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Author: Mr.Manmohan Singh
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1455228044
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 24
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Book Description
Recent regulatory efforts, especially in the U.S. and Europe, are aimed at reducing moral hazard so that the next financial crisis is not bailed out by tax payers. This paper looks at the possibility that central counterparties (CCPs) may be too-big-to-fail entities in the making. The present regulatory and reform efforts may not remove the systemic risk from OTC derivatives but rather shift them from banks to CCPs. Under the present regulatory overhaul, the OTC derivative market could become more fragmented. Furthermore, another taxpayer bailout cannot be ruled out. A reexamination of the two key issues of (i) the interoperability of CCPs, and (ii) the cost of moving to CCPs with access to central bank funding, indicates that the proposed changes may not provide the best solution. The paper suggests that a tax on derivative liabilities could make the OTC derivatives market safer, particularly in the transition to a stable clearing infrastructure. It also suggests reconsideration of a "public utility" model for the OTC market infrastructure.
Author: Mr.Manmohan Singh
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1455228044
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 24
Get Book
Book Description
Recent regulatory efforts, especially in the U.S. and Europe, are aimed at reducing moral hazard so that the next financial crisis is not bailed out by tax payers. This paper looks at the possibility that central counterparties (CCPs) may be too-big-to-fail entities in the making. The present regulatory and reform efforts may not remove the systemic risk from OTC derivatives but rather shift them from banks to CCPs. Under the present regulatory overhaul, the OTC derivative market could become more fragmented. Furthermore, another taxpayer bailout cannot be ruled out. A reexamination of the two key issues of (i) the interoperability of CCPs, and (ii) the cost of moving to CCPs with access to central bank funding, indicates that the proposed changes may not provide the best solution. The paper suggests that a tax on derivative liabilities could make the OTC derivatives market safer, particularly in the transition to a stable clearing infrastructure. It also suggests reconsideration of a "public utility" model for the OTC market infrastructure.
Author: David Murphy
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137293861
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 315
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Book Description
After the credit crisis, supervisors enacted a range of financial reforms. In particular, they radically changed the nature of the OTC derivatives market via a number of measures, notably mandatory central clearing. This book discusses the market before the crisis, explains what central clearing is, and outlines the consequences of the new rules.
Author: Jacqueline Best
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107052955
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 277
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Book Description
After decades of neoliberalism, the public is back - but in ways that challenge conventional wisdom about the public/private divide.
Author: T. Lauk
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137432969
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 261
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Book Description
Tillmann C. Lauk discusses law-making at the European level and argues that problems with EU legislation, banking regulation and currency debasement are due to a lack of democratic control. He insists on the need for radical reform both of banking and of international money and makes an important contribution to the debate on the future of finance.
Author: Ms.Sheri M. Markose
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1475577508
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
Financial network analysis is used to provide firm level bottom-up holistic visualizations of interconnections of financial obligations in global OTC derivatives markets. This helps to identify Systemically Important Financial Intermediaries (SIFIs), analyse the nature of contagion propagation, and also monitor and design ways of increasing robustness in the network. Based on 2009 FDIC and individually collected firm level data covering gross notional, gross positive (negative) fair value and the netted derivatives assets and liabilities for 202 financial firms which includes 20 SIFIs, the bilateral flows are empirically calibrated to reflect data-based constraints. This produces a tiered network with a distinct highly clustered central core of 12 SIFIs that account for 78 percent of all bilateral exposures and a large number of financial intermediaries (FIs) on the periphery. The topology of the network results in the “Too- Interconnected-To-Fail” (TITF) phenomenon in that the failure of any member of the central tier will bring down other members with the contagion coming to an abrupt end when the ‘super-spreaders’ have demised. As these SIFIs account for the bulk of capital in the system, ipso facto no bank among the top tier can be allowed to fail, highlighting the untenable implicit socialized guarantees needed for these markets to operate at their current levels. Systemic risk costs of highly connected SIFIs nodes are not priced into their holding of capital or collateral. An eigenvector centrality based ‘super-spreader’ tax has been designed and tested for its capacity to reduce the potential socialized losses from failure of SIFIs.
Author: Dermot Turing
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1526514974
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 900
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Book Description
The post-trading industry is one in which financial firms make money and one in which risk issues need careful management. Reliable payment, clearing and settlement structures are perceived to be essential to enable financial firms to withstand shocks. A great deal of the cost of trading and cross-border investment is attributed to the very complex process of clearing and settlement. This book describes and explains: 1. what happens in clearing and settlement, and the roles of (and risks assumed by) the various participants in the post-trade marketplace 2. the law applicable to infrastructures, how they are are regulated, and the other topographical features of their legal landscape 3. the legal and practical aspects of risk management and operations of infrastructures 4. the risks faced by participants in payment, clearing and settlement systems - the agent banks - along with practical and operational issues which they face in their roles. Fully revised, updates for the 3rd edition include: - Implications and impact of Brexit - CPMI and IOSCO paper on central counterparty default (CCP) management auctions - cyber-security and the resilience of financial market infrastructures (FMIs) and the wider market ecosystem.
