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Author: Branko Milanović
Publisher:
ISBN: 9782348067167
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Après avoir expliqué la fameuse courbe de l'éléphant dans Inégalités mondiales, Branko Milanovic s'intéresse ici aux grandes tendances qui orientent le destin du monde. Il analyse la dynamique du capitalisme, système qui domine désormais sans partage. Confrontant deux modèles, le capitalisme libéral (américain) et le capitalisme politique (chinois), il en montre les dérives, l'un vers la ploutocratie, l'autre vers une corruption accrue. L'argumentation repose sur la mise en perspective de nombreuses données statistiques et sur une très bonne connaissance de l'histoire. Contrairement aux prédictions d'une ancienne vulgate marxiste, les régimes dits « communistes », d'autant plus efficaces que les pays étaient à l'origine moins développés et dominés, ont rendu possible la transition entre féodalisme et capitalisme. L'une des contributions majeures de ce livre est la caractérisation du capitalisme politique, ou autoritaire (un secteur privé prédominant mais sous contrôle politique, une bureaucratie efficace au service de la croissance, l'absence d'État de droit), et de ses contradictions (une élite technocratique vs un pouvoir discrétionnaire ; une corruption endémique vs la légitimation du pouvoir). L'avenir s'annonce sombre si les tendances actuelles se prolongent (ploutocratie, marchandisation de tous les domaines de l'existence et corruption, démultipliée par la globalisation). La bifurcation vers un horizon plus radieux exigerait une politique radicale de réduction des inégalités...
Author: Branko Milanović
Publisher:
ISBN: 9782348067167
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Après avoir expliqué la fameuse courbe de l'éléphant dans Inégalités mondiales, Branko Milanovic s'intéresse ici aux grandes tendances qui orientent le destin du monde. Il analyse la dynamique du capitalisme, système qui domine désormais sans partage. Confrontant deux modèles, le capitalisme libéral (américain) et le capitalisme politique (chinois), il en montre les dérives, l'un vers la ploutocratie, l'autre vers une corruption accrue. L'argumentation repose sur la mise en perspective de nombreuses données statistiques et sur une très bonne connaissance de l'histoire. Contrairement aux prédictions d'une ancienne vulgate marxiste, les régimes dits « communistes », d'autant plus efficaces que les pays étaient à l'origine moins développés et dominés, ont rendu possible la transition entre féodalisme et capitalisme. L'une des contributions majeures de ce livre est la caractérisation du capitalisme politique, ou autoritaire (un secteur privé prédominant mais sous contrôle politique, une bureaucratie efficace au service de la croissance, l'absence d'État de droit), et de ses contradictions (une élite technocratique vs un pouvoir discrétionnaire ; une corruption endémique vs la légitimation du pouvoir). L'avenir s'annonce sombre si les tendances actuelles se prolongent (ploutocratie, marchandisation de tous les domaines de l'existence et corruption, démultipliée par la globalisation). La bifurcation vers un horizon plus radieux exigerait une politique radicale de réduction des inégalités...
Author: Rada Ivekovic
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000543978
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
This book examines the antagonistic relationship between new European nationalisms as these often go hand-in-hand with populism, and the phenomenon of migration. Migration has become a significant issue both in Europe and the whole world. Although it has always existed, much of public opinion sees it now as a problem. The latter has been exaggerated through a crisis in hospitality exacerbated by the relatively recently constructed and misplaced feeling of a civilisational threat from islam. Migration is then countered by the escalation of new nationalisms, at least some of which are supported by populism. This book offers an understanding of this conjunction of migration and nationalism in the post-cold war European context. More specifically, the book takes up how the end of the simplified cold war cognitive binary means an unprecedented epistemological confusion and depoliticisation which takes migration as its target, but could resort to other targets too. Discussing the postcolonial background to the new migrations, the book also considers womens' rights, postsocialism and the relevance of the current pandemic, as the issue of migration is addressed in the context of the European crisis-ridden present. This wide-ranging interrogation of how contemporary European migration is conceived and understood will appeal to students, academics, activists, policy makers, and others with interests in contemporary migration, new nationalisms, populism, feminism, colonial, postcolonial, and decolonial issues, as well as socialism and postsocialism.
