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Author: Nigel B. Cook
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dairy cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 273
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Book Description
Author: Nigel B. Cook
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dairy cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 273
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Book Description
Author: Nigel S. Cook
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Nigel B. Cook
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323678041
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 241
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Book Description
This issue of Veterinary Clinics: Food Animal Practice, Guest Edited by Dr. Nigel B. Cook, in collaboration with Consulting Editor Dr. Robert Smith, focuses on Housing to Optimize Comfort, Health and Productivity of Dairy Cattle. Article topics include: The housing dilemma: natural living vs. animal protection; Calf barn design and management; Lying time and its importance to the dairy cow: impact of stocking density and time budget stresses; Feeding behavior, feed space and bunk design, and management for adult dairy cattle; Maximizing comfort in tiestall housing; Free stall design and bedding management; Maternal behavior and design of the maternity pen; Housing the cow in transition to optimize early lactation performance; Ventilation systems for adult dairy cattle; Cooling systems for dairy cows; Designing dairy herds with automated milking systems; and Low stress handling areas for dairy cow barns.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dairy cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 273
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Author: M. F. Hutjens
Publisher: Hoard's Dairyman Books
ISBN: 9780932147462
Category : Cows
Languages : en
Pages : 68
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Managing fresh and dry cows, transition cow disorders, management too is including protocol, vaccination, feed additives.
Author: Caroline M. Ylioja
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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The weeks around parturition and the adaptation to lactation continue to present a challenge for the dairy cow and for the producers responsible for dairy cow management. Physiological adaptations to lactation can easily become dysregulated by factors such as insufficient nutrient availability to meet energy demands, oxidative stress, reduced immune competence, and excessive systemic inflammation, which can have lasting negative effects on the subsequent lactation. Recent literature shows that treatment strategies to reduce inflammation in early lactation have promoted sustained increases in milk production. Evaluation of transcriptional differences in mammary tissue due to anti-inflammatory treatment revealed no obvious differences to explain long-term effects, but differences in methylation of mammary tissue DNA warrant further investigation into potential epigenetic effects of inflammation mitigation. Management strategies to prevent excessive adiposity in transition cows are also often employed in commercial herds, as cows with excess body condition and lipid mobilization often have altered immune function and poor metabolic health in early lactation. MicroRNA, a type of non-coding RNA, facilitate communication and signaling between immune cells. We evaluated associations between maternal adiposity and microRNA in colostrum. Although no large-scale differences were detected in the colostrum profile of microRNA, further investigation of microRNA found in the mammary gland may help to determine the role of microRNA in the regulation of metabolism and immune signaling in the mammary gland, and to identify strategies to optimize cow health and production at the post-transcriptional level. Mitigation of the disparity between nutrients required by the dairy cow at the onset of lactation and the nutrients consumed through feed can also improve metabolic and immune function and promote the successful adaptation to lactation. We evaluated the effects of altered nutrient demand by reducing frequency of milking in early lactation. Although we did not observe large differences in glucose metabolism, reduced milking frequency did alter circulating glucose concentrations as well as some inflammatory markers in tissue and in circulation. Further development of strategies to optimize the resources available to the cow will help facilitate a successful navigation through this transition period and optimize both cow health and milk production.
Author: Emil A. Walleser
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Dairy cows undergo enormous metabolic changes following parturition and with the onset of lactation. Failure to execute these adaptations results in disease, reduced production, and loss of animal welfare. This period has been a major focus of research for the past twenty years. At the same time, the dairy industry has undergone a data revolution. Advancements in computational tools, predictive modeling, and data analytics tools offer new opportunities for early disease diagnosis and monitoring. This dissertation explores applications of data tools for monitoring and predicting disease with a primary focus on the transition period. Specific technologies investigated are milk analysis for prediction of transition period health disorders, herd data analysis platforms, and nanopore technology for infectious disease management. Milk analysis is common on dairies for monitoring production and milk composition. Infrared spectroscopy is applied to a milk sample and the resulting data can be used to determine milk components such as fat and protein, blood biomarkers, and other expressed phenotypes. The first objective of chapter 2 was to develop predictive models for blood beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and blood nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) using milk Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) data and known blood levels. The second objective was to categorize cows as either metabolically disordered or healthy using a combination of blood BHB, blood NEFA, and milk fat protein quotient. We demonstrated screening level diagnostic performance for milk FTIR prediction of BHB and NEFA and reasonable performance for classification of metabolic disturbance. In chapter 3 we developed novel prediction models for hyperketonemia prediction using milk FTIR data. We collected a large and diverse group of milk FTIR samples from multiple locations, breeds, and lactations. We hypothesized that applying deep learning and ensembling or averaging model results together would improve performance compared to conventional