Mobility and Degradation of Organic Contaminants in Subsurface Environments PDF Download
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Author: Warren J. Lyman
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 100015811X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
This book identifies the most important "rules" governing transport, partitioning, retention and transformation of leaked motor fuels in the underground environment. It examines micro-scale fate and transport processes as a means toward promoting a better understanding of larger scale movement of contaminants. Environmental scientists, engineers, consultants, and managers will find Mobility and Degradation of Organic Contaminants in Subsurface Environments to be a useful technical handbook. Less experienced users will appreciate its in-depth explanations of the fate and transport processes vital to effective remedial response. More experienced users will use the book as a source of information, data and equations to support quantitative assessments of pollutant fate and transport.
Author: Warren J. Lyman
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 100015811X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
This book identifies the most important "rules" governing transport, partitioning, retention and transformation of leaked motor fuels in the underground environment. It examines micro-scale fate and transport processes as a means toward promoting a better understanding of larger scale movement of contaminants. Environmental scientists, engineers, consultants, and managers will find Mobility and Degradation of Organic Contaminants in Subsurface Environments to be a useful technical handbook. Less experienced users will appreciate its in-depth explanations of the fate and transport processes vital to effective remedial response. More experienced users will use the book as a source of information, data and equations to support quantitative assessments of pollutant fate and transport.
Author: Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309069327
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 289
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Book Description
In the past decade, officials responsible for clean-up of contaminated groundwater have increasingly turned to natural attenuation-essentially allowing naturally occurring processes to reduce the toxic potential of contaminants-versus engineered solutions. This saves both money and headaches. To the people in surrounding communities, though, it can appear that clean-up officials are simply walking away from contaminated sites. When is natural attenuation the appropriate approach to a clean-up? This book presents the consensus of a diverse committee, informed by the views of researchers, regulators, and community activists. The committee reviews the likely effectiveness of natural attenuation with different classes of contaminants-and describes how to evaluate the "footprints" of natural attenuation at a site to determine whether natural processes will provide adequate clean-up. Included are recommendations for regulatory change. The committee emphasizes the importance of the public's belief and attitudes toward remediation and provides guidance on involving community stakeholders throughout the clean-up process. The book explores how contamination occurs, explaining concepts and terms, and includes case studies from the Hanford nuclear site, military bases, as well as other sites. It provides historical background and important data on clean-up processes and goes on to offer critical reviews of 14 published protocols for evaluating natural attenuation.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309086256
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 433
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Book Description
Bioavailability refers to the extent to which humans and ecological receptors are exposed to contaminants in soil or sediment. The concept of bioavailability has recently piqued the interest of the hazardous waste industry as an important consideration in deciding how much waste to clean up. The rationale is that if contaminants in soil and sediment are not bioavailable, then more contaminant mass can be left in place without creating additional risk. A new NRC report notes that the potential for the consideration of bioavailability to influence decision-making is greatest where certain chemical, environmental, and regulatory factors align. The current use of bioavailability in risk assessment and hazardous waste cleanup regulations is demystified, and acceptable tools and models for bioavailability assessment are discussed and ranked according to seven criteria. Finally, the intimate link between bioavailability and bioremediation is explored. The report concludes with suggestions for moving bioavailability forward in the regulatory arena for both soil and sediment cleanup.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309049946
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 334
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Book Description
There may be nearly 300,000 waste sites in the United States where ground water and soil are contaminated. Yet recent studies question whether existing technologies can restore contaminated ground water to drinking water standards, which is the goal for most sites and the result expected by the public. How can the nation balance public health, technological realities, and cost when addressing ground water cleanup? This new volume offers specific conclusions, outlines research needs, and recommends policies that are technologically sound while still protecting health and the environment. Authored by the top experts from industry and academia, this volume: Examines how the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the subsurface environment, as well as the properties of contaminants, complicate the cleanup task. Reviews the limitations of widely used conventional pump-and-treat cleanup systems, including detailed case studies. Evaluates a range of innovative cleanup technologies and the barriers to their full implementation. Presents specific recommendations for policies and practices in evaluating contamination sites, in choosing remediation technologies, and in setting appropriate cleanup goals.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309065496
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 301
