled laboratory conditions to evaluate factors which may influence the efficacy of the chemical. TFM was tested at temperatures of 7, 12, 17 and 22 degrees Centigrade, total water hardnesses of 12, 44, 170 and 300 mg/liter as CaCO3, and pH's of 6.5, 7.5, 8.5 and 9.0. TFM is an effective lampricide. It is more effective against larvae of the sea lamprey than against embryos and prolarval stages and slightly more effective against larvae of sea lampreys than against those of the American brook lamprey. Efficacy of the lampricide is affected very little by temperature, but is reduced in hard water, especially at high pH's. High pH decreases the activity of TFM and has the greatest influence on toxicity of any of the factors investigated. TFM is slightly more effective against exposed (Free-swimming) larvae than against those in burrows.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fishes
Languages : en
Pages : 38
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Author: T. D. Bills
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aquatic invertebrates
Languages : en
Pages : 22
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Author: Leif L. Marking
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fishes
Languages : en
Pages : 27
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Book Description
The lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) is applied to tributary streams of the Great Lakes for controlling larvae of the sea lamprey. During treatments for lamprey control, cohabiting, nontarget fish are also exposed to TFM. Knowledge of the margin of safety for these fish is vitally important to the reduction of undesired effects of field applications. The lampricide is toxic to 15 species of coldwater and warmwater nontarget fish. The toxicity of TFM is influenced by temperature, water hardness, and pH. For certain species, more than 50 times as much chemical is needed to produce the same effect at pH 9.5 as at pH 6.5. The most influential factor is pH. In laboratory test water, TFM detoxifies slowly; solutions lose little or no activity over periods of 8 weeks.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fishes
Languages : en
Pages : 43
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Book Description
The lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) is applied to tributary streams of the Great Lakes for controlling larvae of the sea lamprey. During treatments for lamprey control, cohabiting, nontarget fish are also exposed to TFM. Knowledge of the margin of safety for these fish is vitally important to the reduction of undesired effects of field applications. The lampricide is toxic to 15 species of coldwater and warmwater nontarget fish. The toxicity of TFM is influenced by temperature, water hardness, and pH. For certain species, more than 50 times as much chemical is needed to produce the same effect at pH 9.5 as at pH 6.5. The most influential factor is pH. In laboratory test water, TFM detoxifies slowly; solutions lose little or no activity over periods of 8 weeks.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fishes
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Verdel K. Dawson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fishes
Languages : en
Pages : 11
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Book Description
The lampricidal effects of 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM), 2',5-dichloro-4'-nitrosalicylanilide (Bayer 73), and a 98:2 mixture of the two (TFM:2B) were tested against larvae of the sea lamprey under controlled laboratory conditions. The lampricides were tested in water temperatures of 7, 12, and 17 degrees Centigrade; total hardnesses of 44, 170, and 300 mg/liter as CaCO3; and pH's of 6.5, 7.5, and 8.5. Temperature had little influence on the toxicity of the lampricides, the effect of Bayer 73 was slowed in cold water. Water hardness did not significantly influence the activity of the 98:2 mixture. The toxicities of TFM, Bayer 73, and TFM:2B were significantly reduced in water of high pH. Burrowed sea lamprey larvae were less vulnerable to TFM, Bayer 73, and TFM:2B than were free-swimming larvae. TFM and TFM:2B were selective for free-swimming lampreys over the nontarget organisms used for comparison, but the margin of safety for nontarget organisms over burrowed sea lampreys was narrow.
Author: Philip A. Gilderhus
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Piscicides
Languages : en
Pages : 7
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Book Description
Samples of water, bottom soil, plants, invertebrates, and fish for residue analysis were collected from two stations on the East Au Gres River in Michigan before, during, and after treatment of the stream with 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) for control of sea lampreys. The residues were highest in samples collected as the last portion of full-strength TFM flowed past each station, and were much higher in water and organisms than in the bottom soil. FIsh retained higher residues than other organisms 24 hours after treatment; however, the residues decreased to less than 0.08 microgram/gram at 96 hours after treatment. Residues in soil were among the lowest found in all samples collected during the study.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fishes
Languages : en
Pages : 43
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Book Description
The lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) is applied to tributary streams of the Great Lakes for controlling larvae of the sea lamprey. During treatments for lamprey control, cohabiting, nontarget fish are also exposed to TFM. Knowledge of the margin of safety for these fish is vitally important to the reduction of undesired effects of field applications. The lampricide is toxic to 15 species of coldwater and warmwater nontarget fish. The toxicity of TFM is influenced by temperature, water hardness, and pH. For certain species, more than 50 times as much chemical is needed to produce the same effect at pH 9.5 as at pH 6.5. The most influential factor is pH. In laboratory test water, TFM detoxifies slowly; solutions lose little or no activity over periods of 8 weeks.
