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Author: Peng Jia
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 71
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Book Description
The demand for small-scale population data is increasing in a variety of fields. Spatial techniques including Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) have been more often used for the population study in recent years, which makes it possible to conduct the dasymetric mapping, a vital technique transforming a traditional choropleth map into a continuous statistical surface with values at all locations rather than solely aggregated values over the existing units. In this study, I adopted the Heuristic Sampling Method and detailed property types of parcels from the Department Property Tax Data Files in 2010 as ancillary data, to disaggregate the population counts from U.S. Census 2010 onto a quad rilateral grid composed of 30m\U+00d7\30m cells covering the Alachua County, Florida, named High-resolution Gridded Population Surface (HGPS) . At last, the HGPS has been applied to two case studies. The first one is to estimate the numbers of potential passengers within the service areas of bus routes in Gainesville, Alachua County. The second one is to estimate the numbers of population potentially exposed to the contamination at Cabot-Koppers Superfund Site in Gainesville. By comparing the results from HGPS and traditional population grids 11 produced by areal weighting method (AWM), with the actual numbers from relevant records, the HGPS was proven to be more reasonable and valuable. HGPS is an important step forward towards solving the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP) and expected to serve as a more accurate denominator in various research fields, such as public health, crime analysis and so on.
Author: Peng Jia
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 71
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Book Description
The demand for small-scale population data is increasing in a variety of fields. Spatial techniques including Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) have been more often used for the population study in recent years, which makes it possible to conduct the dasymetric mapping, a vital technique transforming a traditional choropleth map into a continuous statistical surface with values at all locations rather than solely aggregated values over the existing units. In this study, I adopted the Heuristic Sampling Method and detailed property types of parcels from the Department Property Tax Data Files in 2010 as ancillary data, to disaggregate the population counts from U.S. Census 2010 onto a quad rilateral grid composed of 30m\U+00d7\30m cells covering the Alachua County, Florida, named High-resolution Gridded Population Surface (HGPS) . At last, the HGPS has been applied to two case studies. The first one is to estimate the numbers of potential passengers within the service areas of bus routes in Gainesville, Alachua County. The second one is to estimate the numbers of population potentially exposed to the contamination at Cabot-Koppers Superfund Site in Gainesville. By comparing the results from HGPS and traditional population grids 11 produced by areal weighting method (AWM), with the actual numbers from relevant records, the HGPS was proven to be more reasonable and valuable. HGPS is an important step forward towards solving the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP) and expected to serve as a more accurate denominator in various research fields, such as public health, crime analysis and so on.
Author: Peng Jia
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783659295980
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Daniel A. Griffith
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319227866
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 436
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Book Description
This book contains refereed papers from the 13th International Conference on GeoComputation held at the University of Texas, Dallas, May 20-23, 2015. Since 1996, the members of the GeoComputation (the art and science of solving complex spatial problems with computers) community have joined together to develop a series of conferences in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Australia, Ireland and the United States of America. The conference encourages diverse topics related to novel methodologies and technologies to enrich the future development of GeoComputation research.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309314852
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
The growing problem of changing environmental conditions caused by climate destabilization is well recognized as one of the defining issues of our time. The root problem is greenhouse gas emissions, and the fundamental solution is curbing those emissions. Climate geoengineering has often been considered to be a "last-ditch" response to climate change, to be used only if climate change damage should produce extreme hardship. Although the likelihood of eventually needing to resort to these efforts grows with every year of inaction on emissions control, there is a lack of information on these ways of potentially intervening in the climate system. As one of a two-book report, this volume of Climate Intervention discusses albedo modification - changing the fraction of incoming solar radiation that reaches the surface. This approach would deliberately modify the energy budget of Earth to produce a cooling designed to compensate for some of the effects of warming associated with greenhouse gas increases. The prospect of large-scale albedo modification raises political and governance issues at national and global levels, as well as ethical concerns. Climate Intervention: Reflecting Sunlight to Cool Earth discusses some of the social, political, and legal issues surrounding these proposed techniques. It is far easier to modify Earth's albedo than to determine whether it should be done or what the consequences might be of such an action. One serious concern is that such an action could be unilaterally undertaken by a small nation or smaller entity for its own benefit without international sanction and regardless of international consequences. Transparency in discussing this subject is critical. In the spirit of that transparency, Climate Intervention: Reflecting Sunlight to Cool Earth was based on peer-reviewed literature and the judgments of the authoring committee; no new research was done as part of this study and all data and information used are from entirely open sources. By helping to bring light to this topic area, this book will help leaders to be far more knowledgeable about the consequences of albedo modification approaches before they face a decision whether or not to use them.
