Computability and Complexity Theory

Computability and Complexity Theory PDF Author: Steven Homer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461406811
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 310

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Book Description
This revised and extensively expanded edition of Computability and Complexity Theory comprises essential materials that are core knowledge in the theory of computation. The book is self-contained, with a preliminary chapter describing key mathematical concepts and notations. Subsequent chapters move from the qualitative aspects of classical computability theory to the quantitative aspects of complexity theory. Dedicated chapters on undecidability, NP-completeness, and relative computability focus on the limitations of computability and the distinctions between feasible and intractable. Substantial new content in this edition includes: a chapter on nonuniformity studying Boolean circuits, advice classes and the important result of Karp─Lipton. a chapter studying properties of the fundamental probabilistic complexity classes a study of the alternating Turing machine and uniform circuit classes. an introduction of counting classes, proving the famous results of Valiant and Vazirani and of Toda a thorough treatment of the proof that IP is identical to PSPACE With its accessibility and well-devised organization, this text/reference is an excellent resource and guide for those looking to develop a solid grounding in the theory of computing. Beginning graduates, advanced undergraduates, and professionals involved in theoretical computer science, complexity theory, and computability will find the book an essential and practical learning tool. Topics and features: Concise, focused materials cover the most fundamental concepts and results in the field of modern complexity theory, including the theory of NP-completeness, NP-hardness, the polynomial hierarchy, and complete problems for other complexity classes Contains information that otherwise exists only in research literature and presents it in a unified, simplified manner Provides key mathematical background information, including sections on logic and number theory and algebra Supported by numerous exercises and supplementary problems for reinforcement and self-study purposes

Computability and Complexity Theory

Computability and Complexity Theory PDF Author: Steven Homer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461406811
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 310

Get Book Here

Book Description
This revised and extensively expanded edition of Computability and Complexity Theory comprises essential materials that are core knowledge in the theory of computation. The book is self-contained, with a preliminary chapter describing key mathematical concepts and notations. Subsequent chapters move from the qualitative aspects of classical computability theory to the quantitative aspects of complexity theory. Dedicated chapters on undecidability, NP-completeness, and relative computability focus on the limitations of computability and the distinctions between feasible and intractable. Substantial new content in this edition includes: a chapter on nonuniformity studying Boolean circuits, advice classes and the important result of Karp─Lipton. a chapter studying properties of the fundamental probabilistic complexity classes a study of the alternating Turing machine and uniform circuit classes. an introduction of counting classes, proving the famous results of Valiant and Vazirani and of Toda a thorough treatment of the proof that IP is identical to PSPACE With its accessibility and well-devised organization, this text/reference is an excellent resource and guide for those looking to develop a solid grounding in the theory of computing. Beginning graduates, advanced undergraduates, and professionals involved in theoretical computer science, complexity theory, and computability will find the book an essential and practical learning tool. Topics and features: Concise, focused materials cover the most fundamental concepts and results in the field of modern complexity theory, including the theory of NP-completeness, NP-hardness, the polynomial hierarchy, and complete problems for other complexity classes Contains information that otherwise exists only in research literature and presents it in a unified, simplified manner Provides key mathematical background information, including sections on logic and number theory and algebra Supported by numerous exercises and supplementary problems for reinforcement and self-study purposes

The Origins and Development of the English Language

The Origins and Development of the English Language PDF Author: Thomas Pyles
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description


Murder at the Margin

Murder at the Margin PDF Author: Marshall Jevons
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691259348
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 224

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Book Description
Professor and amateur sleuth Henry Spearman uses economics to try to solve a murder while on a Caribbean vacation Cinnamon Bay seems like the ideal Caribbean getaway. But for Harvard economist and amateur detective Henry Spearman it offers an unexpected and decidedly different diversion: murder. With the police at a loss, Spearman investigates on his own, following a rather different set of laws—those of economics. Theorizing and hypothesizing, Spearman sets himself on the killer’s trail as it winds from the perfect beaches and manicured lawns of a resort to the bustling old port of Charlotte Amalie to the perilous hiking trails of a dense forest. Can Spearman crack the case using economics—and before it’s too late?

