Microstructural and Kinetic Effects on the Behavior of Energetic Materials PDF Download
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Languages : en
Pages :
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Languages : en
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Author: M. Nastasi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401117659
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 616
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Book Description
In an attempt to meet the demand for new ultra-high strength materials, the processing of novel material configurations with unique microstructure is being explored in systems which are further and further from equilibrium. One such class of emerging materials is the so-called nanophased or nanostructured materials. This class of materials includes metals and alloys, ceramics, and polymers characterized by controlled ultra-fine microstructural features in the form oflayered, fibrous, or phase and grain distribution. While it is clear that these materials are in an early stage of development, there is now a sufficient body of literature to fuel discussion of how the mechanical properties and deformation behavior can be controlled through control of the microstructure. This NATO-Advanced Study Institute was convened in order to assess our current state of knowledge in the field of mechanical properties and deformation behavior in materials with ultra fine microstructure, to identify opportunities and needs for further research, and to identify the potential for technological applications. The Institute was the first international scientific meeting devoted to a discussion on the mechanical properties and deformation behavior of materials having grain sizes down to a few nanometers. Included in these discussions were the topics of superplasticity, tribology, and the supermodulus effect. Lectures were also presented which covered a variety of other themes including synthesis, characterization, thermodynamic stability, and general physical properties.
Author:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1422345599
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 196
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 5
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Mechanical initiation of chemical reactions in energetic materials depends on microstructural details of the materials. Several models are described in the literature that are appropriate for a continuum, such as energy dissipation from plastic flow, or shear bands. A technique is presented here for developing initiation models using relations between macroscopic variables and conditions at inter-grain contact areas in a granular material. The chemical processes that lead to initiation are included by using a 2-D numerical heat transfer model of energy flux on a surface spot of a half-space medium with multiple species chemical reactions. A number of calculations are done and the time to ignition at a given fluence is obtained as a function of spot size. Then simple kinematic relations between macroscopic stresses and the inter-grain contact forces are developed and the shearing velocity at the contact region is related to the macroscopic shear strain rate. Combining these relations leads to an ignition criterion in terms of macroscopic pressure, shear-strain rate and time. Even though very simple approximations for most relations are used, the overall result is similar to commonly used detonation initiation criterion. Experiments to define the constants in the model are under development and will be described.
Author: John C. Mauro
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128242167
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 554
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Book Description
Materials Kinetics: Transport and Rate Phenomena provides readers with a clear understanding of how physical-chemical principles are applied to fundamental kinetic processes. The book integrates advanced concepts with foundational knowledge and cutting-edge computational approaches, demonstrating how diffusion, morphological evolution, viscosity, relaxation and other kinetic phenomena can be applied to practical materials design problems across all classes of materials. The book starts with an overview of thermodynamics, discussing equilibrium, entropy, and irreversible processes. Subsequent chapters focus on analytical and numerical solutions of the diffusion equation, covering Fick’s laws, multicomponent diffusion, numerical solutions, atomic models, and diffusion in crystals, polymers, glasses, and polycrystalline materials. Dislocation and interfacial motion, kinetics of phase separation, viscosity, and advanced nucleation theories are examined next, followed by detailed analyses of glass transition and relaxation behavior. The book concludes with a series of chapters covering molecular dynamics, energy landscapes, broken ergodicity, chemical reaction kinetics, thermal and electrical conductivities, Monte Carlo simulation techniques, and master equations. Covers the full breadth of materials kinetics, including organic and inorganic materials, solids and liquids, theory and experiments, macroscopic and microscopic interpretations, and analytical and computational approaches Demonstrates how diffusion, viscosity microstructural evolution, relaxation, and other kinetic phenomena can be leveraged in the practical design of new materials Provides a seamless connection between thermodynamics and kinetics Includes practical exercises that reinforce key concepts at the end of each chapter
Author: The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS)
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319487655
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 899
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Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 526
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Author:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 142234567X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 279
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Author: Robert W. Balluffi
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471749303
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 672
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Book Description
A classroom-tested textbook providing a fundamental understandingof basic kinetic processes in materials This textbook, reflecting the hands-on teaching experience of itsthree authors, evolved from Massachusetts Institute of Technology'sfirst-year graduate curriculum in the Department of MaterialsScience and Engineering. It discusses key topics collectivelyrepresenting the basic kinetic processes that cause changes in thesize, shape, composition, and atomistic structure of materials.Readers gain a deeper understanding of these kinetic processes andof the properties and applications of materials. Topics are introduced in a logical order, enabling students todevelop a solid foundation before advancing to more sophisticatedtopics. Kinetics of Materials begins with diffusion, offering adescription of the elementary manner in which atoms and moleculesmove around in solids and liquids. Next, the more complex motion ofdislocations and interfaces is addressed. Finally, still morecomplex kinetic phenomena, such as morphological evolution andphase transformations, are treated. Throughout the textbook, readers are instilled with an appreciationof the subject's analytic foundations and, in many cases, theapproximations commonly used in the field. The authors offer manyextensive derivations of important results to help illuminate theirorigins. While the principal focus is on kinetic phenomena incrystalline materials, select phenomena in noncrystalline materialsare also discussed. In many cases, the principles involved apply toall materials. Exercises with accompanying solutions are provided throughoutKinetics of Materials, enabling readers to put their newfoundknowledge into practice. In addition, bibliographies are offeredwith each chapter, helping readers to investigate specializedtopics in greater detail. Several appendices presenting importantbackground material are also included. With its unique range of topics, progressive structure, andextensive exercises, this classroom-tested textbook provides anenriching learning experience for first-year graduate students.
Author: Joseph A. Pask
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461319331
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 980
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Book Description
The Proceedings of the International Materials Symposium on Ceramic Microstructures '86: Role of Interfaces presents a comprehensive coverage of the past decade's advances in ceramic science and technology related to microstructures. The term microstructure is used in the broad sense and is synonymous with char~cter. Character is defined as a complete detailed description of chemical and physical characteristics of a material. This symposium is the third in a series, held every ten years, on ceramic microstructures. The first symposium, in 1966, had as a subtitle "Their Analysis, Significance and Production" and emphasized the need and importance of characterization in order to fully understand the chemical and physical properties of materials. The second Symposium, in 1976, placed emphasis on the exploration of characters most suited and needed for "Energy-Related Applications." By the time of that conference, the sequence of processing--characterization--properties was fully accepted. It was recognized that characterization was the basis of materials science; the objective of processing was to produce a desired character that was considered necessary to realize a given property or behavior. To further emphasize the importance of character, the symposium dealt primarily with the property/character coupling.