Author: Pierre Goovaerts
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 9780195115383
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 502
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Book Description
This text provides an advanced introduction to the theory and applications of geostatistics, including tools for description, modeling spatial continuity, spatial prediction, assessment of local uncertainty, and stochastic simulation.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309064082
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 267
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Book Description
Space-based sensors are giving us an ever-closer and more comprehensive look at the earth's surface; they also have the potential to tell us about human activity. This volume examines the possibilities for using remote sensing technology to improve understanding of social processes and human-environment interactions. Examples include deforestation and regrowth in Brazil, population-environment interactions in Thailand, ancient and modern rural development in Guatemala, and urbanization in the United States, as well as early warnings of famine and disease outbreaks. The book also provides information on current sources of remotely sensed data and metadata and discusses what is involved in establishing effective collaborative efforts between scientists working with remote sensing technology and those working on social and environmental issues.
Author: David Fletcher
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3662585413
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 107
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Book Description
This book provides a concise and accessible overview of model averaging, with a focus on applications. Model averaging is a common means of allowing for model uncertainty when analysing data, and has been used in a wide range of application areas, such as ecology, econometrics, meteorology and pharmacology. The book presents an overview of the methods developed in this area, illustrating many of them with examples from the life sciences involving real-world data. It also includes an extensive list of references and suggestions for further research. Further, it clearly demonstrates the links between the methods developed in statistics, econometrics and machine learning, as well as the connection between the Bayesian and frequentist approaches to model averaging. The book appeals to statisticians and scientists interested in what methods are available, how they differ and what is known about their properties. It is assumed that readers are familiar with the basic concepts of statistical theory and modelling, including probability, likelihood and generalized linear models.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 1828
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Book Description
Author: David Poeppel
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461423139
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 404
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Book Description
We live in a complex and dynamically changing acoustic environment. To this end, the auditory cortex of humans has developed the ability to process a remarkable amount of diverse acoustic information with apparent ease. In fact, a phylogenetic comparison of auditory systems reveals that human auditory association cortex in particular has undergone extensive changes relative to that of other species, although our knowledge of this remains incomplete. In contrast to other senses, human auditory cortex receives input that is highly pre-processed in a number of sub-cortical structures; this suggests that even primary auditory cortex already performs quite complex analyses. At the same time, much of the functional role of the various sub-areas in human auditory cortex is still relatively unknown, and a more sophisticated understanding is only now emerging through the use of contemporary electrophysiological and neuroimaging techniques. The integration of results across the various techniques signify a new era in our knowledge of how human auditory cortex forms basis for auditory experience. This volume on human auditory cortex will have two major parts. In Part A, the principal methodologies currently used to investigate human auditory cortex will be discussed. Each chapter will first outline how the methodology is used in auditory neuroscience, highlighting the challenges of obtaining data from human auditory cortex; second, each methods chapter will provide two or (at most) three brief examples of how it has been used to generate a major result about auditory processing. In Part B, the central questions for auditory processing in human auditory cortex are covered. Each chapter can draw on all the methods introduced in Part A but will focus on a major computational challenge the system has to solve. This volume will constitute an important contemporary reference work on human auditory cortex. Arguably, this will be the first and most focused book on this critical neurological structure. The combination of different methodological and experimental approaches as well as a diverse range of aspects of human auditory perception ensures that this volume will inspire novel insights and spurn future research.
Author: J. W. Grubbs
Publisher: Geological Survey (USGS)
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 98
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Book Description
