Mathematics and Its Applications to Science and Natural Philosophy in the Middle Ages PDF Download
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Author: Edward Grant
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 052132260X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 354
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Book Description
Eleven distinguished historians of science explore natural philosophy and mathematics in the Middle Ages.
Author: Edward Grant
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 052132260X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 354
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Book Description
Eleven distinguished historians of science explore natural philosophy and mathematics in the Middle Ages.
Author: Edward Grant
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521003377
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 412
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Book Description
This book shows how the Age of Reason actually began during the late Middle Ages.
Author: Elspeth Whitney
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN: 0313061238
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
Medieval science and technology was firmly rooted in Aristotelian explanations of the physical world. This book begins by introducing the basic concepts of the classical tradition, and explains how these ideas were promulgated by the ancient Greeks, preserved and commented on by the great Muslim scholars of the early middle ages, and finally transmitted to western Europe as that region began to grow and expand around 1100 C.E. Specific avenues of inquiry such as astronomy and astrology, optics, chemistry and alchemy, zoology, geography, and medicine are described on their own terms. Rounding out the work is a discussion of the many technological innovations of the medieval age, such as mechanical clocks, firearms, and the blast furnace, that profoundly altered the course of European and world history. Biographical sketches provide insight into the lives and accomplishments of 20 men and women, Christian, Muslim, and pagan, whose works profoundly shaped the era's scientific spirit. Eleven annotated key primary documents afford a fascinating glimpse into how the best minds of the time posed their questions and their answers. An annotated timeline, glossary of terms, several illustrations, and an annotated bibliography round out the work. Medieval scientists, or natural philosophers, as they were then called, were powerfully influenced by the authority of older traditions, including Christianity and scientific ideas dating back to Plato, Aristotle, and Ptolemy. Yet their respect for these traditions was balanced by an equal respect for reason and the spirit of inquiry. Religious faith, far from dampening scientific and technological innovation, actually buttressed their efforts to understand the natural world as it was generally taken for granted that knowledge acquired through reason would harmonize with religious beliefs. While medieval science and technology did not seek to overthrow the prevailing worldviews of the time, their accomplishments did lay the groundwork for the scientific revolution and European global expansion of the early modern age.
Author: G. Freeland
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401594783
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 408
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Book Description
Australia and New Zealand boast an active community of scholars working in the field of history, philosophy and social studies of science. Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Seien ce aims to provide a distinctive publication of essays on a connected outlet for their work. Each volume comprises a group theme, edited by an Australian or a New Zealander with special expertise in that particular area. In each volume, a majority of the contributors is from Australia or New Zealand. Contributions from elsewhere are by no means ruled out, however, and are indeed actively encouraged wherever appropriate to the balance of the volume in question. Earlier volumes in the series have been welcomed for significantly advancing the discussion of the topics they have dealt with. I believe that the present volume will be greeted equally enthusiastically by readers in many parts of the world. R. W Horne General Editor Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science ix LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Frontispiece. Andreas Vesalius, Sixth Plate ofthe Muscles, woodcut, designed by Jan Steven van Kalkar, from De humani corporis fabrica (Basel, 1543). (Photo. Scientific Illustration; repr. by kind permission of the University of New South Wales Library. ) In: GUY FREELAND, 'Introduction: In Praise of Toothing-Stones' Fig. 1. Michael Esson, Vesalian Interpretation 3 (1992). (Repr. by kind permission ofthe Artist. ) Fig. 2. Reliefs, University of Padua.
Author: Maarten Hoenen
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004452125
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 387
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Book Description
Boethius' Consolatio Philosophiae is one of those exceptional works that circulated widely throughout such diverse medieval cultures as the schools and universities, the court, and religious houses. It spawned a rich tradition of Latin commentaries and was a major force in shaping vernacular literary traditions, including the works of Jean de Meun, Dante, and Chaucer. The changing perceptions of the Consolatio are the subject of this collection of new essays. The first section is devoted to the Latin commentary tradition (William of Conches, Nicholas Trevet, and Pierre d'Ailly). The other sections explore the vernacular traditions (Italian, French, German, English, and Dutch). The book underlines the interactions between the Latin and the vernacular and between literary and scholastic contexts, and the focus throughout is on the intellectual and institutional background of the works discussed.
Author: Edward Grant
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521567626
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Book Description
This 1997 book views the substantive achievements of the Middle Ages as they relate to early modern science.
Author: James M. Powell
Publisher: Syracuse University Press
ISBN: 9780815625568
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 460
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Book Description
In addition to sections devoted to Latin paleography, diplomatics, computer-assisted research, numismatics, archaeology, problems in chronology, and prospography, this text describes state-of-the-art research methodology and critical approaches to English literature, Latin philosophies, law, science, art and music.
Author: Maarten J. F. M. Hoenen
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9789004108318
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
The German philosophical culture of the Middle Ages is inextricable linked to the thought of Albert the Great. This volume brings together 14 papers, which deal with Albert's influence from the points of view of mysticism, philosophy, and the history of universities.
Author: James M. Lattis
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226469263
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 316
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Book Description
Between Copernicus and Galileo is the story of Christoph Clavius, the Jesuit astronomer and teacher whose work helped set the standards by which Galileo's famous claims appeared so radical, and whose teachings guided the intellectual and scientific agenda of the Church in the central years of the Scientific Revolution. Though relatively unknown today, Clavius was enormously influential throughout Europe in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries through his astronomy books—the standard texts used in many colleges and universities, and the tools with which Descartes, Gassendi, and Mersenne, among many others, learned their astronomy. James Lattis uses Clavius's own publications as well as archival materials to trace the central role Clavius played in integrating traditional Ptolemaic astronomy and Aristotelian natural philosophy into an orthodox cosmology. Although Clavius strongly resisted the new cosmologies of Copernicus and Tycho, Galileo's invention of the telescope ultimately eroded the Ptolemaic world view. By tracing Clavius's views from medieval cosmology the seventeenth century, Lattis illuminates the conceptual shift from Ptolemaic to Copernican astronomy and the social, intellectual, and theological impact of the Scientific Revolution.
Author: Andrew Younan
Publisher: CUA Press
ISBN: 0813236126
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 245
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Book Description
"What is "A Law of Nature"? It's a question that's vexed philosophers and scientists ever since Descartes first coined the term. Fr. Andrew Younan explores it in this insightful book. After carefully reviewing the positions of Humeans and Anti-Humeans, he employs the philosophy of Aristotle and Aquinas to argue for an essentialist understanding. His study leads him back to the beginnings of modern science and then forward to quantum mechanics. The philosophical account of how the laws of nature arise from observed regularities in the world is followed by a theological discussion of the nature and action of the Lawgiver."--from the foreword by Michael J. Dodds, OP To borrow a phrase from Galileo: What does it mean that the story of the creation is "written in the language of mathematics?" This book is an attempt to understand the natural world, its consistency, and the ontology of what we call laws of nature, with a special focus on their mathematical expression. It does this by arguing in favor of the Essentialist interpretation over that of the Humean and Anti-Humean accounts. It re-examines and critiques Descartes' notion of laws of nature following from God's activity in the world as mover of extended bodies, as well as Hume's arguments against causality and induction. It then presents an Aristotelian-Thomistic account of laws of nature based on mathematical abstraction, necessity, and teleology, finally offering a definition for laws of nature within this framework.
