Author: Takuya Kamata
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821383159
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 134
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Book Description
The sustainable development of ger areas in Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia, is one of the critical development issues facing the country. The ger areas host 60% of the population of Ulaanbaatar, and they have expanded 35 times larger than the original center of the city. Provision of basic services (e.g. heating and water supply) is very limited or non-existent in ger areas. The lack of basic public services resulted in air and water pollution as well as serious health risks to residents. The government tries to control expansion of the city, particularly ger areas, but its policy practices have been inconsistent. These inconsistent actions are, in part, a result of limited awareness and understanding by the general public, as well as by the policy makers, of the public costs of their actions. There is high susceptibility to ad-hoc behaviors that place premiums on short-term private gains over long-term value-creation in public goods. Many supporting mechanisms, including land valuation and taxation, have not yet been developed to create incentives for long-term value creation. Mongolia: Enhancing Policies and Practices for Ger Area Development in Ulaanbaatar aims at helping policy makers and citizens of Ulaanbaatar to improve their understanding of the consequences of their choices of policies and practices. Specifically, it intends to provide clear cost and benefit implications of three different development paths (central, mid-tier, and fringe gers) for seven sectors (land and housing, water supply, roads and public transport, heating, electricity, solid waste, and social services). The report is a best practice in urban planning exercise which provides useful information that can apply for other big cities.
Author: Ricardo Neupert
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
Author: Asian Development Bank
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : City planning
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Book Description
Author: Weltbank
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The City of Ulaanbaatar (UB) is undergoing a historic transformation toward market-driven urban development. This growth remains strongly influenced by city policy decisions that affect the supply and location of land for public and private uses. Private investment is concentrated in well-serviced land located in the central portion of the city and along major transportation corridors, which represent a small part of the total built area of the city. Mongolian law allows UB residents free access to land for residential use, which is commendable because it can reduce a substantial portion of the overall cost of housing. Due to these land allocations, however, low-density urban expansion has occurred along the urban fringes, which imposes heavy costs on transportation and the provision of basic utilities for city residents and omits an important possible source of revenue for financing these improvements. The current city administration clearly recognizes that urban land represents one of the most important assets under its guardianship and management. In particular, the administration is making a systematic effort to proactively manage land in the public interest. Notable achievements include: (i) a nearly complete, current accounting inventory of city-owned capital assets; (ii) surveying, mapping, inventorying, and auditing public-use land; and (iii) decisive administrative measures to stop and correct past practices of nontransparent and sometimes unlawful land allocations to private sector actors, and to protect public land from informal occupation. However, such reforms are incomplete, and the city administration s efforts are constrained by existing national laws and regulations and conflicting perceptions about land as a designated public entitlement for residential use. There are several outstanding challenges the city faces in improving the administration of land and supporting the function of urban land and property markets to support investment and economic growth.
Author: Michiko Banba
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 443156442X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 469
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Book Description
This book provides a wide range of studies on methods of assessing natural disaster risks and reducing those risks in the context of land use. A major benefit of the book is that it presents extensive research and practices from interdisciplinary perspectives through case studies of land use management against various natural disasters. The natural hazards include earthquakes, tsunami, floods, and other disasters, with case studies ranging from urban areas to areas with natural environments such as mountains, coasts, and river systems. By quantitative and qualitative analysis, this work illustrates how interactions between natural and human environments create natural disasters, and how disaster risks can be managed or reduced through methods related to land use. This book also covers a variety of challenges in land use management with sample cases from Asia as well as the United States and Europe. The main purpose is to provide greater insight into studies of natural disaster risks from the perspective of land use and the possibility of non-engineering methods to reduce those risks. This goal can be achieved through management of land use against various natural hazards in diverse environments.