predictive algorithms. We then implemented and evaluated multiple algorithms for their performance on hyperketonemia classification. Predictive performance was similar across modeling options and performed at screening test level. We demonstrated prediction models can be developed using more diverse groups of cattle than previously evaluated. While BHB and hyperketonemia have been a key research area in the transition period for many years, the effect of inflammation on transition cow health is becoming a key topic. However, the lack of cowside testing tools makes routine monitoring of inflammation levels extremely challenging. Milk FTIR-based predictions are a possible tool for monitoring inflammation on a cow and herd level. Multiple biomarkers of inflammation exist, with some of the most commonly measured being the acute phase proteins. Acute phase proteins are either elevated or reduced in response to inflammatory stimuli, haptoglobin is one of the most commonly measured due to its high peak levels and long period of elevation. In chapter 4 we developed regression and classification models for blood and milk haptoglobin models. Predictive performance was limited for both blood and milk haptoglobin suggesting inflammatory monitoring using milk FTIR may be better utilized on a herd-level. Applications of data analysis on the dairy extend beyond sample analysis into farm records. Large scale data analysis and predictive modeling are the future of cow management, but the tools of today limit the usability of on-farm data. Dairy record tools limit the ability to perform herd health analysis and improve cow health. In chapter 5 we implemented and provided a case study for Dairy-Copilot, reducing time to inference from hours to minutes. We believe providing user-accessible tools will drive improved cow health and producer profitability simultaneously. In chapter 6, we look to the future, nanopore sequencing allows real-time sequencing for samples using only a handheld sequencer and laptop computer. We conducted a proof-of-concept project to investigate predicting gene sequences using convolutional neural networks. In the second part we generated a synthetic metagenomic dataset to predict salmonella genome sequences vs other bacterial species. Our work demonstrates that convolutional neural networks are capable of predicting short conserved sequences, but prediction of salmonella sequences in metagenomic samples requires more investigation. The final chapter contains thoughts on the future extending beyond literature. We explore the numerous opportunities data brings to the dairy but caution that without proper oversight many negatives exist. Finally we remark on the dairy cow, the surrogate mother of humanity, calling for her continued care and respect.
Author: Ian Lean
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780958181495
Category : Dairy cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Author: Otto M. Radostits
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0702039918
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 6539
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The eBook version of this title gives you access to the complete book content electronically*. Evolve eBooks allows you to quickly search the entire book, make notes, add highlights, and study more efficiently. Buying other Evolve eBooks titles makes your learning experience even better: all of the eBooks will work together on your electronic "bookshelf", so that you can search across your entire library of Veterinary Medicine eBooks. *Please note that this version is the eBook only and does not include the printed textbook. Alternatively, you can buy the Text and Evolve eBooks Package (which gives you the printed book plus the eBook). Please scroll down to our Related Titles section to find this title. The tenth edition of this well-established text has been reviewed and extensively revised, and new diseases added, based on literature published worldwide since 2000. It is directed primarily at students of veterinary medicine and at practicing veterinarians and field workers. It has come to be extensively used as a reference by veterinarians in large and mixed animal practice around the world: it has attained international relevance, recognition and acceptance with several translations. The book is divided into a General Medicine section (15 chapters) which describes clinical examination and the manifestation of disease in organ systems and a Special Medicine section (21 chapters) which describes the specific diseases of the large animal species, their causes, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical and pathological manifestations, treatment, control and prevention, and zoonotic risk. In the General Medicine chapters Dr Peter Constable, an authority in agricultural internal medicine, is a new major author and has reviewed and revised major parts of discussions on systemic disorders and the chapters on diseases of the cardiovascular system, the urinary system, the nervous system, and the chapter on mastitis. Other Chapters in the General Medicine chapters have been revised and the sections on gastrointestinal disease of horses and the chapters on respiratory system and hemopoietic and lymphatic systemes have been totally re-written by Dr Hinchcliff. The specific diseases of large animal species have been updated sine the last edition by all authors but of particular note in this Special Medicine section is the contributions of three new contributing authors. Dr Stan Done, an internationally recognized authority on diseases of pigs, has taken responsibility for the diseases of this species throughout the text, and adds a European input to the text. Dr Gary Osweiler, a well recognised clinical diagnostic toxicologist, has taken the responsibility for the revision of the topics on toxicological diseases and Dr Douglas Colwell, the diseases associated with arthropod parasites. In keeping with current diseases and their importance there is a new chapter on diseases associated with prions. This section has been completely revised and descriptions of many of the diseases of current importance completely re-written. There is a new chapter on diseases associated with prions. Includes important information essential to any large-animal veterinarian, especially those working with horses, cattle, sheep, pigs, or goats. User-friendly format allows the reader to quickly absorb key information. Quick review/synopsis sections for complex diseases make important information easy to find. Features content on major diseases of all countries, including foreign animal and emerging diseases.
Author: Greg Bethard
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dairy cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 7
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