Low Temperature Synthesis and Characterization of Organically Templated Novel Vanadium Oxides PDF Download
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Author: Samuel T. Lutta
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780496100125
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Samuel T. Lutta
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780496100125
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Curtis L. Weeks
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Low temperatures
Languages : en
Pages : 196
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Author: Curtis Weeks
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781423565765
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 107
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Book Description
Transition metal oxides are receiving a great deal of attention because the materials produced are showing promise in the fields of catalysis and electrochemistry. These materials are being produced in a variety of ways, but the low temperature hydrothermal method is producing materials with desired structural characteristics. This study discusses efforts in mild reaction conditions of heat temperatures ranging between 160 and 200 deg C. The factors of pH, reaction time, reaction temperature, and the presence of organic templating cations are also studied to see their impact on traditional and microwave reactions. The relatively new field of microwave synthesis has shown that materials which customarily took 2 days of reaction time in the traditional ovens are reproducible in 30-60 minutes via the microwave ovens. The influence of the organic cations in the reaction mediums is the focus of this particular study. The ability to produce layered vanadium oxides in the absence of such templating cations as TMA would make the materials potentially better for electrochemical purposes. This research used a variety of solvents in an attempt to produce interlayer bridging by organic anions. The solvents of ethylene glycol and acetic acid act as those bridges, each with 2 accessible oxygens.
Author: Arthur Dobley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Surface active agents
Languages : en
Pages : 322
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Author: Thomas G. Chirayil
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Thermochemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 410
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 794
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Author: Markus Niederberger (Chemiker)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 159
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Author: Banu Önen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 170
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Hydrothermal synthesis of transition metal oxide containing organic-inorganic hybrid materials has attracted great attention recently. Two novel organic-inorganic hybrid materials (4,4ʼ-bipy)3[HPW12O39] and [Cu(4,4ʼ-bipy)4][HPW12O40] were hydrothermally synthesized as green and purple crystals respectively, from the reaction of Na6[H2W12O40], CuCl2.2H2O, 4,4ʼ- bipyridine and H3PO4 in a 23 ml autoclave at 170°C for 72 hours. The compound (4,4ʼ-bipy)3[HPW12O39] crystallizes in the space group P21/n of the monoclinic system with four formula units in a cell with dimensions a = 13.503(3) Å, b = 26.726(5) Å, c =15.169(3) Å and V = 5397.3(19) Å3. [Cu(4,4ʼ-bipy)4][HPW12O40] crystallizes in the space group Pbcn of the tetragonal system with eight formula units in a cell of dimensions a = 20.236(4) Å, b = 25.635(5) Å, c = 20.236(4) Å; V = 10497(4) Å3 . Both of the compounds are Keggin polyoxometalate structures. (4,4ʼ-bipy)3[HPW12O39] contains free 4,4ʼ-bipy groups among the clusters while in [Cu(4,4ʼ-bipy)4][HPW12O40] 4,4ʼ-bipy ligands are coordinated to Cu2+ ions. A novel compound (H2NC4H8NH2)[(VO)2(PO4)2] was synthesized hydrothermally from the reaction of NaVO3, V2O5, ethylenediamine and H3PO4 at 170 C for 72 hours. The compound crystallizes in the space group P-1 of the trigonal system with five formula units in a cell of dimensions a= 6.3345(13) Å, b= 6.3353(13) Å, c= 15.940(3) Å, V=639.6(2) Å3. (H2NC4H8NH2)[(VO)2(PO4)2] displays a layered structure with protonated piperazine groups between layers. In addition to the novel compounds, several known compounds were synthesized as well. Blue crystals of (VO)(H2PO4)2 were obtained hydrothermally from the reaction of NaVO3, ethylenediamine and H3PO4 at 170C for 72 hours (C5NH6)4.5(H3O)1.5[P2W18O62] , a known compound also, was synthesized from the reaction of Na2WO4 .2H2O, CuCl2.2H2O, pyridine and H3PO4 at 170C for 72 hours.
Author: Markus Josef Niederberger
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 159
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Book Description
Author: Aytaç Şahin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Crystal growth
Languages : en
Pages : 136
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Book Description
Hydrothermal method has proven to be an excellent method for the synthesis of novel metal oxides and vanadates. This research pertains to the synthesis of novel lead chlorovanadate compound and of a known alkali metal trivanadate compound, KV3O8 by hydrothermal method This method has been used to synthesize many inorganic oxide compounds Hydrothermal synthesis is the use of aqueous solvents under high temperature and high pressure to dissolve and recrystallize materials. Compounds with interesting structure and physical properties are often obtained from this technique that is known as one of the low-temperature synthesis techniques for solid state compounds. There are many studies that have been done on oxides in the Pb-V-O systems There are also many vanadium oxides containing Pb, V, O elements in Pb-V-O system such as Pb1.32V8.35O16.7, PbV6O11, PbV2O6, Pb2V3O8.5, and .-PbxV2O5 bronzes (x = 0.3). In an attempt to synthesize vanadium oxides at low temperature, we were able to obtain needle shaped yellow crystals of PbVO3Cl. In the nature, there is a kombatite mineral, Pb14(VO4)2O9Cl4, with the same composition of elements. A new lead chlorovanadate, PbVO3Cl, was obtained from the reaction of NaVO3 and PbCl2 in aqueous solution of B(OH)3. The compound was prepared in an autoclave that was filled with aqueous solution of B(OH)3 and heated at 170oC for 3 days. The compound crystallizes in the space group Pnma of the orthorhombic system with formula units in a cell of dimensions a = 10.022(2)
