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Author: Li Cheng
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 504
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Book Description
The traditional colloid filtration model has been recognized to not fully describe transport of microorganisms in porous media under many conditions. Potential reasons for the discrepancies between colloid filtration theories and observed data are summarized into three aspects in the dissertation, including physicochemical heterogeneity, a blocking effect in the attachment process, and irreversible straining. A new transport model is developed to incorporate these non-ideal phenomena. First, both the collision-efficiency coefficient and the detachment-rate coefficient are formulated as probability density functions with log-normal distributions to represent physicochemical heterogeneity of both microbial and porous-medium grain surfaces. Second, the blocking effect is represented by appending a modified random sequential adsorption (RSA) function to the kinetic rate equation. Third, a semi-empirical equation is developed to describe the straining effect. The new model is then evaluated with a series of sensitivity analyses and illustrative applications to measured data. Sensitivity analysis on the role of probability density function (PDF) in collision efficiency and detachment rate coefficient shows that heterogeneity causes longer tailing in breakthrough curves, This effect is controlled by the implementation of the PDF in the detachment rate coefficient because the lower values among a series of detachment rate coefficients delay detachment. Straining phenonmena have received more and more attentions for protozoa transport. The new semi-empirical straining equation derived in the dissertation provides reasonable matches to the colloid data and cryptosporidium data. The Blocking effect is another process of concern for microbial transport, as shown in the analysis of microsporidium column experiments herein. The new model also proved to be successful for simulating MS-2 virus transport. The work presented will help enhance our understanding of biocolloid transport in porous media.
Author: Li Cheng
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 504
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Book Description
The traditional colloid filtration model has been recognized to not fully describe transport of microorganisms in porous media under many conditions. Potential reasons for the discrepancies between colloid filtration theories and observed data are summarized into three aspects in the dissertation, including physicochemical heterogeneity, a blocking effect in the attachment process, and irreversible straining. A new transport model is developed to incorporate these non-ideal phenomena. First, both the collision-efficiency coefficient and the detachment-rate coefficient are formulated as probability density functions with log-normal distributions to represent physicochemical heterogeneity of both microbial and porous-medium grain surfaces. Second, the blocking effect is represented by appending a modified random sequential adsorption (RSA) function to the kinetic rate equation. Third, a semi-empirical equation is developed to describe the straining effect. The new model is then evaluated with a series of sensitivity analyses and illustrative applications to measured data. Sensitivity analysis on the role of probability density function (PDF) in collision efficiency and detachment rate coefficient shows that heterogeneity causes longer tailing in breakthrough curves, This effect is controlled by the implementation of the PDF in the detachment rate coefficient because the lower values among a series of detachment rate coefficients delay detachment. Straining phenonmena have received more and more attentions for protozoa transport. The new semi-empirical straining equation derived in the dissertation provides reasonable matches to the colloid data and cryptosporidium data. The Blocking effect is another process of concern for microbial transport, as shown in the analysis of microsporidium column experiments herein. The new model also proved to be successful for simulating MS-2 virus transport. The work presented will help enhance our understanding of biocolloid transport in porous media.
Author: Malay K. Das
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319698664
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
This book is an ensemble of six major chapters, an introduction, and a closure on modeling transport phenomena in porous media with applications. Two of the six chapters explain the underlying theories, whereas the rest focus on new applications. Porous media transport is essentially a multi-scale process. Accordingly, the related theory described in the second and third chapters covers both continuum‐ and meso‐scale phenomena. Examining the continuum formulation imparts rigor to the empirical porous media models, while the mesoscopic model focuses on the physical processes within the pores. Porous media models are discussed in the context of a few important engineering applications. These include biomedical problems, gas hydrate reservoirs, regenerators, and fuel cells. The discussion reveals the strengths and weaknesses of existing models as well as future research directions.
Author: Jacob Bear
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401136289
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 807
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Book Description
This volume contains the invited lectures presented during the NATO/ASI conducted in Pullman, Washington, July 9-18, 1989. This is the third in a series of NATO/ASIs on transport phenomena in porous media. The first two, which took place at Newark, Delaware in 1982 and 1985, are devoted to various topics related to the Fundamentals of Transport Processes in Porous Media. The contents of the books resulting from previous NATO/ASIs are given at the end of this book. Transport of extensive quantities such as mass of a fluid phase, mass of chemical species carried by a fluid phase, energy and electric charge in porous media, as encountered in a large variety of engineering disciplines, is an emerging interdisciplinary field. The groundwater flow, the simultaneous flow of gas, oil and water in petroleum reservoirs, the movement and accumulation of pollutants in the saturated and unsaturated subsurface zones, thermal energy storage in reservoirs, land subsidence in response to charges in overburden loads, or to pumping of fluids from underground formations, wave propagation in seismic investigations or as produced by earthquakes, chemical reactors, water flow through sand filters and the movement of fluids through kidneys, may serve as examples of fields in which the theory of transport in porous media is employed.