Author: Mr.Manmohan Singh
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451982763
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 17
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Book Description
To mitigate systemic risk, some regulators have advocated the greater use of centralized counterparties (CCPs) to clear Over-The-Counter (OTC) derivatives trades. Regulators should be cognizant that large banks active in the OTC derivatives market do not hold collateral against all the positions in their trading book and the paper proves an estimate of this under-collateralization. Whatever collateral is held by banks is allowed to be rehypothecated (or re-used) to others. Since CCPs would require all positions to have collateral against them, off-loading a significant portion of OTC derivatives transactions to central counterparties (CCPs) would require large increases in posted collateral, possibly requiring large banks to raise more capital. These costs suggest that most large banks will be reluctant to offload their positions to CCPs, and the paper proposes an appropriate capital levy on remaining positions to encourage the transition.
Author: Mr.Mohsan Bilal
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1475564090
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 19
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Book Description
This paper looks at some technical issues when using CDS data, and if these are incorporated, the analysis or regression results are likely to benefit. The paper endorses the use of stochastic recovery in CDS models when estimating probability of default (PD) and suggests that stochastic recovery may be a better harbinger of distress signals than fixed recovery. Similarly, PDs derived from CDS data are risk-neutral and may need to be adjusted when extrapolating to real world balance sheet and empirical data (e.g. estimating banks losses, etc). Another technical issue pertains to regressions trying to explain CDS spreads of sovereigns in peripheral Europe - the model specification should be cognizant of the under-collateralization aspects in the overall OTC derivatives market. One of the biggest drivers of CDS spreads in the region has been the CVA teams of the large banks that hedge their exposure stemming from derivative receivables due to non-posting of collateral by many sovereigns (and related entities).
Author: Qiao Liu
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135072973
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 610
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Book Description
Asia’s demand for second-generation financial institutions and markets needs to be met in order for the region’s further development to be sustained. This book provides a compelling, fact-based assessment of current practices and regulations in Asia’s financial institutions and markets and carefully documents the exciting opportunities and challenges that lie ahead in the region’s financial systems. This book differs in design from typical treatments of financial institutions and markets because its focus is on Asia rather than using the US model (in terms of market configurations or products) as a benchmark, and its takes a contemporary and forward-looking view of financial markets. Examples of practice from Asia are used to illustrate major accepted themes in finance and financial regulation. To the extent that Asia’s main economies share characteristics that are distinct, for example, in the relationship between government and the banking sector, or in aspects of corporate governance, the book will discuss the consequences for market operation and intermediation. The book’s carefully structured facts and rigorously argued analysis carry important implications both for students in business and law and for professionals new to financial markets in Asia. It will change the way that Asian financial markets and institutions is taught in universities as well as provide a valuable resource for professionals working in finance in Asia.
Author: Stanford Law Review
Publisher: Quid Pro Books
ISBN: 1610279492
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 593
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Book Description
A leading law journal features a digital edition as part of its worldwide distribution, using quality ebook formatting and active links. This issue of the Stanford Law Review, Volume 64, Issue 4 - April 2012, contains studies of law, economics, and social policy by recognized scholars on diverse topics of interest to the academic and professional community. Contents for this issue include: -- The Tragedy of the Carrots: Economics and Politics in the Choice of Price Instruments, by Brian Galle -- “They Saw a Protest”: Cognitive Illiberalism and the Speech-Conduct Distinction, by Dan M. Kahan, David A. Hoffman, Donald Braman, Danieli Evans & Jeffrey J. Rachlinski -- Constitutional Design in the Ancient World, by Adriaan Lanni & Adrian Vermeule -- The Copyright-Innovation Tradeoff: Property Rules, Liability Rules, and Intentional Infliction of Harm, by Dotan Oliar -- Note, Testing Three Commonsense Intuitions About Judicial Conduct Commissions -- Note, Derivatives Clearinghouses and Systemic Risk: A Bankruptcy and Dodd-Frank Analysis In the ebook edition, all the footnotes, graphs, and tables of contents (including those for individual articles) are fully linked, properly scalable, and functional; the original note numbering is retained. Also, the URLs in notes are active; and the issue is properly formatted.