Author: Immanuel Wallerstein
Publisher: La Découverte
ISBN: 2707191914
Category : Political Science
Languages : fr
Pages : 195
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Book Description
On dit parfois qu'il est plus facile d'imaginer la fin du monde que celle du capitalisme. C'est à un véritable exercice d'imagination sur l'avenir très problématique du capitalisme que nous convient cinq des chercheurs les plus éminents de la sociologie historique, réunis autour d'I. Wallerstein, fécond héritier de Braudel et père de la théorie des " systèmes-mondes ". En échappant aux facilités du prophétisme, ils explorent ici une série de dimensions cruciales et de tendances " lourdes ". On a souvent dit qu'il était plus facile de penser la fin du monde que celle du capitalisme. Pourtant, ce système présente aujourd'hui des signes de rupture qui permettent d'en anticiper le déclin imminent, et ce en recourant non pas au prophétisme, mais beaucoup plus simplement aux sciences sociales. C'est ce que démontrent ici cinq des plus éminents chercheurs internationaux. Dans une langue qu'ils ont voulue accessible à tous, s'appuyant sur des idées fortes de Marx, Braudel ou Weber, ils explorent une série de tendances " lourdes " des sociétés contemporaines, telles que l'approfondissement des crises économiques et écologiques, le déclin probable des classes moyennes, les contradictions et désarticulations du système politique international ou encore les problèmes d'externalisation des coûts sociaux et environnementaux liés au fonctionnement du capitalisme mondial. Ils tirent également les enseignements historiques et sociologiques de la chute du bloc soviétique et des mutations actuelles de la Chine. Pour cette pléiade d'universitaires prestigieux, les limites internes et externes de l'expansion du " système monde " capitaliste sont sur le point d'être atteintes. Face à son déclin accéléré et multidimensionnel, il est urgent de penser sérieusement à ce qui peut et devrait lui succéder. L'ouvrage rappelle ainsi que les sciences sociales, lorsqu'elles explorent rigoureusement la réalité, peuvent également aider à imaginer un autre avenir.
Author: Jacqueline Ki-Zerbo
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 9780520066960
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 372
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Book Description
"This volume covers the period from the end of the Neolithic era to the beginning of the seventh century of our era. This lengthy period includes the civilization of Ancient Egypt, the history of Nubia, Ethiopia, North Africa and the Sahara, as well as of the other regions of the continent and its islands."--Publisher's description
Author: Félix Antoine Savard
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : French-Canadian fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Book Description
Author: S.J. van der Linde
Publisher: Sidestone Press
ISBN: 9088901066
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 430
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Book Description
What are European archaeologists doing abroad? What have they been doing there for the past three to four centuries? Are they doing things differently nowadays? To address these questions, this book explores the scope, impact and ethics of European archaeological policies and practices in the Mediterranean area, the Near East, sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and Latin America. Acknowledging that international and transcultural projects have a range of different stakeholders, the first part of this book aims to identify some of the values and motivations behind different European archaeologies abroad. This is done by providing thorough historical overviews on a range of European countries, including France, Spain, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands and Poland. But how are these values translated, through socio-political, theoretical and administrative frameworks, unto local circumstances in host countries? And how are these archaeological activities received locally? The second part of this book attempts to answer these questions through a range of historical and contemporary case studies, in Africa, in Asia, in South America, in the Near East and in Europe. The third part of the book offers several critical reflections on European values, motivations and collaboration projects, as perceived by archaeological heritage professionals based in, and/or working in Senegal, Sudan, Somaliland, Colombia, and the Near East. This collection of historical overviews, contemporary case studies and critical reflections focuses on the challenging relationships between archaeological practices and policies, including the requirements and wishes of archaeologists, of local communities and of other stakeholders in Europe and in the host countries. In addition to researchers and students, this book should be of interest to practicing archaeologists, heritage professionals and policy makers the world over, as they seek to reach better informed decisions regarding archaeological projects and international collaboration. This publication was produced in the framework of the ACE project – “Archaeology in Contemporary Europe. Professional Practices and Public Outreach”, with the support of the Culture 2007-2013 programme of the European Commission.
