Long-term Effects of Alternative Residue Management Practices on Near-surface Soil Properties and Soybean Production in a Wheat-soybean, Double-crop System in Eastern Arkansas PDF Download
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Author: Christopher Ryan Norman
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781321763898
Category : Agricultural wastes
Languages : en
Pages : 436
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Book Description
Adoption of management practices that maintain or increase soil organic matter (SOM), which contains 58% carbon (C) on average, may help to mitigate climate change by sequestering atmospheric C. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to determine the long-term trends in SOM, soil C and nitrogen (N), bulk density, various soil chemical properties (i.e., pH, electrical conductivity [EC], and Mehlich-3-extractable nutrients) in the top 10 cm, and soybean yield as affected by residue burning (burning and non-burning), tillage (conventional and no-tillage), irrigation (irrigated and non-irrigated), and N-fertilization/residue level (high and low) in a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], double-crop system in eastern Arkansas. The secondary objective was to determine the relationship between soil water potential (-MPa) and soil water content (g g-1) in the top 7.5 cm as affected by residue treatments. The field site has been consistently managed for 13 years at the University of Arkansas Lon Mann Cotton Research Station near Marianna, Arkansas on a Calloway silt loam (fine silty, mixed, active, thermic Glossaquic Fraglossudalf). Averaged across all other factors, SOM did not differ over time (P > 0.05) under irrigation, while SOM content increased over time (P
Author: Christopher Ryan Norman
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781321763898
Category : Agricultural wastes
Languages : en
Pages : 436
Get Book Here
Book Description
Adoption of management practices that maintain or increase soil organic matter (SOM), which contains 58% carbon (C) on average, may help to mitigate climate change by sequestering atmospheric C. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to determine the long-term trends in SOM, soil C and nitrogen (N), bulk density, various soil chemical properties (i.e., pH, electrical conductivity [EC], and Mehlich-3-extractable nutrients) in the top 10 cm, and soybean yield as affected by residue burning (burning and non-burning), tillage (conventional and no-tillage), irrigation (irrigated and non-irrigated), and N-fertilization/residue level (high and low) in a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], double-crop system in eastern Arkansas. The secondary objective was to determine the relationship between soil water potential (-MPa) and soil water content (g g-1) in the top 7.5 cm as affected by residue treatments. The field site has been consistently managed for 13 years at the University of Arkansas Lon Mann Cotton Research Station near Marianna, Arkansas on a Calloway silt loam (fine silty, mixed, active, thermic Glossaquic Fraglossudalf). Averaged across all other factors, SOM did not differ over time (P > 0.05) under irrigation, while SOM content increased over time (P
Author: Nyambilila Abdallah Amuri
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soils
Languages : en
Pages : 670
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Book Description
Author: William Shurtleff; Akiko Aoyagi
Publisher: Soyinfo Center
ISBN: 1948436442
Category : Reference
Languages : en
Pages : 986
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Book Description
The world's most comprehensive, well documented, and well illustrated book on this subject. With extensive subject and geographic index. 80 photographs and illustrations - many color. Free of charge in digital PDF format.
Author: Johan Desrochers
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cropping systems
Languages : en
Pages : 584
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Book Description
Improving the understanding of conventional and alternative management practices and their interactions on aggregate-derived particulate organic matter (POM) fractions and soil hydraulic properties, particularly infiltration, is instrumental to soil and groundwater management and long-term sustainability in the Lower Mississippi River Delta (LMRD) region of eastern Arkansas. The objective of this long-term wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.), double-crop (WSDC) field study in a silt-loam soil (Glossaquic Fraglossudalf) in the LMRD region of eastern Arkansas was to evaluate the effects of conventional and alternative management practices, including wheat-residue level, residue burning, tillage and irrigation, on i) POM fractions and the distribution of C and N among POM fractions, including the total POM, light fraction (LF) and intra-POM (iPOM) fraction, in the top 10 cm of soil after 14 years of consistent management and ii) falling-head and tension infiltration after 11 and 14 years of consistent management. Long-term treatment combinations affected (P
Author: Sharon Faye Smith
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781303619946
Category : Soil respiration
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Book Description
Sustainability in agriculture is paramount to assuring continued production from our most naturally fertile soils. Storing carbon (C) in soil as organic matter through sustainable agricultural management practices can both remove atmospheric C and improve soil quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of water management (irrigation and dryland), residue management [burn and no-burn, conventional (CT) and no-tillage (NT)] and residue/fertility level (high and low) on soil respiration and aggregate stability in a wheat- (Triticum aestivum L.) soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.], double-crop system in a silt-loam soil (Aquic Fraglossudalf) in the Mississippi River Delta region of eastern Arkansas after more than six years of consistent management. To this end, soil respiration was measured every two weeks during the 2011 and 2012 soybean growing seasons. A wet-sieving procedure was used to assess total and size-separated (i.e., 0.25-0.5, 0.5-1, 1-2, and > 2 mm diameters) water-stable aggregates (WSA). Soil respiration was greater under irrigation and CT on the majority of days sampled and averaged 27.4 and 16.3% greater than under dryland and NT management, respectively. Soil respiration was reduced by an average of 9.7% by residue burning, as compared to non-burning. The effects of residue level, achieved by differential N-fertilization, on soil respiration were inconsistent and generally non-significant. Soil water-stable aggregates were unaffected by burning, but were affected by all other field treatments. Total WSA concentrations were 19% greater under CT than NT within the dryland-low-fertility treatment combination. Total WSA concentrations under high-fertility were 18% less than under low-fertility within the irrigated-NT treatment combination, despite greater residue levels produced within the high-fertility treatment. The smallest two size classes (i.e., 0.25 to 0.5 and 0.5 to 1.0 mm) comprised over 80% of the total WSA. The WSA concentrations of the largest two size classes (1- to 2- and >2-mm) were unaffected by all treatments imposed. Understanding how long-term agricultural management practices affect soil C storage and cycling can help improve policies for soil and environmental sustainability throughout the lower Mississippi River Delta region.