Author: Frank A. Coutelieris
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642279090
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 243
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Book Description
The subject of this book is to study the porous media and the transport processes occur there. As a first step, the authors discuss several techniques for artificial representation of porous. Afterwards, they describe the single and multi phase flows in simplistic and complex porous structures in terms of macroscopic and microscopic equations as well as of their analytical and numerical solutions. Furthermore, macroscopic quantities such as permeability are introduced and reviewed. The book also discusses with mass transport processes in the porous media which are further strengthen by experimental validation and specific technological applications. This book makes use of state-of-the-art techniques for the modeling of transport processes in porous structures, and considers of realistic sorption mechanisms. It the applies advanced mathematical techniques for upscaling of the major quantities, and presents the experimental investigation and application, namely, experimental methods for the measurement of relevant transport properties. The main benefit of the book is that it discusses all the topics related to transport in porous media (including state-of-the-art applications) and presents some of the most important theoretical, numerical and experimental developments in porous media domain, providing a self-contained major reference that is appealing to both the scientists and the engineers. At the same time, these topics encounter a variety of scientific and engineering disciplines, such as chemical, civil, agricultural, mechanical engineering. The book is divided in several chapters that intend to be a resume of the current state of knowledge for benefit of related professionals and scientists.
Author: Sid M. Becker
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 9780128045954
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Modeling of Microscale Transport in Biological Processes provides a compendium of recent advances in theoretical and computational modeling of biotransport phenomena at the microscale. The simulation strategies presented range from molecular to continuum models and consider both numerical and exact solution method approaches to coupled systems of equations. The biological processes covered in this book include digestion, molecular transport, microbial swimming, cilia mediated flow, microscale heat transfer, micro-vascular flow, vesicle dynamics, transport through bio-films and bio-membranes, and microscale growth dynamics. The book is written for an advanced academic research audience in the fields of engineering (encompassing biomedical, chemical, biological, mechanical, and electrical), biology and mathematics. Although written for, and by, expert researchers, each chapter provides a strong introductory section to ensure accessibility to readers at all levels.
Author: M.Y. Corapcioglu
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080526799
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 455
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Book Description
Advances in Porous Media, Volume 3 presents in-depth review papers that give a comprehensive coverage of the field of transport in porous media. This is the third volume in the series which treats transport phenomena in porous media as an interdisciplinary topic. The objective of each chapter is to review the work done on a specific topic including theoretical, numerical as well as experimental studies. All contributors are from a variety of backgrounds, such as civil and environmental engineering, earth and environmental sciences. The articles are aimed at scientists and engineers from various fields who are concerned with the fundamentals and applications of processes in porous media. Advances in Porous Media, Volume 3 is a valuable source of information for both researchers in the field and those working in other related disciplines.
Author: Jacob Bear
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0792305574
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 583
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Book Description
The main purpose of this book is to provide the theoretical background to engineers and scientists engaged in modeling transport phenomena in porous media, in connection with various engineering projects, and to serve as a text for senior and graduate courses on transport phenomena in porous media. Such courses are taught in various disciplines, e. g. , civil engineering, chemical engineering, reservoir engineering, agricultural engineering and soil science. In these disciplines, problems are encountered in which various extensive quantities, e. g. , mass and heat, are transported through a porous material domain. Often the porous material contains several fluid phases, and the various extensive quantities are transported simultaneously throughout the multiphase system. In all these disciplines, management decisions related to a system's development and its operation have to be made. To do so, the 'manager', or the planner, needs a tool that will enable him to forecast the response of the system to the implementation of proposed management schemes. This forecast takes the form of spatial and temporal distributions of variables that describe the future state of the considered system. Pressure, stress, strain, density, velocity, solute concentration, temperature, etc. , for each phase in the system, and sometime for a component of a phase, may serve as examples of state variables. The tool that enables the required predictions is the model. A model may be defined as a simplified version of the real (porous medium) system that approximately simulates the excitation-response relations of the latter.
Author: Ajit Haridas
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Porous materials
Languages : en
Pages : 358
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Book Description
Author: Jacob Bear
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400961758
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 988
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Book Description
This volume contains the lectures presented at the NATO Advanced Study Institute that took place at the University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, July 18-27, 1982. The purpose of this Institute was to provide an international forum for exchange of ideas and dissemination of knowledge on some selected topics in Mechanics of Fluids in Porous Media. Processes of transport of such extensive quantities as mass of a phase, mass of a component of a phase, momentum and/or heat occur in diversified fields, such as petroleum reservoir engineer ing, groundwater hydraulics, soil mechanics, industrial filtration, water purification, wastewater treatment, soil drainage and irri gation, and geothermal energy production. In all these areas, scientists, engineers and planners make use of mathematical models that describe the relevant transport processes that occur within porous medium domains, and enable the forecasting of the future state of the latter in response to planned activities. The mathe matical models, in turn, are based on the understanding of phenomena, often within the void space, and on theories that re late these phenomena to measurable quantities. Because of the pressing needs in areas of practical interest, such as the develop ment of groundwater resources, the control and abatement of groundwater contamination, underground energy storage and geo thermal energy production, a vast amount of research efforts in all these fields has contributed, especially in the last t~o decades, to our understanding and ability to describe transport phenomena.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hydrology
Languages : en
Pages : 756
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Book Description