Disproof of Bell's Theorem

Disproof of Bell's Theorem PDF Author: Joy Christian
Publisher: Universal-Publishers
ISBN: 1612337244
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 351

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Book Description
A remarkable concept known as "entanglement" in quantum physics requires an incredibly bizarre link between subatomic particles. When one such particle is observed, quantum entanglement demands the rest of them to be affected instantaneously, even if they are universes apart. Einstein called this "spooky actions at a distance," and argued that such bizarre predictions of quantum theory show that it is an incomplete theory of nature. In 1964, however, John Bell proposed a theorem which seemed to prove that such spooky actions at a distance are inevitable for any physical theory, not just quantum theory. Since then many experiments have confirmed these long-distance correlations. But now, in this groundbreaking collection of papers, the author exposes a fatal flaw in the logic and mathematics of Bell's theorem, thus undermining its main conclusion, and proves that---as suspected by Einstein all along---there are no spooky actions at a distance in nature. The observed long-distance correlations among subatomic particles are dictated by a garden-variety "common cause," encoded within the topological structure of our ordinary physical space itself.

Intuition Pumps and Other Tools for Thinking

Intuition Pumps and Other Tools for Thinking PDF Author: Daniel C. Dennett
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN: 0393348784
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 512

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Book Description
One of the world's leading philosophers offers aspiring thinkers his personal trove of mind-stretching thought experiments. Includes 77 of Dennett's most successful "imagination-extenders and focus-holders.O

Textual Metonymy

Textual Metonymy PDF Author: A. Al-Sharafi
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1403938903
Category : Literary Criticism
Languages : en
Pages : 238

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Book Description
Textual Metonymy employs a theoretical framework combining rhetoric, figurative theory and textlinguistics. In the process, a very full historical account of treatments of metonymy from classical traditions up to the present time is given and critiqued. The author proposes a semiotic approach to the treatment of metonymy, on the basis of which a textual model of metonymy as a process of representation is developed to account for text cohesion and text coherence.

Metonymy and Language

Metonymy and Language PDF Author: Charles Denroche
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317608968
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 219

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Book Description
Metonymy and Language presents a new theory of language and communication in which the central focus is on the concept of metonymy, the recognition of partial matches and overlaps. Through the use of original data sets and rigorous primary research, Denroche characterizes metonymy as key to understanding why language is so ‘fit for purpose’ and how it achieves such great subtlety and flexibility. This study develops the notion of ‘metonymic competence’ and demonstrates that metonymic behavior is often pursued for its own sake in recreational activities, such as quizzes, puzzles and play, and shows the possible impact of the application of metonymic processing theory to professional fields, such as language teaching and translator training. Furthermore, it proposes a research approach with metonymy at its center, ‘metonymics,’ which Denroche suggests could provide a powerful framework for addressing issues in numerous fields of practice in the arts and sciences.

The Origins of Complex Language

The Origins of Complex Language PDF Author: Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 9780198238218
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 276

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Book Description
Proposing a theory of the origins of human language ability and presenting an account of the early evolution of language, this text explains why humans are the only language-using animals and challenges the assumption that language is due to intelligence-- jacket cover.

A Dictionary of Language

A Dictionary of Language PDF Author: David Crystal
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 9780226122038
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 404

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Book Description
No ordinary dictionary, David Crystal's Dictionary of Language includes not only descriptions of hundreds of languages literally from A to Z (Abkhaz to Zyryan) and definitions of literary and grammatical concepts, but also explanations of terms used in linguistics, language teaching, and speech pathology. If you are wondering how many people speak Macedonian, Malay, or Makua, or if you're curious about various theories of the origins of language, or if you were always unsure of the difference between structuralism, semiotics, and sociolinguistics, this superbly authoritative dictionary will answer all of your questions and hundred of others.

Plants and Animals of the Dubbo Region

Plants and Animals of the Dubbo Region PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780646570099
Category : Animals
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description