Author: Jasmien van Daele
Publisher: Peter Lang
ISBN: 9783034305167
Category : International labor activities
Languages : en
Pages : 548
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Book Description
In 2009, the International Labour Organization (ILO) celebrated its ninetieth anniversary. The First World War and the revolutionary wave it provoked in Russia and elsewhere were powerful inspirations for the founding of the ILO. There was a growing understanding that social justice, in particular by improving labour conditions, was an essential precondition for universal peace. Since then, the ILO has seen successes and set-backs; it has been ridiculed and praised. Much has been written about the ILO; there are semi-official histories and some critical studies on the organization's history have recently been published. Yet, further source-based critical and comprehensive analyses of the organization's origins and development are still lacking. The present collection of eighteen essays is an attempt to change this unsatisfactory situation by complementing those histories that already exist, exploring new topics, and offering new perspectives. It is guided by the observation that the ILO's history is not primarily about «elaborating beautiful texts and collecting impressive instruments for ratification» but about effecting «real change and more happiness in peoples' lives».
Author: Francis Maupain
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1782255958
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 339
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Book Description
The International Labour Organization was created in 1919, as part of the Treaty of Versailles that ended the First World War, to reflect the belief that universal and lasting peace can be accomplished only if it is based on social justice. As the oldest organisation in the UN system, approaching its 100th anniversary in 2019, the ILO faces unprecedented strains and challenges. Since before the financial crisis, the global economy has tested the limits of a regulatory regime which was conceived in 1919. The organisation's founders only entrusted it with balancing social progress with the constraints of an interconnected open economy, but gambled almost entirely on tools of persuasion to ensure that this would happen. Whether that gamble is still capable of paying-off is the subject of this book, by a former ILO insider with an unrivalled knowledge of its work. The book forms part of a broader inquiry into the relevance of founding institutional principles to today's context, and strives to show that the bet made on persuasion may yet pay off. In part, the text argues that there may be little alternative anyway, showing that the pathways to more binding solutions are fraught with difficulty. It also shows the ILO's considerable future potential for promoting effective, universal regulations by extending its tools of persuasion in as yet insufficiently explored directions. Starting with an examination of how the organisation's institutional context differs from 93 years ago, the author goes on to evaluate the prospects of numerous proposals put forward today, including the trade/labour linkage, but going beyond this. As a case study in how strategic choices can be made under legal, social and institutional constraints, the book should be valuable not only to those with an interest in the ILO, but to anyone who studies international organisation, labour law, law and society or political economy.
Author: Orley Ashenfelter
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 9780444501899
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 800
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Book Description
A guide to the continually evolving field of labour economics.
Author: Bethwell A. Ogot
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 9780435948115
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 1088
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Book Description
The result of years of work by scholars from all over the world, The UNESCO General History of Africa reflects how the different peoples of Africa view their civilizations and shows the historical relationships between the various parts of the continent. Historical connections with other continents demonstrate Africa's contribution to the development of human civilization. Each volume is lavishly illustrated and contains a comprehensive bibliography. This fifth volume of the acclaimed series covers the history of the continent from the beginning of the sixteenth century to the close of the eighteenth century in which two themes emerge: first, the continuing internal evolution of the states and cultures of Africa during this period second, the increasing involvement of Africa in external trade--with major but unforeseen consequences for the whole world. In North Africa, we see the Ottomans conquer Egypt. South of the Sahara, some of the larger, older states collapse, and new power bases emerge. Traditional religions continue to coexist with both Christianity (suffering setbacks) and Islam (in the ascendancy). Along the coast, particularly of West Africa, Europeans establish a trading network which, with the development of New World plantation agriculture, becomes the focus of the international slave trade. The immediate consequences of this trade for Africa are explored, and it is argued that the long-term global consequences include the foundation of the present world-economy with all its built-in inequalities.
