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Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309132991
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 510
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Book Description
Every year workers' low-back, hand, and arm problems lead to time away from jobs and reduce the nation's economic productivity. The connection of these problems to workplace activities-from carrying boxes to lifting patients to pounding computer keyboards-is the subject of major disagreements among workers, employers, advocacy groups, and researchers. Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace examines the scientific basis for connecting musculoskeletal disorders with the workplace, considering people, job tasks, and work environments. A multidisciplinary panel draws conclusions about the likelihood of causal links and the effectiveness of various intervention strategies. The panel also offers recommendations for what actions can be considered on the basis of current information and for closing information gaps. This book presents the latest information on the prevalence, incidence, and costs of musculoskeletal disorders and identifies factors that influence injury reporting. It reviews the broad scope of evidence: epidemiological studies of physical and psychosocial variables, basic biology, biomechanics, and physical and behavioral responses to stress. Given the magnitude of the problem-approximately 1 million people miss some work each year-and the current trends in workplace practices, this volume will be a must for advocates for workplace health, policy makers, employers, employees, medical professionals, engineers, lawyers, and labor officials.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309132991
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 510
Get Book Here
Book Description
Every year workers' low-back, hand, and arm problems lead to time away from jobs and reduce the nation's economic productivity. The connection of these problems to workplace activities-from carrying boxes to lifting patients to pounding computer keyboards-is the subject of major disagreements among workers, employers, advocacy groups, and researchers. Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace examines the scientific basis for connecting musculoskeletal disorders with the workplace, considering people, job tasks, and work environments. A multidisciplinary panel draws conclusions about the likelihood of causal links and the effectiveness of various intervention strategies. The panel also offers recommendations for what actions can be considered on the basis of current information and for closing information gaps. This book presents the latest information on the prevalence, incidence, and costs of musculoskeletal disorders and identifies factors that influence injury reporting. It reviews the broad scope of evidence: epidemiological studies of physical and psychosocial variables, basic biology, biomechanics, and physical and behavioral responses to stress. Given the magnitude of the problem-approximately 1 million people miss some work each year-and the current trends in workplace practices, this volume will be a must for advocates for workplace health, policy makers, employers, employees, medical professionals, engineers, lawyers, and labor officials.
Author: Richard Graveling
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351721321
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 214
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Book Description
Whether you call them work-related upper limb disorders (WRULDs), cumulative trauma disorders (CTDS), or occupational overuse syndromes (OOSs), these conditions are a cause of pain, disability and suffering to workers worldwide. These designations often imply that their causes are related to work, but the supporting evidence can be unclear. Transparency is important, especially when it is necessary to form a connection with work factors to obtain treatment or compensation. This book addresses the dilemma. Written by a professional ergonomist with almost 40 years of experience in workplace ergonomics, this book combines a critical summary and assessment of the epidemiological literature with an exploration of the scientific and medical evidence for possible causal mechanisms to develop well-informed conclusions on causation of a number of common musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb and intervertebral disc injury. Although much of the book focuses on physical factors, the role of psychosocial factors is increasingly being recognized and an additional chapter reviews a number of the current theories relating to this important issue. Features Focuses on a clear and authoritative account of the evidence for the role of work in the causation of commonly occurring ULDs and disc injury Provides an up-to-date compilation of the scientific evidence, devoid of views based on assumptions or prejudice Presents a clear explanation of the most likely causal mechanisms for common ULDs and disc injuries Includes a summary of theories concerning the role played by psychosocial factors Outlines the statistical evidence in a clear and understandable manner Bridges the gap between the evidence-base in the scientific and medical research literature and the practitioner
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789294795946
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The review demonstrated that there is clear evidence that psychosocial risk factors play a causal role in the development of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in the workplace. They do not act in isolation but their effect combines with (and often exacerbates) the effects of physical risk factors. The associations between psychosocial and physical risk factors and MSDs identified in the research literature are many and varied; however, it is not possible to identify consistent patterns in those associations. Thus, although factors such as high workload or a lack of social support can be shown to contribute to the development of MSDs, it is not possible to relate these or other particular psychosocial risk factors to specific MSDs. There was no evidence to suggest that particular groups of workers were more susceptible to developing MSDs, although certain risks were more often encountered in specific sectors, placing those working in those sectors at greater risk from the influence of psychosocial factors. Importantly, the negative association between psychosocial factors and MSDs can work both ways. Such factors can materially contribute to the causation of MSDs, but having an MSD can exacerbate or accentuate the perception of some psychosocial factors. This is of particular potential importance in influencing the chronic nature of some MSDs; it can be an important potential barrier to successfully rehabilitating those workers with an MSD and bringing them back into the workforce. Furthermore, the effects of some psychosocial factors are not necessarily negative. Some factors can have a positive effect. For example, there is evidence that good job control can mitigate the otherwise negative effects of high job demands.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789294795953
