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Author: Bridget Ann Henisch
Publisher: Penn State University Press
ISBN: 9780271019031
Category : Calendar
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Henisch, an independent scholar, focuses on High Middle Ages renditions of the "Labors of the Months", a pictorial calendar convention that depicted the traditional cycle of the year revolving around seasonal activities on the land. She examines how artists chose to depict the cycle and the ways in which the conventions and assumptions of art styled the reality of agricultural drudgery into far prettier images. Fine color and b&w illustrations from manuscripts, particularly the Book of Hours.
Author: Bridget Ann Henisch
Publisher: Penn State University Press
ISBN: 9780271019031
Category : Calendar
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Henisch, an independent scholar, focuses on High Middle Ages renditions of the "Labors of the Months", a pictorial calendar convention that depicted the traditional cycle of the year revolving around seasonal activities on the land. She examines how artists chose to depict the cycle and the ways in which the conventions and assumptions of art styled the reality of agricultural drudgery into far prettier images. Fine color and b&w illustrations from manuscripts, particularly the Book of Hours.
Author: Bridget Ann Henisch
Publisher: Charles River Media
ISBN: 9780271019048
Category : Art
Languages : en
Pages : 252
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Book Description
The Medieval Calendar Year celebrates the pictorial convention known as "The Labors of the Months" and the ways it was used in the Middle Ages. Richly illustrated and elegantly presented, it provides valuable insights into prevailing social attitudes and values and will fascinate all readers who are interested in the history and culture of medieval Europe. The "Labors" cycle was most popular during the High Middle Ages (ca. 1200-1500). The traditional cycle depicts the year as a round of seasonal activities on the land. Each month has its allotted task, and each of these represents one stage in the never-ending process of providing food for society. The small scenes that made up the cycle were well-known and used widely throughout Europe. They were chosen to decorate both public and private spaces: churches and houses, town fountains, baptismal fonts, as well as books of devotion intended both for priests and for the laity. The cycle was sculpted in stone, carved in wood, painted on glass and on manuscript pages. Examples from such media are described, but most of the illustrations have been taken from manuscripts, primarily Books of Hours. The author has spent the past fifteen years studying calendar after calendar, and one of her great strengths is her ability to see the social reality that lies hidden, even masked, behind the stylized presentation. In the chapter on winter, she shows how the image of this season, dreaded in the Middle Ages, was softened and sweetened by calendar artists to bring it more into harmony with the characteristic mood of the cycle as a whole. For autumn, she reveals how depictions of the harvest of grain, grapes, and livestock hint at a sophisticated market economy. Thematic chapters on children, women, and the hardship of work brilliantly cut through idealized conventions and assumptions to unveil the underlying complexities of life. The "Labors" cycle and its social context have not hitherto been examined in depth and with the care they deserve. The Medieval Calendar Year is a book worthy of the beautiful and beguiling tradition it describes.
Author: Sacha Stern
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199589445
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 468
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Book Description
Calendars were at the heart of ancient culture and society and were far more than just technical, time-keeping devices. Calendars in Antiquity offers a comprehensive study of the calendars of the ancient Mediterranean and Near Eastern world, from the origins up to and including Jewish and Christian calendars in late Antiquity.
Author: Sacha Stern
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004459693
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
Calendars in the Making investigates the Roman and medieval origins of several calendars we are most familiar with today, including the Christian liturgical calendar, the Islamic calendar, and the week as a standard method of dating and time reckoning.
Author: C. Philipp E. Nothaft
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198799551
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 378
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Book Description
The Gregorian calendar reform of 1582, which provided the basis for the civil and Western ecclesiastical calendars still in use today, has often been seen as a triumph of early modern scientific culture or an expression of papal ambition in the wake of the Counter-Reformation. Much less attention has been paid to reform's intellectual roots in the European Middle Ages, when the reckoning of time by means of calendrical cycles was a topic of central importance to learned culture, as impressively documented by the survival of relevant texts and tables in thousands of manuscripts copied before 1500. For centuries prior to the Gregorian reform, astronomers, mathematicians, theologians, and even Church councils had been debating the necessity of improving or emending the existing ecclesiastical calendar, which throughout the Middle Ages kept losing touch with the astronomical phenomena at an alarming pace. Scandalous Error is the first comprehensive study of the medieval literature devoted to the calendar problem and its cultural and scientific contexts. It examines how the importance of ordering liturgical time by means of a calendar that comprised both solar and lunar components posed a technical-astronomical problem to medieval society and details the often sophisticated ways in which computists and churchmen reacted to this challenge. By drawing attention to the numerous connecting paths that existed between calendars and mathematical astronomy between the Fall of Rome and the end of the fifteenth century, the volume offers substantial new insights on the place of exact science in medieval culture.
