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Author: Morgan Giers
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Contrast media (Diagnostic imaging)
Languages : en
Pages : 168
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Book Description
Controlled release formulations for local, in vivo drug delivery are of growing interest to device manufacturers, research scientists, and clinicians; however, most research characterizing controlled release formulations occurs in vitro because the spatial and temporal distribution of drug delivery is difficult to measure in vivo. In this work, in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of local drug delivery is performed to visualize and quantify the time resolved distribution of MRI contrast agents. I find it is possible to visualize contrast agent distributions in near real time from local delivery vehicles using MRI. Three dimensional T1 maps are processed to produce in vivo concentration maps of contrast agent for individual animal models. The method for obtaining concentration maps is analyzed to estimate errors introduced at various steps in the process. The method is used to evaluate different controlled release vehicles, vehicle placement, and type of surgical wound in rabbits as a model for antimicrobial delivery to orthopaedic infection sites. I are able to see differences between all these factors; however, all images show that contrast agent remains fairly local to the wound site and do not distribute to tissues far from the implant in therapeutic concentrations. I also produce a mathematical model that investigates important mechanisms in the transport of antimicrobials in a wound environment. It is determined from both the images and the mathematical model that antimicrobial distribution in an orthopaedic wounds is dependent on both diffusive and convective mechanisms. Furthermore, I began development of MRI visible therapeutic agents to examine active drug distributions. I hypothesize that this work can be developed into a non-invasive, patient specific, clinical tool to evaluate the success of interventional procedures using local drug delivery vehicles.
Author: Morgan Giers
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Contrast media (Diagnostic imaging)
Languages : en
Pages : 168
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Book Description
Controlled release formulations for local, in vivo drug delivery are of growing interest to device manufacturers, research scientists, and clinicians; however, most research characterizing controlled release formulations occurs in vitro because the spatial and temporal distribution of drug delivery is difficult to measure in vivo. In this work, in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of local drug delivery is performed to visualize and quantify the time resolved distribution of MRI contrast agents. I find it is possible to visualize contrast agent distributions in near real time from local delivery vehicles using MRI. Three dimensional T1 maps are processed to produce in vivo concentration maps of contrast agent for individual animal models. The method for obtaining concentration maps is analyzed to estimate errors introduced at various steps in the process. The method is used to evaluate different controlled release vehicles, vehicle placement, and type of surgical wound in rabbits as a model for antimicrobial delivery to orthopaedic infection sites. I are able to see differences between all these factors; however, all images show that contrast agent remains fairly local to the wound site and do not distribute to tissues far from the implant in therapeutic concentrations. I also produce a mathematical model that investigates important mechanisms in the transport of antimicrobials in a wound environment. It is determined from both the images and the mathematical model that antimicrobial distribution in an orthopaedic wounds is dependent on both diffusive and convective mechanisms. Furthermore, I began development of MRI visible therapeutic agents to examine active drug distributions. I hypothesize that this work can be developed into a non-invasive, patient specific, clinical tool to evaluate the success of interventional procedures using local drug delivery vehicles.
Author: Jean-Maurice Vergnaud
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420037854
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 245
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Book Description
Exploring how to apply in vitro/in vivo correlations for controlled release dosage forms, Bioavailability of Drug Delivery Systems: Mathematical Modeling clearly elucidates this complex phenomena and provides a guide for the respective mathematical modeling. The book introduces mathematical modeling methods for calculating the profiles of plasma le
Author: Lauren O'Donnell
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319111825
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
This book contains papers presented at the 2014 MICCAI Workshop on Computational Diffusion MRI, CDMRI’14. Detailing new computational methods applied to diffusion magnetic resonance imaging data, it offers readers a snapshot of the current state of the art and covers a wide range of topics from fundamental theoretical work on mathematical modeling to the development and evaluation of robust algorithms and applications in neuroscientific studies and clinical practice. Inside, readers will find information on brain network analysis, mathematical modeling for clinical applications, tissue microstructure imaging, super-resolution methods, signal reconstruction, visualization, and more. Contributions include both careful mathematical derivations and a large number of rich full-color visualizations. Computational techniques are key to the continued success and development of diffusion MRI and to its widespread transfer into the clinic. This volume will offer a valuable starting point for anyone interested in learning computational diffusion MRI. It also offers new perspectives and insights on current research challenges for those currently in the field. The book will be of interest to researchers and practitioners in computer science, MR physics, and applied mathematics.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Chun Li
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118356837
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 422
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Book Description
Cost-effective strategies for designing novel drug delivery systems that target a broad range of disease conditions In vivo imaging has become an important tool for the development of new drug delivery systems, shedding new light on the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, bioavailability, local concentration, and clearance of drug substances for the treatment of human disease, most notably cancer. Written by a team of international experts, this book examines the use of quantitative imaging techniques in designing and evaluating novel drug delivery systems and applications. Drug Delivery Applications of Noninvasive Imaging offers a full arsenal of tested and proven methods, practices and guidance, enabling readers to overcome the many challenges in creating successful new drug delivery systems. The book begins with an introduction to molecular imaging. Next, it covers: In vivo imaging techniques and quantitative analysis Imaging drugs and drug carriers at the site of action, including low-molecular weight radiopharmaceuticals, peptides and proteins, siRNA, cells, and nanoparticles Applications of imaging techniques in administration routes other than intravenous injection, such as pulmonary and oral delivery Translational research leading to clinical applications Imaging drug delivery in large animal models Clinical applications of imaging techniques to guide drug development and drug delivery Chapters are based on a thorough review of the current literature as well as the authors' firsthand experience working with imaging techniques for the development of novel drug delivery systems. Presenting state-of-the-technology applications of imaging in preclinical and clinical evaluation of drug delivery systems, Drug Delivery Applications of Noninvasive Imaging offers cost-effective strategies to pharmaceutical researchers and students for developing drug delivery systems that accurately target a broad range of disease conditions.