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Book Description
This book presents a comprehensive, up-to-date review of technologies for cleaning up contaminants in groundwater and soil. It provides a special focus on three classes of contaminants that have proven very difficult to treat once released to the subsurface: metals, radionuclides, and dense nonaqueous-phase liquids such as chlorinated solvents. Groundwater and Soil Cleanup was commissioned by the Department of Energy (DOE) as part of its program to clean up contamination in the nuclear weapons production complex. In addition to a review of remediation technologies, the book describes new trends in regulation of contaminated sites and assesses DOE's program for developing new subsurface cleanup technologies.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030909447X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 371
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Book Description
At hundreds of thousands of commercial, industrial, and military sites across the country, subsurface materials including groundwater are contaminated with chemical waste. The last decade has seen growing interest in using aggressive source remediation technologies to remove contaminants from the subsurface, but there is limited understanding of (1) the effectiveness of these technologies and (2) the overall effect of mass removal on groundwater quality. This report reviews the suite of technologies available for source remediation and their ability to reach a variety of cleanup goals, from meeting regulatory standards for groundwater to reducing costs. The report proposes elements of a protocol for accomplishing source remediation that should enable project managers to decide whether and how to pursue source remediation at their sites.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309048966
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 225
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Book Description
In situ bioremediationâ€"the use of microorganisms for on-site removal of contaminantsâ€"is potentially cheaper, faster, and safer than conventional cleanup methods. But in situ bioremediation is also clouded in uncertainty, controversy, and mistrust. This volume from the National Research Council provides direction for decisionmakers and offers detailed and readable explanations of: the processes involved in in situ bioremediation, circumstances in which it is best used, and methods of measurement, field testing, and modeling to evaluate the results of bioremediation projects. Bioremediation experts representing academic research, field practice, regulation, and industry provide accessible information and case examples; they explore how in situ bioremediation works, how it has developed since its first commercial use in 1972, and what research and education efforts are recommended for the future. The volume includes a series of perspective papers. The book will be immediately useful to policymakers, regulators, bioremediation practitioners and purchasers, environmental groups, concerned citizens, faculty, and students.
Author: Krishna R. Reddy
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470523646
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 756
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Book Description
An unmatched reference on electrochemical technologies for soil, sediment, and groundwater pollution remediation Electrochemical technologies are emerging as important approaches for effective and efficient pollution remediation, both on their own and in concert with other remediation techniques. Electrochemical Remediation Technologies for Polluted Soils, Sediments and Groundwater provides a systematic and clear explanation of fundamentals, field applications, as well as opportunities and challenges in developing and implementing electrochemical remediation technologies. Written by leading authorities in their various areas, the text summarizes the latest research and offers case studies that illustrate equipment, installation, and methods employed in real-world remediations. Divided into nine sections, the coverage includes: Introduction and fundamental principles Remediation of heavy metals and other inorganic pollutants Remediation of organic pollutants Remediation of mixed contaminants Electrokinetic barriers Integrated (coupled) technologies Mathematical modeling Economic and regulatory considerations Field applications and performance assessment Unique as a comprehensive reference on the subject, Electrochemical Remediation Technologies for Polluted Soils, Sediments and Groundwater will serve as a valuable resource to all environmental engineers, scientists, regulators, and policymakers.
Author: Neven Kresic
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780849333484
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 836
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Book Description
Coupling the basics of hygrogeology with analytical and numerical modeling methods, Hydrogeology and Groundwater Modeling, Second Edition provides detailed coverage of both theory and practice. Written by a leading hydrogeologist who has consulted for industry and environmental agencies and taught at major universities around the world, this unique book fills a gap in the groundwater hydrogeology literature. With more than 40 real-world examples, the book is a source for clear, easy-to-understand, and step-by-step quantitative groundwater evaluation and contaminant fate and transport analysis, from basic laboratory determination to complex analytical calculations and computer modeling. It provides more than 400 drawings, graphs, and photographs, and a variety of useful tables of all key groundwater parameters, as well as lucid, straightforward answers to common hydrogeological problems. Reflecting nearly ten years of new scholarship since the publication of the bestselling first edition, this second edition is wider in focus with added and updated examples, figures, and problems, yet still provides information in the author's trademark, user-friendly style. No other book offers such carefully selected examples and clear, elegantly explained solutions. The inclusion of step-by-step solutions to real problems builds a knowledge base for understanding and solving groundwater issues.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Groundwater
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
