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Author: Sara Moghadas Mehrabi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aquifers
Languages : en
Pages : 486
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Book Description
Author: Sara Moghadas Mehrabi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aquifers
Languages : en
Pages : 486
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Book Description
Author: Mohamed F. El-Amin
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323905129
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 432
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Book Description
Numerical Modeling of Nanoparticle Transport in Porous Media: MATLAB/PYTHON Approach focuses on modeling and numerical aspects of nanoparticle transport within single- and two-phase flow in porous media. The book discusses modeling development, dimensional analysis, numerical solutions and convergence analysis. Actual types of porous media have been considered, including heterogeneous, fractured, and anisotropic. Moreover, different interactions with nanoparticles are studied, such as magnetic nanoparticles, ferrofluids and polymers. Finally, several machine learning techniques are implemented to predict nanoparticle transport in porous media. This book provides a complete full reference in mathematical modeling and numerical aspects of nanoparticle transport in porous media. It is an important reference source for engineers, mathematicians, and materials scientists who are looking to increase their understanding of modeling, simulation, and analysis at the nanoscale. - Explains the major simulation models and numerical techniques used for predicting nanoscale transport phenomena - Provides MATLAB codes for most of the numerical simulation and Python codes for machine learning calculations - Uses examples and results to illustrate each model type to the reader - Assesses major application areas for each model type
Author: Tiantian Zhang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 622
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Book Description
The unique properties of engineered nanoparticles have many potential applications in oil reservoirs, e.g., as emulsion stabilizers for enhanced oil recovery, or as nano-sensors for reservoir characterization. Long-distance propagation (>100 m) is a prerequisite for many of these applications. With diameters between 10 to 100 nanometers, nanoparticles can easily pass through typical pore throats in reservoirs, but physicochemical interaction between nanoparticles and pore walls may still lead to significant retention. A model that accounts for the key mechanisms of nanoparticle transport and retention is essential for design purposes. In this dissertation, interactions are analyzed between nanoparticles and solid surface for their effects on nanoparticle deposition during transport with single-phase flow. The analysis suggests that the DLVO theory cannot explain the low retention concentration of nanoparticles during transport in saturated porous media. Moreover, the hydrodynamic forces are not strong enough for nanoparticle removal from rough surface. Based on different filtration mechanisms, various continuum transport models are formulated and used to simulate our nanoparticle transport experiments through water-saturated sandpacks and consolidated cores. Every model is tested on an extensive set of experimental data collected by Yu (2012) and Murphy (2012). The data enable a rigorous validation of a model. For a set of experiments injecting the same kind of nanoparticle, the deposition rate coefficients in the model are obtained by history matching of one effluent concentration history. With simple assumptions, the same coefficients are used by the model to predict the effluent histories of other experiments when experimental conditions are varied. Compared to experimental results, colloid filtration model fails to predict normalized effluent concentrations that approach unity, and the kinetic Langmuir model is inconsistent with non-zero nanoparticle retention after postflush. The two-step model, two-rate model and two-site model all have both reversible and irreversible adsorptions and can generate effluent histories similar to experimental data. However, the two-step model built based on interaction energy curve fails to fit the experimental effluent histories with delay in the leading edge but no delay in the trailing edge. The two-rate model with constant retardation factor shows a big failure in capturing the dependence of nanoparticle breakthrough delay on flow velocity and injection concentration. With independent reversible and irreversible adsorption sites the two-site model has capability to capture most features of nanoparticle transport in water-saturated porous media. For a given kind of nanoparticles, it can fit one experimental effluent history and predict others successfully with varied experimental conditions. Some deviations exist between model prediction and experimental data with pump stop and very low injection concentration (0.1 wt%). More detailed analysis of nanoparticle adsorption capacity in water-saturated sandpacks reveals that the measured irreversible adsorption capacity is always less than 35% of monolayer packing density. Generally, its value increases with higher injection concentration and lower flow velocities. Reinjection experiments suggest that the irreversible adsorption capacity has fixed value with constant injection rate and dispersion concentration, but it becomes larger if reinjection occurs with larger concentration or smaller flow rate.
Author: Wan Lutfi bin Wan Johari Wan Johari
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
Author: Travis J. Meidinger (MAJ, USAF)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
Author: Peter C. Lichtner
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 1501509799
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 452
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Book Description
Volume 34 of Reviews in Mineralogy focuses on methods to describe the extent and consequences of reactive flow and transport in natural subsurface systems. Since the field of reactive transport within the Earth Sciences is a highly multidisciplinary area of research, including geochemistry, geology, physics, chemistry, hydrology, and engineering, this book is an attempt to some extent bridge the gap between these different disciplines. This volume contains the contributions presented at a short course held in Golden, Colorado, October 25-27, 1996 in conjunction with the Mineralogical Society of America's (MSA) Annual Meeting with the Geological Society of America in Denver, Colorado.