Author: Ashutosh Tiwari
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118644743
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 633
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Book Description
This comprehensive volume provides the reader valuable insight into the major areas of biomedical nanomaterials, advanced nanomedicine, nanotheragnostics, and cutting-edge nanoscaffolds. The ability to control the structure of materials allows scientists to accomplish what once appeared impossible before the advent of nanotechnology. It is now possible to generate nanoscopic self-assembled and self-destructive robots for effective utilization in therapeutics, diagnostics, and biomedical implants. Nanoscopic therapeutic systems incorporate therapeutic agents, molecular targeting, and diagnostic imaging capabilities and they have emerged as the next generation of multifarious nanomedicine to improve the therapeutic outcome including chemo and translational therapy. Nanomaterials in Drug Delivery, Imaging, and Tissue Engineering comprises fifteen chapters authored by senior scientists, and is one of the first books to cover nanotheragnostics, which is the new developmental edge of nanomedicine combining both diagnostic and therapeutic elements at the nano level. This large multidisciplinary reference work has four main parts: biomedical nanomaterials; advanced nanomedicine; nanotheragnostics; and nanoscaffolds technology. This groundbreaking volume also covers: Multifunctional polymeric nanostructures for therapy and diagnosis Metalla-assemblies acting as drug carriers Nanomaterials for management of lung disorders and drug delivery Responsive polymer-inorganic hybrid nanogels for optical sensing, imaging, and drug delivery Core/shell nanoparticles for drug delivery and diagnosis Theranostic nanoparticles for cancer imaging and therapy Magnetic nanoparticles in tissue regeneration Core-sheath fibers for regenerative medicine
Author: Bret Berner
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119772753
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 466
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Book Description
Explore this comprehensive discussion of the application of physiologically- and physicochemical-based models to guide drug delivery edited by leading experts in the field Drug Delivery Approaches: Perspectives from Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics delivers a thorough discussion of drug delivery options to achieve target profiles and approaches as defined by physical and pharmacokinetic models. The book offers an overview of drug absorption and physiological models, chapters on oral delivery routes with a focus on both PBPK and multiple dosage form options. It also provides an explanation of the pharmacokinetics of the formulation of drugs delivered by systemic transdermal routes. The distinguished editors have included practical and accessible resources that address the biological and delivery approaches to pulmonary and mucosal delivery of drugs. Emergency care settings are also described, with explorations of the relationship between parenteral infusion profiles and PK/PD. The future of drug delivery is addressed via discussions of virtual experiments to elucidate mechanisms and approaches to drug delivery and personalized medicine. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to the utility of mathematical models in drug development and delivery An exploration of the techniques and applications of physiologically based models to drug delivery Discussions of oral delivery and pharmacokinetic models and oral site-directed delivery A review of integrated transdermal delivery and pharmacokinetics in development An examination of virtual experiment methods for integrating pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and drug delivery mechanisms Alternative endpoints to pharmacokinetics for topical delivery Perfect for researchers, industrial scientists, graduate students, and postdoctoral students in the area of pharmaceutical science and engineering, Drug Delivery Approaches: Perspectives from Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics will also earn a place in the libraries of formulators, pharmacokineticists, and clinical pharmacologists.
Author: 東條角治
Publisher:
ISBN: 9784990110826
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 154
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Book Description
Author: Laurent Simon
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118947258
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
Provides solutions for two- and three-dimensional linear models of controlled-release systems Real-world applications are taken from used to help illustrate the methods in Cartesian, cylindrical and spherical coordinate systems Covers the modeling of drug-delivery systems and provides mathematical tools to evaluate and build controlled-release devices Includes classical and analytical techniques to solve boundary-value problems involving two- and three-dimensional partial differential equations Provides detailed examples, case studies and step-by-step analytical solutions to relevant problems using popular computational software
Author:
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780849330872
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 627
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Book Description
Demand for better reliability from drug delivery systems has caused designers and researchers to move away from trial-and-error approaches and toward model-based methods of product development. Developing such models requires cross-disciplinary physical, mathematical, and physiological knowledge. Combining these areas under a single cover, Understanding Drug Release and Absorption Mechanisms builds a firm understanding ofall elements needed to conceive, build, and implement successful models of drug release. Written by experts with broad industrial and academic experience, this book discusses the underlying physical principles, shows how to build mathematical models based on these principles, and finally compares the resulting models with experimental results. The authors begin by introducing the basics of modeling, physiological details of gastrointestinal and dermal absorption pathways, rheology, mass transport and thermodynamics, dissolution and partitioning, as well as size effects on the dissolution of crystallites. From this baseline, the authors explore applications in drug release from various delivery systems, specifically matrix systems, microemulsions, and permeability through membranes. Working systematically from theory to working models, Understanding Drug Release and Absorption Mechanisms: A Physical and Mathematical Approach demonstrates the steps involved in designing, building, and implementing realistic and reliable models of drug release without unrealistically simplifying the theoretical parameters.