Author: RebekaRebekah Plueckhahn
Publisher: UCL Press
ISBN: 1787351521
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 188
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Book Description
What can the generative processes of dynamic ownership reveal about how the urban is experienced, understood and made in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia? Shaping Urban Futures in Mongolia provides an ethnography of actions, strategies and techniques that form part of how residents precede and underwrite the owning of real estate property – including apartments and land – in a rapidly changing city. In doing so, it charts the types of visions of the future and perceptions of the urban form that are emerging within Ulaanbaatar following a period of investment, urban growth and subsequent economic fluctuation in Mongolia’s extractive economy since the late 2000s. Following the way that people discuss the ethics of urban change, emerging urban political subjectivities and the seeking of ‘quality’, Plueckhahn explores how conceptualisations of growth, multiplication, and the portioning of wholes influence residents’ interactions with Ulaanbaatar’s urban landscape. Shaping Urban Futures in Mongolia combines a study of changing postsocialist forms of ownership with a study of the lived experience of recent investment-fuelled urban growth within the Asia region. Examining ownership in Mongolia’s capital reveals how residents attempt to understand and make visible the hidden intricacies of this changing landscape.
Author: Weltbank
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Urbanization has provided opportunities for economic growth and poverty reduction in countries all over the world. Cities are well positioned to provide services due to the economies of scale that the density and spatial concentration of people and firms allow. That being said, if not carefully managed and planned for, the benefits of urbanization are not equally realized by all and urban growth can aggravate inequalities in access to services, employment and housing. This is particularly true in rapidly growing cities where services are not able to keep up with demand and land located near jobs is often constrained. Ulaanbaatar, the capital and largest city in Mongolia, has grown rapidly with a population of close to 1.4 million. The rapid growth, designated urban form, and weak fiscal management has resulted in a number of urban management challenges, particularly with regard to the delivery of public services.
Author: Richard Hu
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000878090
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 547
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Book Description
This handbook provides the most comprehensive examination of Asian cities—developed and developing, large and small—and their urban development. Investigating the urban challenges and opportunities of cities from every nation in Asia, the handbook engages not only the global cities like Shanghai, Tokyo, Singapore, Seoul, and Mumbai but also less studied cities like Dili, Malé, Bandar Seri Begawan, Kabul, and Pyongyang. The handbook discusses Asian cities in alignment to the United Nations’ New Urban Agenda and Sustainable Development Goals in order to contribute to global policy debates. In doing so, it critically reflects on the development trajectories of Asian cities and imagines an urban future, in Asia and the world, in the post-sustainable, post-global, and post-pandemic era. Presenting 43 chapters of original, insightful research, this book will be of interest to scholars, practitioners, students, and general readers in the fields of urban development, urban policy and planning, urban studies, and Asian studies.
Author: Jeffrey Reeves
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317486501
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
This book examines China’s relations with its weak peripheral states through the theoretical lens of structural power and structural violence. China’s foreign policy concepts toward its weak neighbouring states, such as the ‘One Belt, One Road’ strategy, are premised on the assumption that economic exchange and a commitment to common development are the most effective means of ensuring stability on its borders. This book, however, argues that China’s overreliance on economic exchange as the basis for its bilateral relations contains inherently self-defeating qualities that have contributed and can further contribute to instability and insecurity within China’s periphery. Unequal economic exchange between China and its weak neighbours results in Chinese influence over the state’s domestic institutions, what this book refers to as ‘structural power’. Chinese structural power, in turn, can undermine the state’s development, contribute to social unrest, and exacerbate existing state/society tensions—what this book refers to as ‘structural violence’. For China, such outcomes lead to instability within its peripheral environment and raise its vulnerability to security threats stemming from nationalism, separatism, terrorism, transnational organised crime, and drug trafficking, among others. This book explores the causality between China’s economically-reliant foreign policy and insecurity in its weak peripheral states and considers the implications for China’s security environment and foreign policy. This book will be of much interest to students of Chinese politics, Asian security studies, international political economy and IR in general.
Author: Asian Development Bank
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
ISBN: 9292690167
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 133
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Book Description
This publication presents an empirical assessment of Mongolia’s system of decentralized governance and the extent to which it translates into the actual and practical working environment for subnational and local governments. It focuses on the roles of subnational and local governments in providing public services and promoting local economic development.