Author: John M. Steele
Publisher: Oxbow Books
ISBN: 1782974938
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
Dates form the backbone of written history. But where do these dates come from? Many different calendars were used in the ancient world. Some of these calendars were based upon observations or calculations of regular astronomical phenomena, such as the first sighting of the new moon crescent that defined the beginning of the month in many calendars, while others incorporated schematic simplifications of these phenomena, such as the 360-day year used in early Mesopotamian administrative practices in order to simplify accounting procedures. Historians frequently use handbooks and tables for converting dates in ancient calendars into the familiar BC/AD calendar that we use today. But very few historians understand how these tables have come about, or what assumptions have been made in their construction. The seven papers in this volume provide an answer to the question what do we know about the operation of calendars in the ancient world, and just as importantly how do we know it? Topics covered include the ancient and modern history of the Egyptian 365-day calendar, astronomical and administrative calendars in ancient Mesopotamia, and the development of astronomical calendars in ancient Greece. This book will be of interest to ancient historians, historians of science, astronomers who use early astronomical records, and anyone with an interest in calendars and their development.
Author: Teresa Pérez Higuera
Publisher: Phoenix
ISBN: 9780297823704
Category : Almanacs
Languages : en
Pages : 267
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Book Description
A beautiful, comprehensive look at the art of the middle ages, in an accessible, gift book format. To measure time and the passing of the seasins has always been 1 of man's occupations. Equally, to read significance into various times and seasons, to see the future in the past, has been a preoccupation since man could count. From the early middle ages, illuminated manuscripts showed the passing of time - for the nobles, for the peasantry - and they interpreted how this might augur for the future. In this highly illustrated book, a scholarly text and an accessible layout combine to produce an insight into a period and an art that are tii often overlooked.
Author: C. Philipp E. Nothaft
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192520180
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 378
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Book Description
The Gregorian calendar reform of 1582, which provided the basis for the civil and Western ecclesiastical calendars still in use today, has often been seen as a triumph of early modern scientific culture or an expression of papal ambition in the wake of the Counter-Reformation. Much less attention has been paid to reform's intellectual roots in the European Middle Ages, when the reckoning of time by means of calendrical cycles was a topic of central importance to learned culture, as impressively documented by the survival of relevant texts and tables in thousands of manuscripts copied before 1500. For centuries prior to the Gregorian reform, astronomers, mathematicians, theologians, and even Church councils had been debating the necessity of improving or emending the existing ecclesiastical calendar, which throughout the Middle Ages kept losing touch with the astronomical phenomena at an alarming pace. Scandalous Error is the first comprehensive study of the medieval literature devoted to the calendar problem and its cultural and scientific contexts. It examines how the importance of ordering liturgical time by means of a calendar that comprised both solar and lunar components posed a technical-astronomical problem to medieval society and details the often sophisticated ways in which computists and churchmen reacted to this challenge. By drawing attention to the numerous connecting paths that existed between calendars and mathematical astronomy between the Fall of Rome and the end of the fifteenth century, the volume offers substantial new insights on the place of exact science in medieval culture.
Author: Pauline Stafford
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 019260340X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 384
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Book Description
The vernacular Anglo-Saxon Chronicles cover the centuries which saw the making of England and its conquest by Scandinavians and Normans. After Alfred traces their development from their genesis at the court of King Alfred to the last surviving chronicle produced at the Fenland monastery of Peterborough. These texts have long been part of the English national story. Pauline Stafford considers the impact of this on their study and editing since the sixteenth century, addressing all surviving manuscript chronicles, identifying key lost ones, and reconsidering these annalistic texts in the light of wider European scholarship on medieval historiography. The study stresses the plural 'chronicles', whilst also identifying a tradition of writing vernacular history which links them. It argues that that tradition was an expression of the ideology of a southern elite engaged in the conquest and assimilation of old kingdoms north of the Thames, Trent, and Humber. Vernacular chronicling is seen, not as propaganda, but as engaged history-writing closely connected to the court, whose networks and personnel were central to the production and continuation of these chronicles. In particular, After Alfred connects many chronicles to bishops and especially to the Archbishops of York and Canterbury. The disappearance of the English-speaking elite after the Norman Conquest had profound impacts on these texts. It repositioned their authors in relation to the court and royal power, and ultimately resulted in the end of this tradition of vernacular chronicling.
Author: Pomegranate Communications, Inc
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780764915642
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