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are the primary work-related health problem in the EU. The most recent publicly available data from the ad-hoc module on 'Accidents at work and other work-related health problems' (2013) of the European Union Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS) indicate that 60 % of all workers with a work-related health problem identified MSDs as their most serious issue, while 16 % pointed to stress, depression and anxiety (EU-OSHA, 2019). Recent trends in the labour market, in particular digitalisation, the increase in computer use and the reduction in physical labour, even in industry, have resulted in faster and more complex work, more repetition and more work in prolonged static positions and when adopting bad postures, for instance while working from home at an unadjusted workstation. These trends may be associated with an increase in mental health problems, such as stress and mental exhaustion, as well as physical health problems, including MSDs. This is the basis for the two main questions of this study: the first question is whether and how these two health concerns are linked and the second is what preventive strategies are implemented to tackle the problem of MSDs in workplaces across the EU.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309173248
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 239
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Book Description
Estimated costs associated with lost days and compensation claims related to musculoskeletal disorders-including back pains and repetitive motion injuries-range from $13 billion to $20 billion annually. This is a serious national problem that has spurred considerable debate about the causal links between such disorders and risk factors in the workplace. This book presents a preliminary assessment of what is known about the relationship between musculoskeletal disorders and what may cause them. It includes papers and a workshop summary of findings from orthopedic surgery, public health, occupational medicine, epidemiology, risk analysis, ergonomics, and human factors. Topics covered include the biological responses of tissues to stress, the biomechanics of work stressors, the epidemiology of physical work factors, and the contributions of individual, recreational, and social factors to such disorders. The book also considers the relative success of various workplace interventions for prevention and rehabilitation.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural laborers
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
Author: Orhan Korhan
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 178985234X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 84
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Book Description
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) refer to a wide range of inflammatory and degenerative conditions that occur in the workplace or are caused by work activities. WRMSDs affect the muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints, peripheral nerves, and supporting blood vessels. These conditions can cause pain and functional impairment and they often result in direct economic costs to both the workplace and the worker. Injuries sustained at work can negatively affect a person's physical and mental health as well as a company's bottom line. This book describes the human musculoskeletal system, including such topics as anthropometry and posture, as it relates to accidents and injuries in the workplace. Chapters discuss such subjects as job standards; risk assessment; direct and indirect costs of WRMSDs; epidemiology, etiology, and pathology of WRMSDs; engineering and administrative controls; risk factor identification; injury management; and education and training. It presents a holistic approach to identifying, intervening, and preventing WRMSDs.
Author: Steve Sauter
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 020397462X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 289
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Book Description
There is now widespread recognition that psychosocial factors play a key role in the aetiology, perpetuation, management and prevention of cumulative trauma disorders CTDs. This text addresses the strength, direction and importance of links between psychosocial factors and CTDs.; The book's contributors examine critically current research data, identify potential link mechanisms, and recommend measures for control and prevention. Topics covered include socio-organizational psychology, medical anthropology, occupational medicine, rehabilitation, orthopaedics, job stress and ergonomic interventions. The book aims to demystify the concept of the "psychosocial", so as to promote and assure effective prevention in the workplace.
Author: Gregg M. Stave
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118928601
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 612
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Book Description
Completely updated version this classic reference covers both physical hazards and biological agents Provides updated information on protecting workers from proven and possible health risks from manual material handling, extremes of temperature and pressure, ionizing and non-ionizing (magnetic fields) radiation, shiftwork, and more Details major changes in our understanding of biological hazards including Ebola, Chikungunya, Zika, HIV, Hepatitis C, Lyme disease, MERS-CoV, TB, and much more All infectious diseases have been updated from an occupational health perspective Includes practical guidance on to how to set up medical surveillance for hazards and suggests preventive measures that can be used to reduce occupational diseases
Author: Ute Bültmann
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783030243333
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This work presents a summary of research evidence on links between work, health and disability. Across two sections it summarizes updated knowledge on adverse effects of distinct occupational hazards, and it covers concerns with employment opportunities or restrictions. The handbook delivers an overview of material and psychosocial factors as occupational hazards on working people’s physical or mental health that may result in functional impairment and disability. This knowledge can be instrumental in strengthening efforts of professionals and other stakeholders to promote health-conducive working conditions and prevent work-related disability risks. It also covers concerns with employment opportunities or restrictions of persons with physical or mental health problems and disability. This field of interdisciplinary research has grown with a broad range of solid new findings that can have favorable impact on work disability prevention and the practice of medical and vocational rehabilitation. Prominent experts discuss this evidence for major manifestations of physical and mental health problems and disabilities. As a further innovative feature, this handbook integrates biomedical, psychological, and sociological knowledge on major aspects of the links between work, health and disability. It is therefore of interest to students and professionals in related disciplines, as well as for stakeholders involved in the prevention of work disability and rehabilitation into paid work. In times of an increasingly aging work force with elevated risks of reduced health and work functioning, this knowledge can contribute to turning the threats associated with disability into opportunities. This handbook supports the overall aim of enabling persons with (chronic) health problems and disability to participate in work and social life.
