Life-history Variation and Management of Wild Great Lakes Steelhead Populations PDF Download
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Author: David Rollin Swank
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 472
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Book Description
Author: David Rollin Swank
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 472
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 842
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Author: Colin Bailey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Species with complex life histories - where individuals undergo a rapid ontogenetic shift followed by a change in habitat - may respond to environmental and ecological drivers in unanticipated ways. For example, traits shaped by conditions in one habitat could carry over to the next habitat leading to unpredicted consequences. Steelhead trout are anadromous with plastic, complex life-histories that display broad variation in both freshwater and marine phases of their life cycle. Here, I linked environmental variation (e.g., nutrient subsidies, marine climate) to life-history traits (e.g., smolt size, size at maturity) and carry-over effects to understand how these factors may affect population production in the depressed Keogh River, BC population. Beginning with a 40-year timeseries of steelhead abundance and juvenile life-history data, I examined how smolt production and traits (length and age) vary with freshwater rearing conditions. Steelhead smolt production, length-at-age, and age covary with temperature, artificial nutrient addition, and pink salmon spawning abundance (spawners generate a nutrient subsidy via eggs and carcass tissues that young steelhead eat). Next, I investigated how pink salmon egg abundance (and thus pink salmon spawning abundance) translated to egg consumption by young steelhead across varying fish communities. Using experimental egg additions, I discovered that increasing egg availability disrupted size- and species-based dominance hierarchies, allowing small juvenile steelhead and less competitive fishes to access eggs. In Chapter 4, I developed and validated improvements to scale-based fish length back-calculation to estimate smolt length from adult scales for use in Chapter 5. Finally, using three decades of archived adult steelhead scales, I examined how smolt traits (i.e., sex and back-calculated length) combine with marine environmental conditions to affect adult life-history traits and female steelhead egg production across three decades. I discovered carry-over effects of the freshwater environment on adult traits via relationships between smolt length and age- and length-at-maturity. However, the opposing effects of smolt length on age-at-maturity (which affects length-at-maturity) and length-at-maturity dampened the positive effect of smolt length on egg production. Collectively, this thesis informs steelhead management and demonstrates the complicated inter-relationships between environment and traits across complex and plastic life-histories.
Author: Peter Arthur Addison
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780494401842
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
Complementary life-history and genetic diversity (microsatellite DNA loci) were used to assess potential sources of extant phenotypic variation of eight naturalized steelhead populations from northern Lake Superior tributaries. Supplemental stocking subsequent to colonization, which occurred by 1920, has been very limited, thereby providing opportunities for genetic and phenotypic divergence. Populations exhibited high genetic diversity and similar allele size ranges, indicating a highly diverse common ancestor colonized the area. Furthermore, significant hierarchical divergence existed among populations. Five life-history parameters that are used to distinguish between native stocks of steelhead varied significantly among the study populations. Life-history variation was inconsistent with genetic variation and consistent with geographic distance among populations. Assuming that differences among tributary biophysical environments are positively associated with geographic distance these results support the hypothesis that reported life-history variation is the result natural processes (phenotypic plasticity, adaptation, drift and migration) and not contingent upon ancestry.
Author: James R. Harbeck
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hatchery fishes
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
Author: Patrick L. Hulett
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fishery resources
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Book Description
Author: Paul W. Seelbach
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fishery resources
Languages : en
Pages : 38
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Book Description
Author: William Rundle Ardren
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Steelhead (Fish)
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
Author: Martha Angelica Arciniega Hernandez
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780355132151
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Book Description
Parallel adaptive divergence of migratory and reproductive behavior can occur in multiple populations when similar selection is acting on these traits. Timing of migration, sexual maturity, and reproduction can have major impacts on the dynamics and viability of a population. Life-history variation in steelhead, Oncorhynchus mykiss, including variation in anadromous run timing, reproductive maturity and spawn timing, represents an important aspect of their biology and adaptation to local habitats. Here we present a genetic analysis of naturally spawning steelhead to evaluate the genetic relationships and ancestry of summer- and winter-run reproductive ecotypes from multiple river basins in Oregon and Northern California. We infer the phylogeographic relationships among populations of both summer- and winter-run steelhead ecotypes using 12 microsatellite loci and 90 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Phylogenetic trees and analysis of molecular genetic variance revealed that pairs of phenotypically and genetically distinct reproductive ecotypes within rivers were each other's closest relatives. Isolation by distance was also observed, confirming that genetic relatedness was strongly associated with geographic distance, and indicating limited migration or gene flow among river basins. These patterns support the hypothesis that the summer-run steelhead ecotype has repeatedly evolved through parallel evolution in multiple river basins. These results, together with further investigation of the underlying molecular basis for the divergence of winter- and summer-run steelhead life-history traits, will inform management and conservation efforts for these ecotypes and improve our understanding of the role of adaptive variation in conservation genetics.
Author: Fred W. Allendorf
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192598570
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 785
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Book Description
The relentless loss of biodiversity is among the greatest problems facing the world today. The third edition of this established textbook provides an updated and comprehensive overview of the essential background, concepts, and tools required to understand how genetics can be used to conserve species, reduce threat of extinction, and manage species of ecological or commercial importance. This edition is thoroughly revised to reflect the major contribution of genomics to conservation of populations and species. It includes two new chapters: "Genetic Monitoring" and a final "Conservation Genetics in Practice" chapter that addresses the role of science and policy in conservation genetics. New genomic techniques and statistical analyses are crucial tools for the conservation geneticist. This accessible and authoritative textbook provides an essential toolkit grounded in population genetics theory, coupled with basic and applied research examples from plants, animals, and microbes. The book examines genetic and phenotypic variation in natural populations, the principles and mechanisms of evolutionary change, evolutionary response to anthropogenic change, and applications in conservation and management. Conservation and the Genomics of Populations helps demystify genetics and genomics for conservation practitioners and early career scientists, so that population genetic theory and new genomic data can help raise the bar in conserving biodiversity in the most critical 20 year period in the history of life on Earth. It is aimed at a global market of applied population geneticists, conservation practitioners, and natural resource managers working for wildlife and habitat management agencies. It will be of particular relevance and use to upper undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in conservation biology, conservation genetics, and wildlife management.