Author: Tarra Leigh Verkler
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781109811612
Category : Soils
Languages : en
Pages : 127
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Book Description
Sustainable agricultural practices are becoming an increasingly recognized issue. Crop residue management practices can play a significant role in agricultural sustainability. The objective of this study was to investigate residue management [i.e., high and low residue level, burned and unburned residue, and conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT)] and water management (i.e., irrigated and non-irrigated) effects on soil properties, soil moisture dynamics, and soybean production in a wheat-soybean double-crop system in eastern Arkansas for two complete cropping cycles. While soil properties were not consistently affected by residue management, NT consistently, though non-significantly, conserved soil water more effectively than CT. Soybean yield was unaffected by residue management. In 2006, the estimated net return from the high-residue/burned/NT/irrigated treatment combination was 26% greater than the high-residue/burned/CT/irrigated treatment combination. The more environmentally sustainable practice of NT appears to be a viable, and potentially more profitable, alternative to the more common practice of CT.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 1120
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Book Description
Author: Drew Dillion Kirkpatrick
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 202
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Book Description
Cover crops have the potential to provide many benefits including weed suppression, erosion control, and improvements to soil quality. These benefits can be affected by species, biomass accumulation, and management practices. Although large amounts of biomass are good for maximizing benefits, it can result in problems for establishing the subsequent crop. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] accounts for over 50% of Arkansas crop hectares annually; therefore, understanding the effect that a cover crop can have on the following soybean crop is crucial to the successful implementation of cover crops within the state. A study was established to evaluate winter cover crops as an alternative to traditional Arkansas practices, such as winter fallow, as well as winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) soybean double-crop system, and the effect each cropping system has on soybean yield and partial returns. Additionally, a goal of this study was to assess a variety of cover crop species and blends as well as their effect on aboveground biomass accumulation, nutrient uptake, and stand establishment of the following soybean crop. Soil organic matter (SOM) and pH were also used to evaluate overall soil health following three full rotations of each winter treatment. Results of the study show that winter cover crops do not affect the following soybean crop establishment, but had a positive influence on soybean yield and partial returns in a no-tillage system. Except for blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius), each cover crop treatment proved to be an equally viable alternative to a traditional double-crop system and more profitable than a winter fallow system. Cover crops not only have an immediate impact of increasing soybean yield, but cover crops also have the potential to provide long-term benefits. Previous research has shown that increased biomass production typically increases SOM and results of this study indicate that cover crop treatments produced up to four times as much aboveground biomass compared to a winter fallow management strategy. Treatments that produced the most biomass also accumulated the most aboveground nutrient contents for the macronutrients nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). There were no differences in soil health calculations, but each treatment received a "good" soil health score. Our results indicate that winter cover crops provide a promising alternative to the winter wheat soybean double-crop system and winter fallow management program and with continuous management, soil quality can be improved.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 1348
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Book Description
Includes abstracts of the annual meetings of the American Society of Agronomy; Soil Science Society of America; Crop Science Society of America ( - of its Agronomic Education Division).
Author: Lajpat Ahuja
Publisher: Water Resources Publication
ISBN: 9781887201087
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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Book Description
This publication comes with computer software and presents a comprehensive simulation model designed to predict the hydrologic response, including potential for surface and groundwater contamination, of alternative crop-management systems. It simulates crop development and the movement of water, nutrients and pesticides over and through the root zone for a representative unit area of an agricultural field over multiple years. The model allows simulation of a wide spectrum of management practices and scenarios with special features such as the rapid transport of surface-applied chemicals through macropores to deeper depths and the preferential transport of chemicals within the soil matrix via mobile-immobile zones. The transfer of surface-applied chemicals (pesticides in particular) to runoff water is also an important component.
