Mechanical Design of the Tandem Mirror Experiment Upgrade Vacuum System PDF Download
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Languages : en
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The Tandem Mirror Experiment Upgrade (TMX Upgrade) vacuum system uses most of the vacuum system from the original TMX and substantially increases its capabilities. The vacuum system provides the main structure for the experimental apparatus, as well as providing and maintaining the vacuum environment. The vacuum vessel provides the structure supporting all magnets, as they are contained inside the vacuum vessel, all of the neutral-beam injectors, and the various diagnostics. The vessel provides the main vacuum enclosure and the various access ports required by the magnet system, injector system, internal vacuum system, and plasma diagnostics. The vacuum environment is created and maintained by two systems, the external vacuum system and the internal vacuum system. The external system consists of mechanical pumps, turbopumps, and cryopumps, and creates a vacuum inside the vessel down to a minimum pressure of 10−6 Torr. The internal vacuum system further reduces the pressure into the 10−8 Torr range and provides the fast pumping required to handle the excess gas from the neutral-beam injector system during a plasma shot. The internal vacuum system consists of titanium sublimators and liquid nitrogen (LN) liners that separate the vacuum vessel into various pumping regions.
Author:
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The Tandem Mirror Experiment Upgrade (TMX Upgrade) vacuum system uses most of the vacuum system from the original TMX and substantially increases its capabilities. The vacuum system provides the main structure for the experimental apparatus, as well as providing and maintaining the vacuum environment. The vacuum vessel provides the structure supporting all magnets, as they are contained inside the vacuum vessel, all of the neutral-beam injectors, and the various diagnostics. The vessel provides the main vacuum enclosure and the various access ports required by the magnet system, injector system, internal vacuum system, and plasma diagnostics. The vacuum environment is created and maintained by two systems, the external vacuum system and the internal vacuum system. The external system consists of mechanical pumps, turbopumps, and cryopumps, and creates a vacuum inside the vessel down to a minimum pressure of 10−6 Torr. The internal vacuum system further reduces the pressure into the 10−8 Torr range and provides the fast pumping required to handle the excess gas from the neutral-beam injector system during a plasma shot. The internal vacuum system consists of titanium sublimators and liquid nitrogen (LN) liners that separate the vacuum vessel into various pumping regions.
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Languages : en
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Book Description
The Tandem Mirror Experiment-Upgrade (TMX-U) vacuum system has been installed and operating since December 1981. In 1982 and early 1983 the performance of the internal, dynamic pumping system was evaluated during physics experiments. The plasma region gas loads caused the pressure to exceed that allowable for achieving thermal barrier plasmas. The unified, multiple-beamline concept used on TMX-U to pump the neutral-beam injector gas was modified. The modifications to the system were designed to reduce conductance between the injectors and the plasma region to better use the differential pumping in the pumping regions. The modifications made were a smaller cross section neutralizer, replacing apertures with ducts between regions, eliminating the injector scrape-off in the plasma region, relocating the neutral beam dumps, and eliminating the gaps around various penetrations.
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Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 1316
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Category : Controlled fusion
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 632
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Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information and foreign nonnuclear information.
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Languages : en
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This paper is a sequel to the one prepared by Atkinson, et al., in which the authors described the vacuum system of Lawrence Livermore Laboratory's Tandem Mirror Experiment (TMX). We discuss here the final configuration, liquid nitrogen (LN2) supply, and operation of the complete TMX vacuum system. The assembled vacuum system consists of two plug tanks with a volume of approximately 60 m3 each and a center cell tank with a volume of approximately 10 m3. In each plug tank there are 145 m2 of titanium-gettered, LN2-filled panels, which allow a pumping speed calculated to be 5 x 107 l/s for a period of 50 ms. The system maintains an operating pressure in the plasma chamber on the order of 10−6 Torr while 24 neutral-beam injectors are introducing 700 Torr l/s of hydrogen into the vacuum chamber.
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Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 686
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Category : Controlled fusion
Languages : en
Pages : 1126
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Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 668
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Languages : en
Pages :
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In 1980, the US Department of Energy gave the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory approval to design and build a tandem Mirror Fusion Test Facility (MFTF-B) to support the goals of the National Mirror Program. We designed the MFTF-B vacuum vessel both to maintain the required ultrahigh vacuum environment and to structurally support the 42 superconducting magnets plus auxiliary internal and external equipment. During our design work, we made extensive use of both simple and complex computer models to arrive at a cost-effective final configuration. As part of this work, we conducted a unique dynamic analysis to study the interaction of the 32,000-tonne concrete-shielding vault with the 2850-tonne vacuum vessel system. To maintain a vacuum of 2 x 10 Y Torr during the physics experiments inside the vessel, we designed a vacuum pumping system of enormous capacity. The vacuum vessel (4200 mT) has been fabricated, erected, and acceptance tests have been completed at the Livermore site. The rest of the machine has been assembled, and individual systems have been successfully checked. On October 1, 1985, we began a series of integrated engineering tests to verify the operation of all components as a complete system.
