Laser Induced Plasmas & Optical Diagnostics PDF Download
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Author: Magesh Thiyagarajan
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783846548745
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Book Description
Author: Magesh Thiyagarajan
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783846548745
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Book Description
Author: Colm Fallon
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 141
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Book Description
Recently prepulse techniques such as dual-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (DP-LIBS) have emerged as commonly used analytical techniques for qualitative and quantitative elemental investigations in various research fields and disciplines such as industrial, defense and medical applications. The performance of the DP-LIBS technique is strongly dependent on the choice of the experimental conditions. The key parameters that affect its performance are the target properties, laser wavelength, pulse duration, energy and spot-size, interpulse delay times, delay time of observations, ambient background gas pressure and geometrical setup of the optics. The DP-LIBS approach provides significant enhancement in the intensities of emission lines and their lifetimes, up to two orders of magnitude greater than conventional single pulse laser induced breakdown spectroscopy. The aim of the work presented here is to further advance prepulse techniques, as well as other methods to control species density, with a view to optimise emission in the visible wavelength range. In particular, a new technique involving reheating the stagnation layer formed at the collision front between two (or more) colliding plasmas is explored. Spatially and temporally resolved imaging and spectroscopy of the interaction region between two colliding plasmas are employed to demonstrate for the first time that pumping of an optimised stagnation layer significantly increases the intensity emission and duration of selected spectral lines. This technique offers the promise of tunable density and tunable energy (temperature) plasmas. It will potentially increase both the lifetimes and intensities of spectral lines in laser produced plasmas by creating relatively low density - high energy plasmas which can overcome the problem of flux loss due to opacity, which leads to the attenuation of discrete emission lines with a concomitant reduction in line contrast, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and signal-to-background ratio (SBR). The latter is a key parameter in determining the limit-of-detection (LOD) of the LIBS technique. Other applications of stagnation layers include the development of 'target fuel' for Extreme UltraViolet (EUV) and X-ray light sources with an especial emphasis on generating high repetition rate, preheated droplet-like targets that can compete with the current liquid drop targets. The latter suffer from clogging at the jet nozzle due to adiabatic expansion freezing. Also, unlike stagnation layers the basic parameters of the droplet fuel cannot be easily varied in the way that stagnation layers allow.
Author: Dmitri Nikitine
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Leon J. Radziemski
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000147371
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 474
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Book Description
This book discusses the physics of plasma initiation and reviews the features of dissipating, propagating plasmas. It deals with advances in diagnostics for high-energy, laser-fusion plasmas. The book reviews the basic physical processes, plasma characteristics of the "continuous optical discharge".
Author: Hantian Zhang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 117
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Book Description
Author: C Arcoumanis
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1482263181
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
From the automotive industry to blood flow monitoring, optical techniques and laser diagnostics are becoming integral parts in engineering and medical instrumentation. Written by leading global experts from industry, academic groups, and laboratories, this volume provides an international perspective on both existing applications and leading-edge r
Author: Irving P. Herman
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080538088
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 815
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Book Description
This volume describes the increasing role of in situ optical diagnostics in thin film processing for applications ranging from fundamental science studies to process development to control during manufacturing. The key advantage of optical diagnostics in these applications is that they are usually noninvasive and nonintrusive. Optical probes of the surface, film, wafer, and gas above the wafer are described for many processes, including plasma etching, MBE, MOCVD, and rapid thermal processing. For each optical technique, the underlying principles are presented, modes of experimental implementation are described, and applications of the diagnostic in thin film processing are analyzed, with examples drawn from microelectronics and optoelectronics. Special attention is paid to real-time probing of the surface, to the noninvasive measurement of temperature, and to the use of optical probes for process control. Optical Diagnostics for Thin Film Processing is unique. No other volume explores the real-time application of optical techniques in all modes of thin film processing. The text can be used by students and those new to the topic as an introduction and review of the subject. It also serves as a comprehensive resource for engineers, technicians, researchers, and scientists already working in the field. - The only volume that comprehensively explores in situ, real-time, optical probes for all types of thin film processing - Useful as an introduction to the subject or as a resource handbook - Covers a wide range of thin film processes including plasma etching, MBE, MOCVD, and rapid thermal processing - Examples emphasize applications in microelectronics and optoelectronics - Introductory chapter serves as a guide to all optical diagnostics and their applications - Each chapter presents the underlying principles, experimental implementation, and applications for a specific optical diagnostic
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Emission spectroscopy and laser-induced fluorescence have been used to monitor the field and tail-flame regions of a Hull-design inductively coupled plasma. This plasma is used for a variety of syntheses including SiC, TiC, BN, A1N and diamond. Temporally- and spatially-resolved spectra of both pure Ar and Ar/gas mixtures have been studied as a function of RF power, pressure and flow rate. Preliminary data suggest that the system is far from local thermodynamic equilibrium.
Author: Jagdish P. Singh
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128188308
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 624
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Book Description
Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, Second Edition, covers the basic principles and latest developments in instrumentation and applications of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). Written by active experts in the field, it serves as a useful resource for analytical chemists and spectroscopists, as well as graduate students and researchers engaged in the fields of combustion, environmental science, and planetary and space exploration. This fully revised second edition includes several new chapters on new LIBS techniques as well as several new applications, including flame and off-gas measurement, pharmaceutical samples, defense applications, carbon sequestration and site monitoring, handheld instruments, and more. LIBS has rapidly developed into a major analytical technology with the capability of detecting all chemical elements in a sample, of real- time response, and of close-contact or stand-off analysis of targets. It does not require any sample preparation, unlike conventional spectroscopic analytical techniques. Samples in the form of solids, liquids, gels, gases, plasmas, and biological materials (like teeth, leaves, or blood) can be studied with almost equal ease. This comprehensive reference introduces the topic to readers in a simple, direct, and accessible manner for easy comprehension and maximum utility. - Covers even more applications of LIBS beyond the first edition, including combustion, soil physics, environment, and life sciences - Includes new chapters on LIBS techniques that have emerged in the last several years, including Femtosecond LIBS and Molecular LIBS - Provides inspiration for future developments in this rapidly growing field in the concluding chapter
Author: J. S. Cowpe
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) and Mass Spectrometry (MS) were employed in tandem for diagnostic studies of Nd:YAG (532 nm) laser induced plasma plumes. OES measurements of laser-induced silicon plasmas were performed through a range of ambient pressure regimes from atmospheric pressure down to ~10-4 mbar. The temporal evolution of the plasmas was characterised in terms of electron excitation temperature Te, ionisation temperature Ti, and electron density Ne. Electron densities were determined in the range 2.86? 1016 to 5.53? 1019 cm-3, electron temperatures were calculated in the range 8794 to 21229 K, and ionic species temperatures calculated in the range 13658 to 22551K. The requirements for OES analysis based on the assumption of Local Thermal Equilibrium (LTE) conditions existing within the plasmas are discussed. The plasma morphology and expansion dynamics with respect to pressure are described. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to optimise Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) analyses of silicon at atmospheric pressure and under vacuum conditions. Multivariate analysis software was used to design and analyse several multi-level, full factorial RSM experiments. A Quality Factor (QF) was conceived as the response parameter for the experiments, representing the quality of the LIBS spectrum captured for a given hardware configuration. A full parametric study of the LIBS hardware configuration was performed to determine the true response of the system; the outcome of which compares favourably with the results yielded from the RSM investigation. MS analyses of silicon and copper laser-induced plasma plumes were performed using a commercially available Residual Gas Analyser (RGA). The RGA sampling configuration was investigated in order to maximise neutral and ionic species detection from the laser-induced plasmas.