Author: Jonathan E. Sanders
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The application of engineered nanomaterials has improved many traditional groundwater remediation technologies; however, the development of novel nano-scale remediation technologies remains limited. magnetic shell crosslinked knedel-like (MSCKs) are novel polymeric nanoparticles whose application towards groundwater remediation is promising. MSCKs differ from traditional remediation technologies in that they are non-reactive and highly selective for specific contaminants. MSCKs are spherical particles with a hydrophilic shell and hydrophobic core which entraps suspended iron oxide nanoparticles, rendering MSCKs magnetic. MSCKs operate like discrete surfactant packets: increasing the mobility and apparent solubility of hydrophobic species, but doing so within the confines of discrete particles which can then be recovered by filtration or magnetic removal. MSCKs accomplish this via the sequestration of hydrophobic species through the shell and into the core where the hydrophilic environment is able to entropically stabilize the contaminant. In aqueous phase benchtop tests, MSCKs have been shown to sequester ten times their mass of crude oil. This study explores the transport characteristics and contaminant sequestration capabilities of MSCKs in saturated porous media. Transport characteristics were determined via one dimensional impulse column experiments in columns containing a saturated sand or a saturated sand/clay mixture. Sequestration experiments were determined under identical conditions, with aqueous phase contaminant sequestration being done in ambient 8.66 mg/L m-xylene ([subscript aq]) and free phase contaminant sequestration being conducted in a column with roughly 5% of the pore space occupied by free phase mineral oil. The results of these column studies indicated that MSCKs readily transport through saturated sand with virtually no loss in recovery but that in the presence of clays, MSCK transport is retarded via irreversible attachment and/or aggregation and straining of MSCKs. The presence of hydrocarbons in either the aqueous phase or free phase also reduces the mobility of MSCKs and lowers recovery. Additionally, this study has revealed that MSCKs can remove m-xylene ([subscript aq]) to below the detection limit and well below the regulatory limits for residential groundwater. The sequestration of free phase mineral oil by MSCKs was significantly lower, with mineral oil recovery totaling between 3% and 10% of the total mass of MSCKs injected. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155650
Author: Fritz H. Frimmel
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540713395
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 294
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Book Description
This book covers the basics of abiotic colloid characterization, of biocolloids and biofilms, the resulting transport phenomena and their engineering aspects. The contributors comprise an international group of leading specialists devoted to colloidal sciences. The contributions include theoretical considerations, results from model experiments, and field studies. The information provided here will benefit students and scientists interested in the analytical, chemical, microbiological, geological and hydrological aspects of material transport in aquatic systems and soils.
Author: Cigdem Metin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 520
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Book Description
An aqueous nanoparticle dispersion is a complex fluid whose mobility in porous media is controlled by four key factors: the conditions necessary for the stability of nanoparticle dispersions, the kinetics of nanoparticle aggregation in an unstable suspension, the rheology of stable or unstable suspensions, and the interactions between the nanoparticles and oil/water interface and mineral surfaces. The challenges in controlling nanoparticle transport come from the variations of pH and ionic strength of brine, the presence of stationary and mobile phases (minerals, oil, water and gas), the geochemical complexity of reservoir rocks, and pore-network. The overall objective of this work is to achieve a better understanding of nanoparticle transport in porous media based on a systematic experimental and theoretical study of above factors. For this purpose, the critical conditions for the aqueous stability of nanoparticles are identified and fit by a theoretical model, which describes the interaction energy between silica nanoparticles. Above critical conditions nanoparticle aggregation becomes significant. A model for the aggregation kinetics is developed and validated by experiments. A mechanistic model for predicting the viscosity of stable and unstable silica nanoparticle dispersions over a wide range of solid volume fraction is developed. This model is based on the concept of effective maximum packing fraction. Adsorption experiments with silica nanoparticles onto quartz, calcite and clay surfaces and interfacial tension measurements provide insightful information on the interaction of the nanoparticles with minerals and decane/water interface. The extent of nanoparticle adsorption on mineral/water and decane/water interfaces is evaluated based on DLVO theory and Gibbs' equation. Visual observations and analytical methods are used to understand the interaction of nanoparticles with clay. The characterization of nanoparticle behavior in bulk phases is built into an understanding of nanoparticle transport in porous media. In particular, the rheology of nanoparticle dispersions flowing through permeable media is compared with those determined using a rheometer. In the presence of residual oil, the retention of silica nanoparticles at water/oil interface during steady flow is investigated. The results from batch experiments of nanoparticle adsorption are used to explain the flow behavior of these nanoparticles in a glass bead pack at residual oil saturation.
Author: Khaled Hadi
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203386043
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
Groundwater is a vital resource of water, in some regions of the world the only source of fresh water. Its use for domestic use and agriculture dates back thousands of years. In recent decades the over-exploitation and unabated use of this resource has lead to severe environmental problems such as resource depletion, land subsidence and groundwater
